{ "components": [ { "architecture": "Voodoo", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics", "introducedDate": "1996-11", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "3dfx Interactive", "name": "3dfx Interactive Voodoo (3dfx Voodoo Graphics)", "notes": "A fixed-function raster pipeline: pixel and texel fill rates are applicable, while a general programmable FP32 shader peak is not.", "slug": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics", "sourceIds": [ "3dfx-sst-1-data-book" ], "summary": "3dfx Voodoo Graphics graphics processor, represented by vendor reference-card specifications." }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics-memory", "introducedDate": "1996-11", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "3dfx Interactive", "memoryType": "EDO DRAM", "name": "3dfx Voodoo Graphics frame buffer", "slug": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics-memory", "sourceIds": [ "3dfx-sst-1-data-book" ], "summary": "EDO DRAM on the card itself, split between the frame buffer and texture storage. Voodoo Graphics rendered only 3D and passed 2D through from a separate display adapter, so this memory holds no desktop." }, { "architecture": "ARM2", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "acorn-archimedes-arm2", "instructionSet": "ARM", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "1986", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Acorn Computers", "name": "Acorn ARM2", "slug": "acorn-archimedes-arm2", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "summary": "The three-micrometer ARM2 at the start of the ARM lineage." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "acorn-archimedes-ram", "introducedDate": "1987", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Acorn Computers", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM", "name": "Acorn Archimedes A310 RAM", "slug": "acorn-archimedes-ram", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "summary": "One mebibyte of writable system memory." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "acorn-archimedes-rom", "introducedDate": "1987", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Acorn Computers", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "Acorn Archimedes ROM", "slug": "acorn-archimedes-rom", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "summary": "512 KiB read-only RISC OS firmware." }, { "architecture": "Video and sound controller", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "acorn-archimedes-vidc", "introducedDate": "1987", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Acorn Computers", "name": "Acorn VIDC", "slug": "acorn-archimedes-vidc", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "summary": "The Archimedes video and sound controller." }, { "architecture": "AGC Block II", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "agc-block-ii", "instructionSet": "AGC Block II", "introducedDate": "1966", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "MIT Instrumentation Laboratory / Raytheon", "name": "Apollo Guidance Computer Block II processor", "notes": "The Block II order code has 34 normal instructions against Block I's 11, and multiplication is 2.5 times faster than Block I at the same memory-cycle time. There is no floating-point hardware: the arithmetic unit is an adder with shifting gates.", "slug": "agc-block-ii", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "summary": "A one's-complement fixed-point processor built entirely from a single type of integrated-circuit NOR gate. Its 15 bit word carries a sixteenth parity bit, and every instruction lasts a whole number of 11.7 µs memory cycles." }, { "architecture": "Transformer read-only rope", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "agc-core-rope", "introducedDate": "1966", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "MIT Instrumentation Laboratory / Raytheon", "memoryType": "Core rope (woven transformer read-only memory)", "name": "Apollo Guidance Computer core rope memory", "notes": "Block II raised the rope capacity from Block I's 24 576 words to 36 864 words. Address decoding is built into the wiring, which is why its cycle time is no shorter than the erasable memory's despite being read-only.", "slug": "agc-core-rope", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "summary": "Fixed program storage woven by hand: a wire threading a core stores a one, a wire bypassing it stores a zero. Six modules of 512 cores and 192 sense lines each give 98 304 bit per module." }, { "architecture": "Coincident-current ferrite core", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "agc-erasable-core", "introducedDate": "1966", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "MIT Instrumentation Laboratory / Raytheon", "memoryType": "Coincident-current ferrite core", "name": "Apollo Guidance Computer erasable core memory", "notes": "Shares the fixed memory's 11.7 µs cycle time, which is leisurely for a core array and leaves time between read and write for incrementing and shifting during memory-cycle stealing. Block II doubled the capacity from Block I's 1024 words.", "slug": "agc-erasable-core", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "summary": "The machine's read-write store: a 2048 words coincident-current ferrite core array wired in 32 by 64 planes with no splices in the wires, for reliability." }, { "architecture": "RDNA 3", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "amd-navi31", "introducedDate": "2022-12", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "AMD", "name": "AMD RDNA 3 (AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX)", "notes": "The general-shader FP32 peak is separate from tensor, AI and ray-tracing rates.", "slug": "amd-navi31", "sourceIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-product-specifications" ], "summary": "AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX graphics processor, represented by vendor reference-card specifications." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-memory", "introducedDate": "2022-12", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "AMD", "memoryType": "GDDR6", "name": "AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX frame buffer", "slug": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-memory", "sourceIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-product-specifications" ], "summary": "24 GiB of GDDR6 with 960 GB/s peak bandwidth." }, { "architecture": "Shared 32-bit dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "amiga-1200-chip-ram", "introducedDate": "1992", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Commodore Business Machines", "memoryType": "32-bit dynamic RAM shared between the CPU and the custom chips", "name": "Amiga 1200 Chip memory", "notes": "Shipped as 1 MB on the motherboard, expandable to 2 MB; the service manual records that systems were by then configured with 2 MB as standard. Fast memory, which the custom chips cannot see, is a separate expansion.", "slug": "amiga-1200-chip-ram", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "summary": "Chip memory organized as 256K by 32 bit, reachable by both the 68EC020 and the AGA chipset. Four times the Amiga 500's, and 32 bit wide rather than 16." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "amiga-1200-kickstart-rom", "introducedDate": "1992", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Commodore Business Machines", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "Amiga 1200 Kickstart ROM", "slug": "amiga-1200-kickstart-rom", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "summary": "512 KiB of mask ROM holding Kickstart 3.0, organized as 128K by 32 bit." }, { "architecture": "Shared 32-bit dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "amiga-4000-chip-ram", "introducedDate": "1992", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Commodore Business Machines", "memoryType": "32-bit dynamic RAM shared between the CPU and custom chips", "name": "Amiga 4000 Chip memory", "notes": "The Amiga 4000 User Guide describes one or two MiB Chip RAM configurations. Fast RAM is separate because the custom chips cannot access it.", "slug": "amiga-4000-chip-ram", "sourceIds": [ "commodore-amiga-4000-user-guide" ], "summary": "Memory shared by the Amiga 4000 processor and its AA custom chipset." }, { "architecture": "Shared dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "amiga-500-chip-ram", "introducedDate": "1985", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Commodore-Amiga, Inc.", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM shared between the CPU and the custom chips", "name": "Amiga 500 Chip memory", "notes": "Distinct from Fast memory, which only the CPU can see. This is why an Amiga's chip RAM and its total RAM are different figures answering different questions.", "slug": "amiga-500-chip-ram", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-hardware-reference-manual" ], "summary": "The Amiga 500 Chip memory: 512 KiB both the 68000 and the custom chips can reach. Everything the graphics, audio and disk hardware operates on has to live here, so its size limits what the machine can do without the CPU." }, { "architecture": "Amiga AGA", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "amiga-aga", "introducedDate": "1992", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Commodore Business Machines", "name": "Amiga AGA chipset (Alice, Lisa, Paula)", "notes": "Alice replaces Agnus with a 32 bit memory interface, Lisa replaces Denise with a much wider palette. Paula carries over from the Original Chip Set and is not modeled here, because the catalog records processors, graphics and memory only.", "slug": "amiga-aga", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "summary": "The Advanced Graphics Architecture, called the AA chipset in Commodore's own service documentation: a multichip coprocessor system handling video, graphics, sound and DMA." }, { "architecture": "Amiga OCS", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "amiga-ocs", "introducedDate": "1985", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Commodore-Amiga, Inc.", "name": "Amiga Original Chip Set (Agnus and Denise)", "notes": "Paula, the third custom chip, handles audio and I/O and is not modeled here because the catalog records processors, graphics and memory only. The original Agnus reached 512K of Chip memory; Fat Agnus and later the Enhanced Chip Set raised that to 1 MB and 2 MB.", "slug": "amiga-ocs", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-hardware-reference-manual" ], "summary": "The custom chips that made the Amiga what it was. Agnus holds the blitter and the copper display coprocessor and arbitrates memory; Denise generates the display and the sprites. Both work directly on Chip memory without involving the CPU." }, { "architecture": "Gate array", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "amstrad-cpc464-gate-array", "introducedDate": "1984", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Amstrad", "name": "Amstrad CPC gate array", "slug": "amstrad-cpc464-gate-array", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "summary": "Display control and palette logic paired with the CRTC." