Category
Memory
Every memory record in the RetroFlops catalog, by name.
Memory in the catalog
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PC industry · 1986
32-bit PC dynamic RAM
Dynamic main memory used by representative 80386DX and 80486DX PCs.
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3dfx Interactive · November 1996
3dfx Voodoo Graphics frame buffer
EDO DRAM on the card itself, split between the frame buffer and texture storage. Voodoo Graphics rendered only 3D and passed 2D through from a separate display adapter, so this memory holds no desktop.
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Acorn Computers · 1987
Acorn Archimedes A310 RAM
One mebibyte of writable system memory.
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Acorn Computers · 1987
Acorn Archimedes ROM
512 KiB read-only RISC OS firmware.
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AMD · December 2022
AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX frame buffer
24 GiB of GDDR6 with 960 GB/s peak bandwidth.
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Commodore Business Machines · 1992
Amiga 1200 Chip memory
Chip memory organized as 256K by 32 bit, reachable by both the 68EC020 and the AGA chipset. Four times the Amiga 500's, and 32 bit wide rather than 16.
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Commodore Business Machines · 1992
Amiga 1200 Kickstart ROM
512 KiB of mask ROM holding Kickstart 3.0, organized as 128K by 32 bit.
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Commodore Business Machines · 1992
Amiga 4000 Chip memory
Memory shared by the Amiga 4000 processor and its AA custom chipset.
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Commodore-Amiga, Inc. · 1985
Amiga 500 Chip memory
The Amiga 500 Chip memory: 512 KiB both the 68000 and the custom chips can reach. Everything the graphics, audio and disk hardware operates on has to live here, so its size limits what the machine can do without the CPU.
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Amstrad · 1984
Amstrad CPC 464 RAM
64 KiB writable system memory.
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Amstrad · 1984
Amstrad CPC 464 ROM
32 KiB read-only firmware holding AMSDOS and Locomotive BASIC.
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MIT Instrumentation Laboratory / Raytheon · 1966
Apollo Guidance Computer core rope memory
Fixed program storage woven by hand: a wire threading a core stores a one, a wire bypassing it stores a zero. Six modules of 512 cores and 192 sense lines each give 98 304 bit per module.
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MIT Instrumentation Laboratory / Raytheon · 1966
Apollo Guidance Computer erasable core memory
The machine's read-write store: a 2048 words coincident-current ferrite core array wired in 32 by 64 planes with no splices in the wires, for reliability.
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Apple Computer · 1977
Apple II firmware ROM
Read-only monitor and Integer BASIC firmware.
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Apple Computer · 1977
Apple II system RAM
Writable motherboard RAM whose fitted capacity depends on the purchased Apple II configuration.
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Apple
Apple iPhone 12 unified memory
The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 12; Apple does not state its installed capacity.
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Apple
Apple iPhone 15 Pro unified memory
The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 15 Pro; Apple does not state its installed capacity.
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Apple
Apple iPhone 17 Pro unified memory
The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 17 Pro; Apple does not state its installed capacity.
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Apple
Apple iPhone 17 unified memory
The working-memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 17.
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Apple
Apple iPhone 3GS unified memory
The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 3GS; Apple does not state its installed capacity.
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Apple
Apple iPhone 4 unified memory
The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 4; Apple does not state its installed capacity.
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Apple
Apple iPhone 5s unified memory
The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 5s; Apple does not state its installed capacity.
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Apple
Apple iPhone 6s unified memory
The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 6s; Apple does not state its installed capacity.
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Apple (system) · 2007
Apple iPhone flash storage
The four or eight gigabytes the phone was sold by, where programs and music are kept, not where they run.
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Samsung · 2007
Apple iPhone system-on-chip memory
128 mebibytes on the same package as the processor and the graphics core, shared by both. One pool, and the smaller of the two capacities the phone is sold by.
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Apple
Apple iPhone X unified memory
The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone X; Apple does not state its installed capacity.
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Apple
Apple M1 unified memory
One pool of memory inside the M1 package, addressed by the processor cores, the graphics cores and the neural engine alike.
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Apple
Apple M4 unified memory
One memory pool shared by the M4 processor and graphics cores.
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Atari
Atari 2600 launch cartridge
Removable 2 KiB program cartridge, recorded as storage rather than system memory.
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Atari
Atari 2600 RIOT RAM
128 B of writable scratch memory.
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Atari · 1985
Atari 520ST RAM
512 KiB writable system memory.
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Atari · 1985
Atari 520ST TOS ROM
192 KiB read-only TOS firmware.
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Atari · 1979
Atari 800 firmware ROM
Read-only operating-system firmware mapped into the Atari 800 address space.
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Atari · 1979
Atari 800 system RAM
Writable RAM in the selected 48 KiB Atari 800 configuration.
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ATI Technologies · August 2002
ATI Radeon 9700 Pro frame buffer
128 MiB of DDR SDRAM with 19.8 GB/s peak bandwidth.
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Acorn Computers · 1981
BBC Micro Model B RAM
32 KiB writable system memory.
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Acorn Computers · 1981
BBC Micro Model B ROM
32 KiB of read-only MOS and BASIC firmware.
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Commodore Business Machines · 1982
Commodore 64 system RAM
64 KiB of dynamic RAM filling the entire sixteen-bit address space, with ROM and I/O banked over the top of it rather than beside it.