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "amstrad-cpc464-ram", "introducedDate": "1984", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Amstrad", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM", "name": "Amstrad CPC 464 RAM", "slug": "amstrad-cpc464-ram", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "summary": "64 KiB writable system memory." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "amstrad-cpc464-rom", "introducedDate": "1984", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Amstrad", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "Amstrad CPC 464 ROM", "slug": "amstrad-cpc464-rom", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "summary": "32 KiB read-only firmware holding AMSDOS and Locomotive BASIC." }, { "architecture": "Z80", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "amstrad-cpc464-z80a", "instructionSet": "Zilog Z80", "introducedDate": "1976", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Zilog", "name": "Zilog Z80A", "slug": "amstrad-cpc464-z80a", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "summary": "Four-megahertz main processor in the Amstrad CPC 464." }, { "architecture": "MOS 6502", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-ii-6502", "instructionSet": "MOS 6502", "instructionSetFamily": "mos-6502", "introducedDate": "1975", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "MOS Technology", "name": "MOS Technology 6502", "slug": "apple-ii-6502", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "summary": "Eight-bit 6502 used as the Apple II's main processor." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-ii-ram", "introducedDate": "1977", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple Computer", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM", "name": "Apple II system RAM", "slug": "apple-ii-ram", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "summary": "Writable motherboard RAM whose fitted capacity depends on the purchased Apple II configuration." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-ii-rom", "introducedDate": "1977", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple Computer", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "Apple II firmware ROM", "slug": "apple-ii-rom", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "summary": "Read-only monitor and Integer BASIC firmware." }, { "architecture": "Discrete TTL video logic", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-ii-video", "introducedDate": "1977", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple Computer", "name": "Apple II video generator", "slug": "apple-ii-video", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "summary": "Timing and display logic coupled to the Apple II's system clock." }, { "architecture": "Apple A14 Bionic", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-12-cpu", "instructionSet": "Arm64", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2020", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 12 CPU", "notes": "Apple identifies the chip but does not publish its operating clock in the cited technical specification.", "slug": "apple-iphone-12-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-12-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The processor section of the Apple iPhone 12 system-on-chip." }, { "architecture": "Apple-designed four-core GPU", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-12-gpu", "introducedDate": "2020", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 12 GPU", "notes": "The cited Apple specification identifies the graphics configuration only where Apple chose to disclose it; it supplies no graphics clock or FP32 peak.", "slug": "apple-iphone-12-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-12-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The graphics section integrated with the processor in Apple iPhone 12." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-12-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple", "memoryType": "Unified mobile DRAM", "name": "Apple iPhone 12 unified memory", "notes": "Flash storage is a separate medium and is not a substitute for working memory.", "slug": "apple-iphone-12-memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-12-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 12; Apple does not state its installed capacity." }, { "architecture": "Apple A17 Pro", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro-cpu", "instructionSet": "Arm64", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2023", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 15 Pro CPU", "notes": "Apple identifies the chip but does not publish its operating clock in the cited technical specification.", "slug": "apple-iphone-15-pro-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-15-pro-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The processor section of the Apple iPhone 15 Pro system-on-chip." }, { "architecture": "Apple-designed six-core GPU", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro-gpu", "introducedDate": "2023", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 15 Pro GPU", "notes": "The cited Apple specification identifies the graphics configuration only where Apple chose to disclose it; it supplies no graphics clock or FP32 peak.", "slug": "apple-iphone-15-pro-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-15-pro-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The graphics section integrated with the processor in Apple iPhone 15 Pro." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple", "memoryType": "Unified mobile DRAM", "name": "Apple iPhone 15 Pro unified memory", "notes": "Flash storage is a separate medium and is not a substitute for working memory.", "slug": "apple-iphone-15-pro-memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-15-pro-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 15 Pro; Apple does not state its installed capacity." }, { "architecture": "Apple A19", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-17-cpu", "instructionSet": "Arm64", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2025", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 17 CPU", "notes": "Apple identifies the A19 and its CPU-core arrangement, but does not publish its operating clock.", "slug": "apple-iphone-17-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The processor section of the Apple A19 system-on-chip in iPhone 17." }, { "architecture": "Apple-designed five-core GPU", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-17-gpu", "introducedDate": "2025", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 17 GPU", "notes": "Apple identifies the graphics-core count but does not publish a graphics clock or a standalone FP32 peak.", "slug": "apple-iphone-17-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The graphics section integrated with the Apple A19 in iPhone 17." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-17-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple", "memoryType": "Unified mobile DRAM", "name": "Apple iPhone 17 unified memory", "notes": "Flash storage is a separate medium and is not a substitute for working memory.", "slug": "apple-iphone-17-memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-tech-specs", "notebookcheck-apple-a19" ], "summary": "The working-memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 17." }, { "architecture": "Apple A19 Pro", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro-cpu", "instructionSet": "Arm64", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2025", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 17 Pro CPU", "notes": "Apple identifies the chip but does not publish its operating clock in the cited technical specification.", "slug": "apple-iphone-17-pro-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-pro-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The processor section of the Apple iPhone 17 Pro system-on-chip." }, { "architecture": "Apple-designed six-core GPU", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro-gpu", "introducedDate": "2025", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 17 Pro GPU", "notes": "The cited Apple specification identifies the graphics configuration only where Apple chose to disclose it; it supplies no graphics clock or FP32 peak.", "slug": "apple-iphone-17-pro-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-pro-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The graphics section integrated with the processor in Apple iPhone 17 Pro." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple", "memoryType": "Unified mobile DRAM", "name": "Apple iPhone 17 Pro unified memory", "notes": "Flash storage is a separate medium and is not a substitute for working memory.", "slug": "apple-iphone-17-pro-memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-pro-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 17 Pro; Apple does not state its installed capacity." }, { "architecture": "S5PC100", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-3gs-cpu", "instructionSet": "Armv7-A", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2009", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 3GS CPU", "notes": "Apple identifies the chip but does not publish its operating clock in the cited technical specification.", "slug": "apple-iphone-3gs-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs-tech-specs", "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "summary": "The processor section of the Apple iPhone 3GS system-on-chip." }, { "architecture": "PowerVR SGX535", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-3gs-gpu", "introducedDate": "2009", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 3GS GPU", "notes": "The cited Apple specification identifies the graphics configuration only where Apple chose to disclose it; it supplies no graphics clock or FP32 peak.", "slug": "apple-iphone-3gs-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs-tech-specs", "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "summary": "The graphics section integrated with the processor in Apple iPhone 3GS." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-3gs-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple", "memoryType": "Unified mobile DRAM", "name": "Apple iPhone 3GS unified memory", "notes": "Flash storage is a separate medium and is not a substitute for working memory.", "slug": "apple-iphone-3gs-memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs-tech-specs", "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "summary": "The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 3GS; Apple does not state its installed capacity." }, { "architecture": "Apple A4", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-4-cpu", "instructionSet": "Armv7-A", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2010", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 4 CPU", "notes": "Apple identifies the chip but does not publish its operating clock in the cited technical specification.", "slug": "apple-iphone-4-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The processor section of the Apple iPhone 4 system-on-chip." }, { "architecture": "PowerVR SGX535", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-4-gpu", "introducedDate": "2010", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 4 GPU", "notes": "The cited Apple specification identifies the graphics configuration only where Apple chose to disclose it; it supplies no graphics clock or FP32 peak.", "slug": "apple-iphone-4-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The graphics section integrated with the processor in Apple iPhone 4." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-4-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple", "memoryType": "Unified mobile DRAM", "name": "Apple iPhone 4 unified memory", "notes": "Flash storage is a separate medium and is not a substitute for working memory.", "slug": "apple-iphone-4-memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 4; Apple does not state its installed capacity." }, { "architecture": "Apple A7", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-5s-cpu", "instructionSet": "Arm64", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2013", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 5s CPU", "notes": "Apple identifies the chip but does not publish its operating clock in the cited technical specification.", "slug": "apple-iphone-5s-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The processor section of the Apple iPhone 5s system-on-chip." }, { "architecture": "PowerVR G6430", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-5s-gpu", "introducedDate": "2013", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 5s GPU", "notes": "The cited Apple specification identifies the graphics configuration only where Apple chose to disclose it; it supplies no graphics clock or FP32 peak.", "slug": "apple-iphone-5s-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The graphics section integrated with the processor in Apple iPhone 5s." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-5s-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple", "memoryType": "Unified mobile DRAM", "name": "Apple iPhone 5s unified memory", "notes": "Flash storage is a separate medium and is not a substitute for working memory.", "slug": "apple-iphone-5s-memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 5s; Apple does not state its installed capacity." }, { "architecture": "Apple A9", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-6s-cpu", "instructionSet": "Arm64", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2015", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 6s CPU", "notes": "Apple identifies the chip but does not publish its operating clock in the cited technical specification.", "slug": "apple-iphone-6s-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The processor section of the Apple iPhone 6s system-on-chip." }, { "architecture": "PowerVR Series7XT GT7600", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-6s-gpu", "introducedDate": "2015", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 6s GPU", "notes": "The cited Apple specification identifies the graphics configuration only where Apple chose to disclose it; it supplies no graphics clock or FP32 peak.", "slug": "apple-iphone-6s-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The graphics section integrated with the processor in Apple iPhone 6s." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-6s-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple", "memoryType": "Unified mobile DRAM", "name": "Apple iPhone 6s unified memory", "notes": "Flash storage is a separate medium and is not a substitute for working memory.", "slug": "apple-iphone-6s-memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone 6s; Apple does not state its installed capacity." }, { "architecture": "Apple A11 Bionic", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-x-cpu", "instructionSet": "Arm64", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2017", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone X CPU", "notes": "Apple identifies the chip but does not publish its operating clock in the cited technical specification.", "slug": "apple-iphone-x-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The processor section of the Apple iPhone X system-on-chip." }, { "architecture": "Apple-designed three-core GPU", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-x-gpu", "introducedDate": "2017", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone X GPU", "notes": "The cited Apple specification identifies the graphics configuration only where Apple chose to disclose it; it supplies no graphics clock or FP32 peak.", "slug": "apple-iphone-x-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The graphics section integrated with the processor in Apple iPhone X." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-iphone-x-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple", "memoryType": "Unified mobile DRAM", "name": "Apple iPhone X unified memory", "notes": "Flash storage is a separate medium and is not a substitute for working memory.", "slug": "apple-iphone-x-memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The working memory pool used by the Apple iPhone X; Apple does not state its installed capacity." }, { "architecture": "Arm64, four performance cores and four efficiency cores", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-m1", "instructionSet": "Arm64", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2020-11", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple M1", "notes": "The 8 cores are four performance cores and four efficiency cores, so \"eight cores\" describes two different things counted together and no per-core figure would mean the same for both halves. The transistor count and the process node are recorded here because the catalog's metrics allow only `cpu` and `gpu` scope for them, but they belong to the whole die, graphics and neural engine included; both figures say so in their caveats.", "slug": "apple-m1", "sourceIds": [ "apple-m1-announcement-2020", "apple-mac-mini-m1-tech-specs" ], "summary": "16 000 000 000 transistors on a 5 nm die carrying processor cores, graphics cores, a neural engine and a memory controller. Apple's description states no clock frequency." }, { "architecture": "Apple integrated graphics", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-m1-gpu", "introducedDate": "2020-11", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple M1 GPU", "notes": "Apple's phrase is \"the GPU in M1\", so this is a section of a die rather than a separate part; it is a component of its own here because the catalog's kinds are `cpu`, `gpu` and `memory` and one record cannot carry both a core count and a graphics-core count.", "slug": "apple-m1-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-m1-announcement-2020", "apple-mac-mini-m1-tech-specs" ], "summary": "Eight graphics cores on the M1 die, rated by Apple at 2.6 TFLOP/s of throughput and sharing the processor's memory rather than owning any." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-m1-unified-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple", "memoryType": "Unified memory, in package", "name": "Apple M1 unified memory", "notes": "Fitted at manufacture and not expandable, so the capacity is a property of the machine bought rather than of the machine owned. That is why it is recorded per configuration rather than once for the model.", "slug": "apple-m1-unified-memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-m1-announcement-2020", "apple-mac-mini-m1-tech-specs" ], "summary": "One pool of memory inside the M1 package, addressed by the processor cores, the graphics cores and the neural engine alike." }, { "architecture": "Apple M4", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-m4-cpu", "instructionSet": "Arm64", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2024-11", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple M4 CPU", "slug": "apple-m4-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m4-tech-specs" ], "summary": "Four performance and six efficiency cores in Apple’s M4." }, { "architecture": "Apple integrated graphics", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-m4-gpu", "introducedDate": "2024-11", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple M4 GPU", "slug": "apple-m4-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m4-tech-specs" ], "summary": "Ten graphics cores in the baseline M4 Mac mini." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-m4-unified-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple", "memoryType": "Unified memory, in package", "name": "Apple M4 unified memory", "slug": "apple-m4-unified-memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m4-tech-specs" ], "summary": "One memory pool shared by the M4 processor and graphics cores." }, { "architecture": "MOS 6502", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-2600-6507", "instructionSet": "MOS 6502", "instructionSetFamily": "mos-6502", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "MOS Technology", "name": "MOS Technology 6507", "slug": "atari-2600-6507", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide" ], "summary": "Cost-reduced 6502 with a thirteen-bit address bus." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM cartridge", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-2600-cartridge", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Atari", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "Atari 2600 launch cartridge", "slug": "atari-2600-cartridge", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide" ], "summary": "Removable 2 KiB program cartridge, recorded as storage rather than system memory." }, { "architecture": "Static RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-2600-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Atari", "memoryType": "Static RAM", "name": "Atari 2600 RIOT RAM", "slug": "atari-2600-ram", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide" ], "summary": "128 B of writable scratch memory." }, { "architecture": "Sprite and playfield generator", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-2600-tia", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Atari", "name": "Television Interface Adapter", "slug": "atari-2600-tia", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide" ], "summary": "Scanline-driven display and audio controller without a frame buffer." }, { "architecture": "Motorola 68000", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-520st-68000", "instructionSet": "Motorola 68000", "instructionSetFamily": "motorola-68000", "introducedDate": "1979", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Motorola", "name": "Motorola 68000", "slug": "atari-520st-68000", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "summary": "Eight-megahertz 68000 main processor in the Atari 520ST." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-520st-ram", "introducedDate": "1985", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Atari", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM", "name": "Atari 520ST RAM", "slug": "atari-520st-ram", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "summary": "512 KiB writable system memory." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-520st-rom", "introducedDate": "1985", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Atari", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "Atari 520ST TOS ROM", "slug": "atari-520st-rom", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "summary": "192 KiB read-only TOS firmware." }, { "architecture": "Video shifter", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-520st-shifter", "introducedDate": "1985", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Atari", "name": "Atari ST SHIFTER", "slug": "atari-520st-shifter", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "summary": "Display subsystem that reads the Atari ST framebuffer." }, { "architecture": "MOS 6502", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-800-6502", "instructionSet": "MOS 6502", "instructionSetFamily": "mos-6502", "introducedDate": "1975", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "MOS Technology", "name": "MOS Technology 6502", "slug": "atari-800-6502", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "summary": "Eight-bit processor whose clock follows the Atari 800's television standard." }, { "architecture": "Display-list and television-interface chips", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-800-antic-gtia", "introducedDate": "1979", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Atari", "name": "ANTIC and GTIA", "slug": "atari-800-antic-gtia", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "summary": "The Atari 800 display subsystem, split across ANTIC and GTIA." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-800-ram", "introducedDate": "1979", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Atari", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM", "name": "Atari 800 system RAM", "slug": "atari-800-ram", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "summary": "Writable RAM in the selected 48 KiB Atari 800 configuration." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-800-rom", "introducedDate": "1979", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Atari", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "Atari 800 firmware ROM", "slug": "atari-800-rom", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "summary": "Read-only operating-system firmware mapped into the Atari 800 address space." }, { "architecture": "R300", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ati-r300", "introducedDate": "2002-08", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "ATI Technologies", "name": "ATI Technologies R300 (ATI Radeon 9700 Pro)", "notes": "Programmable shading hardware, but no cited vendor FP32 peak in FLOP/s.", "slug": "ati-r300", "sourceIds": [ "ati-radeon-9700-pro-product-brief" ], "summary": "ATI Radeon 9700 Pro graphics processor, represented by vendor reference-card specifications." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ati-radeon-9700-pro-memory", "introducedDate": "2002-08", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "ATI Technologies", "memoryType": "DDR SDRAM", "name": "ATI Radeon 9700 Pro frame buffer", "slug": "ati-radeon-9700-pro-memory", "sourceIds": [ "ati-radeon-9700-pro-product-brief" ], "summary": "128 MiB of DDR SDRAM with 19.8 GB/s peak bandwidth." }, { "architecture": "MOS 6502", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "bbc-micro-6502", "instructionSet": "MOS 6502", "instructionSetFamily": "mos-6502", "introducedDate": "1975", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "MOS Technology", "name": "MOS Technology 6502", "slug": "bbc-micro-6502", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual", "bbc-micro-information-sheet" ], "summary": "A 6502-compatible main processor used in the BBC Micro Model B." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "bbc-micro-ram", "introducedDate": "1981", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Acorn Computers", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM", "name": "BBC Micro Model B RAM", "slug": "bbc-micro-ram", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual", "bbc-micro-information-sheet" ], "summary": "32 KiB writable system memory." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "bbc-micro-rom", "introducedDate": "1981", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Acorn Computers", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "BBC Micro Model B ROM", "slug": "bbc-micro-rom", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual", "bbc-micro-information-sheet" ], "summary": "32 KiB of read-only MOS and BASIC firmware." }, { "architecture": "Uncommitted logic array", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "bbc-micro-video-ula", "introducedDate": "1981", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Acorn Computers", "name": "BBC Micro Video ULA", "slug": "bbc-micro-video-ula", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual" ], "summary": "Display timing and palette logic programmed by the 6502." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "c64-system-ram", "introducedDate": "1982", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Commodore Business Machines", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM", "name": "Commodore 64 system RAM", "slug": "c64-system-ram", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "summary": "64 KiB of dynamic RAM filling the entire sixteen-bit address space, with ROM and I/O banked over the top of it rather than beside it." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "c64-system-rom", "introducedDate": "1982", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Commodore Business Machines", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "Commodore 64 system ROM", "notes": "Banked into the same address space as the RAM, so the ROM and RAM capacities describe overlapping address ranges and must never be added together into a single memory figure.", "slug": "c64-system-rom", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "summary": "20 KiB of mask ROM holding BASIC, the KERNAL operating system and the standard character set." }, { "architecture": "SDRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "dreamcast-audio-ram", "introducedDate": "1998", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "SEGA Enterprises", "memoryType": "SDRAM attached to AICA", "name": "Dreamcast audio memory", "notes": "Recorded because it completes the console's memory topology. AICA itself is a sound processor and is not modeled as a component; the catalog records processors, graphics and memory.", "slug": "dreamcast-audio-ram", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "summary": "A third pool, independent of both main and texture memory: 2 MiB belonging to the AICA audio chip." }, { "architecture": "PowerVR2", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "dreamcast-holly", "introducedDate": "1998", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NEC / VideoLogic", "name": "NEC HOLLY (PowerVR2)", "notes": "It reads a display list the SH-4 builds in main memory and draws from its own texture pool, so the two chips do not contend for one memory the way the Nintendo 64's do. Sega quotes 3 million polygons per second at peak and 1.5 million visible; neither is recorded as a measurement, because the catalog has no polygon-rate metric and inventing one for a single record would leave it uncomparable with everything else.", "slug": "dreamcast-holly", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "summary": "The Dreamcast's image-drawing VLSI at 100 MHz, built around a PowerVR2 core with its own texture memory." }, { "architecture": "SDRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "dreamcast-main-ram", "introducedDate": "1998", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "SEGA Enterprises", "memoryType": "SDRAM", "name": "Dreamcast main memory", "notes": "Explicitly not shared with texture or audio data. Development hardware could carry 32 MiB; the retail figure is 16.", "slug": "dreamcast-main-ram", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "summary": "16 MiB of SDRAM connected directly to the SH-4 across a 64 bit bus at 100 MHz, holding game state and the display lists the graphics chip reads." }, { "architecture": "Graphics SDRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "dreamcast-texture-ram", "introducedDate": "1998", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "SEGA Enterprises", "memoryType": "SDRAM attached to HOLLY", "name": "Dreamcast texture memory", "notes": "Separate from main memory, so texture budget and game-state budget are independent. Development hardware could carry 16 MiB.", "slug": "dreamcast-texture-ram", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "summary": "8 MiB of memory belonging to the graphics chip, holding textures and frame buffers." }, { "architecture": "LR35902", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "game-boy-lr35902", "instructionSet": "LR35902", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Sharp", "name": "Sharp LR35902", "slug": "game-boy-lr35902", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "summary": "The original Game Boy's CPU." }, { "architecture": "Tile and sprite LCD controller", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "game-boy-ppu", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Game Boy LCD controller", "slug": "game-boy-ppu", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "summary": "The monochrome Game Boy tile and sprite display controller." }, { "architecture": "Static RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "game-boy-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "Static RAM", "name": "Game Boy work RAM", "slug": "game-boy-ram", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "summary": "8 KiB writable work RAM." }, { "architecture": "ARM7TDMI", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "gba-arm7tdmi", "instructionSet": "ARMv4T", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "ARM", "name": "ARM7TDMI", "slug": "gba-arm7tdmi", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual" ], "summary": "The Game Boy Advance main processor." }, { "architecture": "Tile, sprite and bitmap graphics engine", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "gba-ppu", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Game Boy Advance PPU", "slug": "gba-ppu", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual" ], "summary": "The