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Commodore Business Machines · 1982
Commodore 64 system ROM
20 KiB of mask ROM holding BASIC, the KERNAL operating system and the standard character set.
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SEGA Enterprises · 1998
Dreamcast audio memory
A third pool, independent of both main and texture memory: 2 MiB belonging to the AICA audio chip.
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SEGA Enterprises · 1998
Dreamcast main memory
16 MiB of SDRAM connected directly to the SH-4 across a 64 bit bus at 100 MHz, holding game state and the display lists the graphics chip reads.
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SEGA Enterprises · 1998
Dreamcast texture memory
8 MiB of memory belonging to the graphics chip, holding textures and frame buffers.
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PC industry · 1978
Early PC dynamic RAM
Dynamic main memory used by representative 8086 and 80286 PCs.
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Nintendo
Game Boy Advance video RAM
98 KiB of memory the picture processor draws from, counted with the object attribute and palette memory beside it.
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Nintendo
Game Boy Advance writable RAM
288 KiB total writable main and internal work RAM.
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Nintendo
Game Boy work RAM
8 KiB writable work RAM.
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Sony Computer Entertainment
Graphics Synthesizer embedded DRAM
Four mebibytes of DRAM on the Graphics Synthesizer die, holding the frame buffer, Z buffer and textures behind a 2560 bit bus.
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IBM · 1981
IBM PC 5150 firmware ROM
Read-only BIOS and Cassette BASIC firmware.
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IBM · 1981
IBM PC 5150 system RAM
Writable RAM in the original 16 KiB base configuration.
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Apple Computer · 1984
Macintosh 128K RAM
128 KiB writable memory shared with the display.
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Apple Computer · 1984
Macintosh 128K ROM
64 KiB read-only Macintosh Toolbox firmware.
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Microsoft · 2005
Microsoft Xbox 360 unified memory
512 MiB of installed GDDR3.
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Microsoft · 2013
Microsoft Xbox One unified memory
8 GiB of installed DDR3.
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Microsoft · 2020
Microsoft Xbox Series X unified memory
16 GiB of installed GDDR6.
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Microsoft · 2001
Microsoft Xbox unified memory
64 MiB of installed DDR SDRAM.
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MSX standard · 1983
MSX BIOS and BASIC ROM
Read-only MSX BIOS and BASIC firmware.
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MSX standard · 1983
MSX system RAM
64 KiB writable RAM in the selected MSX configuration.
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SNK
Neo Geo AES work RAM
64 KiB writable main RAM.
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NEC · 1996
Nintendo 64 main memory (RDRAM)
4 MiB of RDRAM, used in parallel by the CPU, the RSP, the RDP and the I/O interfaces, so one pool serves everything a contemporary machine would have split between system and video memory.
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Nintendo
Nintendo DS main RAM
4 MiB writable main RAM.
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Nintendo
Nintendo Entertainment System RAM
2 KiB writable CPU work RAM.
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Nintendo
Nintendo Entertainment System video RAM
2 KiB of writable memory attached to the picture processor.
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Nintendo · 2001
Nintendo GameCube main memory
24 MiB of installed 1T-SRAM.
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Nintendo · 2001
Nintendo GameCube sound memory
16 MiB of installed 81 MHz DRAM, dedicated to audio.
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Nintendo
Nintendo Switch 2 unified memory
The working-memory pool shared by the Switch 2 processor and graphics hardware.
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Nintendo · 2017
Nintendo Switch unified memory
4 GiB of installed LPDDR4.
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Nintendo · 2006
Nintendo Wii MEM1
24 MiB of installed 1T-SRAM.
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Nintendo · 2006
Nintendo Wii MEM2
64 MiB of installed GDDR3.
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Nintendo · 2012
Nintendo Wii U unified memory
2 GiB of installed DDR3.
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NVIDIA · December 1999
NVIDIA GeForce 256 DDR 32 MiB frame buffer
The DDR SDRAM frame buffer fitted to NVIDIA's December 1999 GeForce 256 reference card.
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NVIDIA · October 1999
NVIDIA GeForce 256 SDR 32 MiB frame buffer
The SDR SDRAM frame buffer fitted to NVIDIA's October 1999 GeForce 256 reference card.
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NVIDIA · April 2004
NVIDIA GeForce 6800 Ultra frame buffer
256 MiB of GDDR3 with 35.2 GB/s peak bandwidth.
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NVIDIA · November 2006
NVIDIA GeForce 8800 GTX frame buffer
768 MiB of GDDR3 with 86.4 GB/s peak bandwidth.
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NVIDIA · May 2016
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 frame buffer
Eight gibibytes of GDDR5X on a 256 bit interface, reachable at 320 GB/s.