Game Boy Advance graphics engine, primarily a tile and sprite unit." }, { "architecture": "EWRAM and IWRAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "gba-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "Static RAM", "name": "Game Boy Advance writable RAM", "slug": "gba-ram", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual" ], "summary": "288 KiB total writable main and internal work RAM." }, { "architecture": "Video RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "gba-video-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "Video RAM inside the system on a chip", "name": "Game Boy Advance video RAM", "slug": "gba-video-ram", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual" ], "summary": "98 KiB of memory the picture processor draws from, counted with the object attribute and palette memory beside it." }, { "architecture": "SuperH SH-4", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "hitachi-sh4", "instructionSet": "SuperH SH-4", "instructionSetFamily": "superh", "introducedDate": "1998", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Hitachi", "name": "Hitachi SH-4", "notes": "The first processor in this catalog with floating-point hardware whose vendor also publishes a rate for it. Its 16 bit instruction encoding on a 32 bit core is a code-density decision, not a word-size one. Internal clock is 200 MHz against a 100 MHz external bus and a 50 MHz peripheral clock, all derived from a 33.3 MHz PLL output.", "slug": "hitachi-sh4", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "summary": "A superscalar 32 bit RISC core with 16 bit instructions, a five-stage pipeline and an IEEE 754 floating-point unit doing single and double precision." }, { "architecture": "x86", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ibm-pc-5150-8088", "instructionSet": "Intel 8086", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "1979", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel 8088", "slug": "ibm-pc-5150-8088", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "summary": "Sixteen-bit x86 core with an eight-bit external data bus." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ibm-pc-5150-ram", "introducedDate": "1981", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "IBM", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM", "name": "IBM PC 5150 system RAM", "slug": "ibm-pc-5150-ram", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "summary": "Writable RAM in the original 16 KiB base configuration." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ibm-pc-5150-rom", "introducedDate": "1981", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "IBM", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "IBM PC 5150 firmware ROM", "slug": "ibm-pc-5150-rom", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "summary": "Read-only BIOS and Cassette BASIC firmware." }, { "architecture": "MDA or CGA option", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ibm-pc-5150-video", "introducedDate": "1981", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "IBM", "name": "IBM PC display adapter", "slug": "ibm-pc-5150-video", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "summary": "A period display adapter; the base 5150 did not have one fixed graphics chip." }, { "architecture": "80286", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "intel-80286", "instructionSet": "Intel 80286", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "1982-02", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel 80286", "slug": "intel-80286", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation", "intel-80286-80287-programmers-reference-manual" ], "summary": "The protected-mode 16 bit successor to the 8086, normally paired with an optional 80287 floating-point coprocessor." }, { "architecture": "80386", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "intel-80386dx", "instructionSet": "Intel 80386", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "1985-10", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel 80386DX", "slug": "intel-80386dx", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "The full-bus 32 bit 80386, adding 32 bit registers, paging and a 32 bit external data path to x86 PCs." }, { "architecture": "80486", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "intel-80486dx", "instructionSet": "Intel 80486", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "1989-04", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel 80486DX", "slug": "intel-80486dx", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "A 32 bit x86 processor integrating an x87 floating-point unit and an on-chip cache in the DX variant." }, { "architecture": "8086", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "intel-8086", "instructionSet": "Intel 8086", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "1978-06", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel 8086", "slug": "intel-8086", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "The original 16 bit x86 processor, with a 20 bit address bus and a separate 8087 coprocessor option." }, { "architecture": "Core", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600", "instructionSet": "Intel 64", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "2006-07", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel Core 2 Duo E6600", "slug": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "A 2-core 64 bit Core 2 desktop processor rated at 2.40 GHz, chosen as the first Core-era desktop point in the line." }, { "architecture": "Sandy Bridge", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k", "instructionSet": "Intel 64", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "2011-01", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel Core i7-2600K", "slug": "intel-core-i7-2600k", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k-specifications" ], "summary": "A 4-core, 8-thread Sandy Bridge desktop processor with a 3.40 GHz base frequency and 3.80 GHz Turbo Boost maximum." }, { "architecture": "Raptor Lake Refresh", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k", "instructionSet": "Intel 64", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "2023-10", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel Core i9-14900K", "notes": "The 2 core types have separate base and turbo frequencies. This catalog's single base and peak CPU rows describe the performance-core figures and say so in their conditions; they must not be read as a frequency of all 24 cores.", "slug": "intel-core-i9-14900k", "sourceIds": [ "intel-desktop-processor-reference" ], "summary": "An eight-performance-core plus sixteen-efficiency-core desktop processor, with 125 W processor base power and up to 253 W maximum turbo power." }, { "architecture": "Integrated graphics", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "intel-integrated-graphics", "introducedDate": "2006", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel integrated processor graphics", "notes": "The three generations have different graphics implementations and dynamic clocks. This deliberately broad component represents the fitted graphics role while the system notes preserve the generation-specific configuration; no comparable single clock is asserted for it.", "slug": "intel-integrated-graphics", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k-specifications", "intel-core-i9-14900k-specifications" ], "summary": "Integrated graphics fitted to the representative Core 2, Sandy Bridge and Raptor Lake desktop configurations." }, { "architecture": "P5", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "intel-pentium", "instructionSet": "IA-32", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "1993-03", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel Pentium", "slug": "intel-pentium", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "The first Intel processor sold as Pentium, a superscalar 32 bit x86 design with integrated floating-point hardware." }, { "architecture": "NetBurst", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "intel-pentium-4", "instructionSet": "IA-32 with SSE2", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "2000-11", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel Pentium 4", "slug": "intel-pentium-4", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "Intel's NetBurst desktop processor, selected here in its 3.0 GHz single-core configuration." }, { "architecture": "P6", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "intel-pentium-ii", "instructionSet": "IA-32 with MMX", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "1997-05", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel Pentium II", "slug": "intel-pentium-ii", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "The P6-generation successor to Pentium, packaged in a Slot 1 cartridge with external level-two cache." }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "iphone-dram", "introducedDate": "2007", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Samsung", "memoryType": "DDR SDRAM", "name": "Apple iPhone system-on-chip memory", "notes": "This is the memory the machine runs in, and it is not the number on the box: the phone was sold as a 4 GB and an 8 GB model, and both of those are flash storage. Keeping them apart is why the catalog has a storage metric at all.", "slug": "iphone-dram", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "summary": "128 mebibytes on the same package as the processor and the graphics core, shared by both. One pool, and the smaller of the two capacities the phone is sold by." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "iphone-flash", "introducedDate": "2007", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple (system)", "memoryType": "NAND flash", "name": "Apple iPhone flash storage", "notes": "Apple names the capacity and not the supplier, so the manufacturer is recorded as the firm that fitted it. Fitted in the `storage` role rather than as system memory: it is a different quantity from the 128 MiB the machine actually runs in, and the whole point of recording both is that a reader can see the difference.", "slug": "iphone-flash", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-retail-launch-2007", "apple-iphone-announcement-2007" ], "summary": "The four or eight gigabytes the phone was sold by, where programs and music are kept, not where they run." }, { "architecture": "PowerVR MBX", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "iphone-mbx-lite", "introducedDate": "2007", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Imagination Technologies", "name": "PowerVR MBX Lite (iPhone)", "notes": "The independent analysis that established the processor's clock says outright that it does not have this core's, and guesses. A guess is not a figure, so the graphics clock is recorded as unknown and the guess is quoted only as evidence that the absence is real.", "slug": "iphone-mbx-lite", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "summary": "The phone's graphics core, on the same package as the processor and the memory, and the one part of the machine for which nobody has published a frequency at all." }, { "architecture": "ARM11", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "iphone-s5l8900", "instructionSet": "ARM1176JZF-S", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2007", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Samsung / Apple (system)", "name": "Apple iPhone system-on-chip (CPU section)", "notes": "Apple published nothing about this processor: not the maker, not the core, not the frequency, not even that the phone had one. Everything recorded here comes from an independent analysis written two years later, which is also why the frequency is provisional rather than approved. The record is split into a processor and a graphics part in the same way the PlayStation 4's single chip is, because a component record carries one kind.", "slug": "iphone-s5l8900", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "summary": "One ARM1176JZF-S core running at 412 MHz; the core could reach 667 MHz, and Apple set it lower because the machine it sits in runs on a battery." }, { "architecture": "LVDC", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "lvdc", "instructionSet": "LVDC", "introducedDate": "1966", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "IBM Federal Systems Division", "name": "Saturn Launch Vehicle Digital Computer", "notes": "The 26 bit data word is 25 magnitude bits plus a sign bit; two further parity bits bring the 28 bit memory word. Two instructions fit in one memory word. Being serial, it clocks four times per bit, giving 512 kilobits per second from a 2.048 MHz clock. Triple modular redundancy divides each of three identical logic channels into seven voted modules.", "slug": "lvdc", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "summary": "A stored-program, general-purpose, serial, fixed-point binary computer built from triple-redundant logic, with ultrasonic glass delay lines standing in for arithmetic registers. It flew the Saturn launch vehicle from lift-off to orbit." }, { "architecture": "Random-access toroidal core", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "lvdc-core-memory", "introducedDate": "1966", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "IBM Federal Systems Division", "memoryType": "Random-access toroidal magnetic core", "name": "Saturn LVDC toroidal core memory module", "notes": "Between one and eight modules could be fitted. Eight in simplex give the maximum 32 768 words capacity; running them in duplex trades half the capacity for redundancy.", "slug": "lvdc-core-memory", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "summary": "One memory module: fourteen 128 by 64 magnetic core planes with their drive and sensing circuits, holding 4096 non-redundant 28 bit words." }, { "architecture": "Motorola 68000", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "macintosh-128k-68000", "instructionSet": "Motorola 68000", "instructionSetFamily": "motorola-68000", "introducedDate": "1979", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Motorola", "name": "Motorola 68000", "slug": "macintosh-128k-68000", "sourceIds": [ "macintosh-128k-technical-reference" ], "summary": "The original Macintosh's 68000 main processor." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "macintosh-128k-ram", "introducedDate": "1984", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple Computer", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM", "name": "Macintosh 128K RAM", "slug": "macintosh-128k-ram", "sourceIds": [ "macintosh-128k-technical-reference" ], "summary": "128 KiB writable memory shared with the display." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "macintosh-128k-rom", "introducedDate": "1984", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Apple Computer", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "Macintosh 128K ROM", "slug": "macintosh-128k-rom", "sourceIds": [ "macintosh-128k-technical-reference" ], "summary": "64 KiB read-only Macintosh Toolbox firmware." }, { "architecture": "Integrated monochrome display logic", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "macintosh-128k-video", "introducedDate": "1984", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Apple Computer", "name": "Macintosh video subsystem", "slug": "macintosh-128k-video", "sourceIds": [ "macintosh-128k-technical-reference" ], "summary": "Integrated monochrome display hardware sharing system memory." }, { "architecture": "Static RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "master-system-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sega", "memoryType": "Static RAM", "name": "Sega Master System RAM", "slug": "master-system-ram", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual" ], "summary": "8 KiB writable work RAM." }, { "architecture": "Tile and sprite video display processor", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "master-system-vdp", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Sega", "name": "Sega 315-5124 VDP", "slug": "master-system-vdp", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual" ], "summary": "The Master System tile and sprite display processor." }, { "architecture": "Video RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "master-system-video-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sega", "memoryType": "Video RAM attached to the VDP", "name": "Sega Master System video RAM", "slug": "master-system-video-ram", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual" ], "summary": "16 KiB of memory attached to the video display processor, holding tiles, sprite tables and the name table." }, { "architecture": "Z80", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "master-system-z80", "instructionSet": "Zilog Z80", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Zilog", "name": "Zilog Z80", "slug": "master-system-z80", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual" ], "summary": "The Master System main processor." }, { "architecture": "Motorola 68000", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "mega-drive-68000", "instructionSet": "Motorola 68000", "instructionSetFamily": "motorola-68000", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Motorola", "name": "Motorola 68000", "slug": "mega-drive-68000", "sourceIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-service-manual" ], "summary": "The Mega Drive's main processor; its audio Z80 is modeled as a separate role in the prose, not a summed clock." }, { "architecture": "Static RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "mega-drive-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sega", "memoryType": "Static RAM", "name": "Sega Mega Drive RAM", "slug": "mega-drive-ram", "sourceIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-service-manual" ], "summary": "64 KiB writable main RAM." }, { "architecture": "Tile and sprite video display processor", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "mega-drive-vdp", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Sega", "name": "Sega Mega Drive VDP", "slug": "mega-drive-vdp", "sourceIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-service-manual" ], "summary": "The Mega Drive tile and sprite graphics processor." }, { "architecture": "GDDR3", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "microsoft-xbox-360-ram", "introducedDate": "2005", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Microsoft", "memoryType": "GDDR3", "name": "Microsoft Xbox 360 unified memory", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-360-ram", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360-hardware-overview" ], "summary": "512 MiB of installed GDDR3." }, { "architecture": "PowerPC-derived", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "microsoft-xbox-360-xenon", "instructionSet": "PowerPC", "instructionSetFamily": "power", "introducedDate": "2005", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "IBM", "name": "IBM Xenon", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-360-xenon", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360-hardware-overview" ], "summary": "The Microsoft Xbox 360 main processor." }, { "architecture": "Xenos", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "microsoft-xbox-360-xenos", "introducedDate": "2005", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "ATI", "name": "ATI Xenos", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-360-xenos", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360-hardware-overview" ], "summary": "The graphics processor fitted to the Microsoft Xbox 360." }, { "architecture": "NV2A", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "microsoft-xbox-nv2a", "introducedDate": "2001", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA NV2A", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-nv2a", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-hardware-specification" ], "summary": "The graphics processor fitted to the Microsoft Xbox." }, { "architecture": "GCN", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "microsoft-xbox-one-gpu", "introducedDate": "2013", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "AMD / Microsoft", "name": "AMD Xbox One GPU", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-one-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-xbox-one-clocks-2013", "computerbase-xbox-one-test" ], "summary": "The graphics processor fitted to the Microsoft Xbox One." }, { "architecture": "Jaguar", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "microsoft-xbox-one-jaguar", "instructionSet": "x86-64", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "2013", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "AMD", "name": "AMD Jaguar", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-one-jaguar", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-xbox-one-clocks-2013", "computerbase-xbox-one-test" ], "summary": "The Microsoft Xbox One main processor." }, { "architecture": "DDR3", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "microsoft-xbox-one-ram", "introducedDate": "2013", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Microsoft", "memoryType": "DDR3", "name": "Microsoft Xbox One unified memory", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-one-ram", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-xbox-one-clocks-2013", "computerbase-xbox-one-test" ], "summary": "8 GiB of installed DDR3." }, { "architecture": "Pentium III (Coppermine)", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "microsoft-xbox-pentium-iii", "instructionSet": "IA-32", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "2001", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Intel", "name": "Intel Pentium III", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-pentium-iii", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-hardware-specification" ], "summary": "The Microsoft Xbox main processor." }, { "architecture": "DDR SDRAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "microsoft-xbox-ram", "introducedDate": "2001", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Microsoft", "memoryType": "DDR SDRAM", "name": "Microsoft Xbox unified memory", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-ram", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-hardware-specification" ], "summary": "64 MiB of installed DDR SDRAM." }, { "architecture": "GDDR6", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x-ram", "introducedDate": "2020", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Microsoft", "memoryType": "GDDR6", "name": "Microsoft Xbox Series X unified memory", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-series-x-ram", "sourceIds": [ "xbox-wire-series-x-tech-2020" ], "summary": "16 GiB of installed GDDR6." }, { "architecture": "RDNA 2", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x-rdna2", "introducedDate": "2020", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "AMD / Microsoft", "name": "AMD Xbox Series X GPU", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-series-x-rdna2", "sourceIds": [ "xbox-wire-series-x-tech-2020" ], "summary": "The graphics processor fitted to the Microsoft Xbox Series X." }, { "architecture": "Zen 2", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x-zen-2", "instructionSet": "x86-64", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "2020", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "AMD", "name": "AMD Zen 2", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-series-x-zen-2", "sourceIds": [ "xbox-wire-series-x-tech-2020" ], "summary": "The Microsoft Xbox Series X main processor." }, { "architecture": "MIPS IV", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "mips-r10000", "instructionSet": "MIPS IV", "instructionSetFamily": "mips", "introducedDate": "1996", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "MIPS Technologies", "name": "MIPS R10000", "notes": "The SPEC result files list the floating-point unit separately as a \"MIPS R10010 Floating Point Chip\", which is how SGI reported the on-die FPU revision. Caches in the Octane configurations recorded here are 32 kB instruction plus 32 kB data on chip, with 1 MB of unified secondary cache.", "slug": "mips-r10000", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int", "spec-cpu95-octane-fp" ], "summary": "A four-way superscalar, out-of-order 64 bit processor with an on-die floating-point unit. It is the first machine in this catalog where asking for a floating-point rate makes sense at all." }, { "architecture": "MOS 6502", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "mos-6510", "instructionSet": "MOS 6502", "instructionSetFamily": "mos-6502", "introducedDate": "1982", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "MOS Technology", "name": "MOS Technology 6510", "notes": "56 instructions, thirteen addressing modes, decimal and binary arithmetic, an eight-bit data bus and a sixteen-bit address bus. The part is rated for 1 MHz and 2 MHz operation, which is a speed grade rather than the rate any particular machine clocks it at.", "slug": "mos-6510", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "summary": "A 6502 with an on-chip eight-bit bidirectional I/O port. Internally identical to the 6502 for software compatibility; the extra port is what lets the Commodore 64 bank ROM and I/O in and out of a 16 bit address space." }, { "architecture": "VIC-II", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "mos-vic-ii", "introducedDate": "1982", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "MOS Technology", "name": "MOS Technology VIC-II (6566/6567/6569)", "notes": "The 6566 has thirteen fully decoded addresses for a static bus; the 6567 multiplexes them for direct connection to 64K dynamic RAM. The 6569 is the PAL part. Bus mastering during raster fetches steals cycles from the processor, so the two chips share the memory bus rather than running independently.", "slug": "mos-vic-ii", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "summary": "The Commodore 64's video interface chip, and its clock master: the whole machine runs at whatever the video standard divides down to. It generates the display, fetches its own data from memory and drives the sprites Commodore called movable object blocks." }, { "architecture": "Motorola 68000", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "motorola-68000", "instructionSet": "Motorola 68000", "instructionSetFamily": "motorola-68000", "introducedDate": "1979", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Motorola", "name": "Motorola MC68000", "notes": "The split between the register width and the external data path is why the register width alone describes it poorly. The address space is larger than the memory fitted to the Amiga models in this catalog. Floating point is not on the die; it needs a 68881 or 68882 coprocessor.", "slug": "motorola-68000", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-hardware-reference-manual" ], "summary": "A processor with 32 bit internal registers and a narrower data bus and ALU. It powered the Amiga line and many other machines of its era." }, { "architecture": "Motorola 68040", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "motorola-68040", "instructionSet": "Motorola 68000", "instructionSetFamily": "motorola-68000", "introducedDate": "1990", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Motorola", "name": "Motorola MC68040", "notes": "The A4000 guide specifies a 68040-series module. It distinguishes the full 68040 from the 68EC040 variant, which omits the floating-point unit and memory management unit.", "slug": "motorola-68040", "sourceIds": [ "commodore-amiga-4000-user-guide" ], "summary": "The full 68040 processor fitted to the standard Amiga 4000 module." }, { "architecture": "Motorola 68060", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "motorola-68060", "instructionSet": "Motorola 68000", "instructionSetFamily": "motorola-68000", "introducedDate": "1994", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Motorola", "name": "Motorola MC68060", "notes": "This is a documented third-party accelerator configuration. It does not turn the 68060 into a stock Commodore A4000 processor.", "slug": "motorola-68060", "sourceIds": [ "phase5-cyberstorm-mk1-manual" ], "summary": "A 68060 fitted through the CYBERSTORM accelerator in an Amiga 4000." }, { "architecture": "Motorola 68020", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "motorola-68ec020", "instructionSet": "Motorola 68020", "instructionSetFamily": "motorola-68000", "introducedDate": "1991", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Motorola", "name": "Motorola MC68EC020", "notes": "Against the 68000 in the Amiga 500 it is a genuine generational change rather than a faster clock — a 32 bit data path instead of 16, an instruction cache, and single-access operations where the 68000 needed two. Floating point is not on the die; the Amiga 1200 has a socket for a factory-installed 68881 or 68882 and nothing in it by default.", "slug": "motorola-68ec020", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "summary": "The cost-reduced 68020: a full 32 bit data path with the address bus cut to 24 bit and the memory management unit left out. The processor of the Amiga 1200." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "msx-ram", "introducedDate": "1983", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "MSX standard", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM", "name": "MSX system RAM", "slug": "msx-ram", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "summary": "64 KiB writable RAM in the selected MSX configuration." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "msx-rom", "introducedDate": "1983", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "MSX standard", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "MSX BIOS and BASIC ROM", "slug": "msx-rom", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "summary": "Read-only MSX BIOS and BASIC firmware." }, { "architecture": "Video display processor", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "msx-vdp", "introducedDate": "1979", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Texas Instruments", "name": "Texas Instruments TMS9918A VDP", "slug": "msx-vdp", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "summary": "The video display processor required by the first MSX standard." }, { "architecture": "Z80", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "msx-z80a", "instructionSet": "Zilog Z80", "introducedDate": "1976", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Zilog", "name": "Zilog Z80A", "slug": "msx-z80a", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "summary": "The standard eight-bit MSX main processor." }, { "architecture": "MIPS III", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "n64-r4300", "instructionSet": "MIPS III", "instructionSetFamily": "mips", "introducedDate": "1996", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "NEC / MIPS Technologies", "name": "MIPS R4300 (Nintendo 64 CPU)", "notes": "The programming manual calls it simply the R4300. Unlike the PlayStation's processor it has a TLB and can use virtual addresses. It shares one memory pool with the graphics hardware rather than having main memory to itself.", "slug": "n64-r4300", "sourceIds": [ "n64-programming-manual" ], "summary": "The console's general-purpose processor, running the game as a collection of threads and generating the task lists the Reality Coprocessor executes." }, { "architecture": "Reality Coprocessor", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "n64-rcp", "introducedDate": "1996", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Silicon Graphics / Nintendo", "name": "Reality Coprocessor (RCP)", "notes": "The RSP being microcode-programmable is what separates this from the PlayStation's fixed-function split: the geometry stage is software, so what the machine does with a triangle is not fixed in silicon. Both engines read main memory directly, alongside the CPU.", "slug": "n64-rcp", "sourceIds": [ "n64-programming-manual" ], "summary": "Two engines in one part: the RSP, a microcode-programmable signal processor that runs geometry and audio, and the RDP, the graphics pipeline that rasterizes. The RCP also carries the console's I/O interfaces." }, { "architecture": "RDRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "n64-rdram", "introducedDate": "1996", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NEC", "memoryType": "RDRAM, 9-bit bytes", "name": "Nintendo 64 main memory (RDRAM)", "notes": "The ninth bit per byte is used by the graphics hardware rather than for parity. Because every engine contends for the same memory, capacity and bandwidth here are shared in a way the PlayStation's split main memory and VRAM are not.", "slug": "n64-rdram", "sourceIds": [ "n64-programming-manual" ], "summary": "4 MiB of RDRAM, used in parallel by the CPU, the RSP, the RDP and the I/O