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NVIDIA · November 2010
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 580 frame buffer
1536 MiB of GDDR5 with 192.4 GB/s peak bandwidth.
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NVIDIA · November 2013
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780 Ti frame buffer
3 GiB of GDDR5 with 336 GB/s peak bandwidth.
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NVIDIA · September 2018
NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti frame buffer
11 GiB of GDDR6 with 616 GB/s peak bandwidth.
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NVIDIA · October 2022
NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 frame buffer
24 GiB of GDDR6X with 1008 GB/s peak bandwidth.
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NVIDIA · January 2025
NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 frame buffer
Thirty-two gibibytes of GDDR7 on a 512 bit interface at 1792 GB/s: five and a half times the bandwidth of the GeForce GTX 1080, and half the H100's.
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NVIDIA
NVIDIA H100 (SXM) GPU memory
Eighty gibibytes on the accelerator module, reachable at 3.35 TB/s. That is seventy times the bandwidth of the PlayStation 2's embedded frame buffer, which held the record in this catalog for two decades.
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PC industry · 2000
PC DDR SDRAM
Double-data-rate synchronous main memory used by representative Pentium 4, Core 2 and Core i7 PCs.
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PC industry · 2020
PC DDR5 SDRAM
DDR5 main memory in the representative Core i9-14900K configuration.
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NEC Home Electronics
PC Engine video RAM
64 KiB of memory attached to the video display controller, eight times the console work RAM.
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NEC Home Electronics
PC Engine work RAM
8 KiB writable system RAM.
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PC industry · 1993
PC synchronous dynamic RAM
Synchronous main memory used by representative Pentium and Pentium II PCs.
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Rambus (interface) / Sony Computer Entertainment (system)
PlayStation 2 main memory (Direct RDRAM)
The Emotion Engine's main memory: a narrow, very fast Rambus channel delivering 3.2 GB/s, in a console generation where competitors used wide, slower buses.
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Rambus (interface) / Sony Computer Entertainment (system)
PlayStation 3 main memory (XDR DRAM)
256 MiB of Rambus XDR attached to the Cell processor, carrying the PlayStation 2's Direct RDRAM strategy forward a generation.
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NVIDIA (interface) / Sony Computer Entertainment (system)
PlayStation 3 video memory (GDDR3)
256 MiB of GDDR3 belonging to the RSX, external to it rather than embedded as the PlayStation 2's was.
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Sony Computer Entertainment / AMD
PlayStation 4 unified system memory (GDDR5)
Eight gibibytes of GDDR5 shared by the processor and the graphics units. The three PlayStations before it split their memory in two.
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Sony Interactive Entertainment · 2020
PlayStation 5 internal SSD
825 gigabytes of solid-state storage, the first fitted drive in a PlayStation whose capacity Sony states as a headline figure rather than a disc format.
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Sony Interactive Entertainment · 2020
PlayStation 5 unified GDDR6 memory
Sixteen gibibytes at 448 GB/s, shared by the processor and the graphics engine. Twice the PlayStation 4's capacity, at two and a half times its bandwidth.
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Sony Computer Entertainment · 1994
PlayStation main memory
2 MiB of main memory, addressed through a fixed physical map because the console fits no TLB.
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Sony Computer Entertainment · 1994
PlayStation video memory
1 MiB of video memory holding the frame buffer, texture pages and color lookup tables. Separate from main memory and reachable by the GPU rather than shared with the CPU.
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Raspberry Pi Ltd
Raspberry Pi 5 LPDDR4X memory
The installed LPDDR4X memory pool of the 8 GB Raspberry Pi 5 model.
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IBM Federal Systems Division · 1966
Saturn LVDC toroidal core memory module
One memory module: fourteen 128 by 64 magnetic core planes with their drive and sensing circuits, holding 4096 non-redundant 28 bit words.
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Sega
Sega Master System RAM
8 KiB writable work RAM.
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Sega
Sega Master System video RAM
16 KiB of memory attached to the video display processor, holding tiles, sprite tables and the name table.
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Sega
Sega Mega Drive RAM
64 KiB writable main RAM.
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Sega
Sega Saturn backup RAM
32 KiB of battery-backed memory for saved games.
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Sega
Sega Saturn CD buffer RAM
512 KiB buffering the compact-disc drive.
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Sega
Sega Saturn IPL ROM
512 KiB of boot firmware.
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Sega
Sega Saturn sound RAM
512 KiB of memory dedicated to the sound processor.
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Sega
Sega Saturn video RAM
1.5 MiB of memory attached to the video display processors.
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SEGA Enterprises · 1994
Sega Saturn work RAM
2 MiB of installed SDRAM.
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Silicon Graphics, Inc.
SGI Octane main memory
The installed memory of the two Octanes SGI submitted to SPEC: 128 MiB in the single-processor machine, 256 MiB in the two-processor one.
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Nintendo
Super Nintendo video RAM
64 KiB of writable memory attached to the picture processors.
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Nintendo
Super Nintendo work RAM
128 KiB writable work RAM.
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Valve · 2022
Valve Steam Deck unified memory
16 GiB of installed LPDDR5.
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Sinclair Research · 1982
ZX Spectrum 48K RAM
48 KiB writable system memory.
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Sinclair Research · 1982
ZX Spectrum ROM
16 KiB read-only Sinclair BASIC firmware.