interfaces, so one pool serves everything a contemporary machine would have split between system and video memory." }, { "architecture": "Motorola 68000", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "neo-geo-68000", "instructionSet": "Motorola 68000", "instructionSetFamily": "motorola-68000", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Motorola", "name": "Motorola 68000", "slug": "neo-geo-68000", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "summary": "The Neo Geo AES main processor." }, { "architecture": "Tile and sprite video controller", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "neo-geo-lspc2", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "SNK", "name": "SNK LSPC2-A2", "slug": "neo-geo-lspc2", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "summary": "The Neo Geo tile and sprite graphics controller." }, { "architecture": "Static RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "neo-geo-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "SNK", "memoryType": "Static RAM", "name": "Neo Geo AES work RAM", "slug": "neo-geo-ram", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "summary": "64 KiB writable main RAM." }, { "architecture": "MOS 6502 derivative", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nes-2a03", "instructionSet": "MOS 6502 derivative", "instructionSetFamily": "mos-6502", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Ricoh", "name": "Ricoh 2A03", "slug": "nes-2a03", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The NES CPU and audio processor." }, { "architecture": "Tile and sprite picture processing unit", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nes-ppu", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Ricoh", "name": "Ricoh 2C02 PPU", "slug": "nes-ppu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The NES picture processing unit, built for tiles and sprites." }, { "architecture": "Static RAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nes-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "Static RAM", "name": "Nintendo Entertainment System RAM", "slug": "nes-ram", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "summary": "2 KiB writable CPU work RAM." }, { "architecture": "Static RAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nes-video-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "Static RAM", "name": "Nintendo Entertainment System video RAM", "slug": "nes-video-ram", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "summary": "2 KiB of writable memory attached to the picture processor." }, { "architecture": "Tile and sprite graphics engines", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nintendo-ds-2d", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Nintendo DS 2D engines", "slug": "nintendo-ds-2d", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference" ], "summary": "The Nintendo DS's paired tile and sprite display engines." }, { "architecture": "ARM9", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nintendo-ds-arm9", "instructionSet": "ARMv5TE", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "ARM", "name": "ARM946E-S", "slug": "nintendo-ds-arm9", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference" ], "summary": "The Nintendo DS's main ARM9 processor." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nintendo-ds-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM", "name": "Nintendo DS main RAM", "slug": "nintendo-ds-ram", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference" ], "summary": "4 MiB writable main RAM." }, { "architecture": "Flipper", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nintendo-gamecube-flipper", "introducedDate": "2001", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "ATI / Nintendo", "name": "ATI Flipper", "slug": "nintendo-gamecube-flipper", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The graphics processor fitted to the Nintendo GameCube." }, { "architecture": "PowerPC 750CXe-derived", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nintendo-gamecube-gekko", "instructionSet": "PowerPC", "instructionSetFamily": "power", "introducedDate": "2001", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "IBM", "name": "IBM Gekko", "slug": "nintendo-gamecube-gekko", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The Nintendo GameCube main processor." }, { "architecture": "1T-SRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nintendo-gamecube-ram", "introducedDate": "2001", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "1T-SRAM", "name": "Nintendo GameCube main memory", "slug": "nintendo-gamecube-ram", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "summary": "24 MiB of installed 1T-SRAM." }, { "architecture": "DRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nintendo-gamecube-sound-ram", "introducedDate": "2001", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "DRAM", "name": "Nintendo GameCube sound memory", "slug": "nintendo-gamecube-sound-ram", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "summary": "16 MiB of installed 81 MHz DRAM, dedicated to audio." }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nintendo-switch-2-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "LPDDR5X", "name": "Nintendo Switch 2 unified memory", "slug": "nintendo-switch-2-memory", "sourceIds": [ "techpowerup-switch-2-specs" ], "summary": "The working-memory pool shared by the Switch 2 processor and graphics hardware." }, { "architecture": "LPDDR4", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nintendo-switch-ram", "introducedDate": "2017", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "LPDDR4", "name": "Nintendo Switch unified memory", "slug": "nintendo-switch-ram", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-switch-tech-specs", "digitalfoundry-switch-clocks-2016", "computerbase-switch-test" ], "summary": "4 GiB of installed LPDDR4." }, { "architecture": "ARM Cortex-A57", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nintendo-switch-tegra-x1-cpu", "instructionSet": "ARMv8-A", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2017", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA Tegra X1 CPU", "slug": "nintendo-switch-tegra-x1-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-switch-tech-specs", "digitalfoundry-switch-clocks-2016" ], "summary": "The Nintendo Switch main processor." }, { "architecture": "Maxwell", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nintendo-switch-tegra-x1-gpu", "introducedDate": "2017", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA Tegra X1 GPU", "slug": "nintendo-switch-tegra-x1-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-switch-tech-specs", "digitalfoundry-switch-clocks-2016" ], "summary": "The graphics processor fitted to the Nintendo Switch." }, { "architecture": "PowerPC-derived", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nintendo-wii-broadway", "instructionSet": "PowerPC", "instructionSetFamily": "power", "introducedDate": "2006", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "IBM", "name": "IBM Broadway", "slug": "nintendo-wii-broadway", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-hardware-overview" ], "summary": "The Nintendo Wii main processor." }, { "architecture": "Hollywood", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nintendo-wii-hollywood", "introducedDate": "2006", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "ATI / Nintendo", "name": "ATI Hollywood", "slug": "nintendo-wii-hollywood", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-hardware-overview" ], "summary": "The graphics processor fitted to the Nintendo Wii." }, { "architecture": "1T-SRAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nintendo-wii-mem1", "introducedDate": "2006", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "1T-SRAM", "name": "Nintendo Wii MEM1", "slug": "nintendo-wii-mem1", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-hardware-overview" ], "summary": "24 MiB of installed 1T-SRAM." }, { "architecture": "GDDR3", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nintendo-wii-mem2", "introducedDate": "2006", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "GDDR3", "name": "Nintendo Wii MEM2", "slug": "nintendo-wii-mem2", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-hardware-overview" ], "summary": "64 MiB of installed GDDR3." }, { "architecture": "PowerPC-derived", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nintendo-wii-u-espresso", "instructionSet": "PowerPC", "instructionSetFamily": "power", "introducedDate": "2012", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "IBM", "name": "IBM Espresso", "slug": "nintendo-wii-u-espresso", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u-tech-specs", "digitalfoundry-wii-u-clocks-2012" ], "summary": "The Nintendo Wii U main processor." }, { "architecture": "Latte", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nintendo-wii-u-latte", "introducedDate": "2012", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "AMD / Nintendo", "name": "AMD Latte", "slug": "nintendo-wii-u-latte", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u-tech-specs", "digitalfoundry-wii-u-clocks-2012" ], "summary": "The graphics processor fitted to the Nintendo Wii U." }, { "architecture": "DDR3", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nintendo-wii-u-ram", "introducedDate": "2012", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "DDR3", "name": "Nintendo Wii U unified memory", "slug": "nintendo-wii-u-ram", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-wii-u-review" ], "summary": "2 GiB of installed DDR3." }, { "architecture": "Ada Lovelace", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nvidia-ad102", "introducedDate": "2022-10", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA Ada Lovelace (NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090)", "notes": "The general-shader FP32 peak is separate from tensor, AI and ray-tracing rates.", "slug": "nvidia-ad102", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-product-specifications" ], "summary": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 graphics processor, represented by vendor reference-card specifications." }, { "architecture": "Tesla", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-g80", "introducedDate": "2006-11", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA Tesla (NVIDIA GeForce 8800 GTX)", "notes": "The general-shader FP32 peak is separate from tensor, AI and ray-tracing rates.", "slug": "nvidia-g80", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-product-brief" ], "summary": "NVIDIA GeForce 8800 GTX graphics processor, represented by vendor reference-card specifications." }, { "architecture": "Blackwell", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nvidia-gb202", "introducedDate": "2025-01", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GB202 (GeForce RTX 5090)", "notes": "Two of the three headline rates NVIDIA prints for this card are not floating-point rates at all: \"3352 AI TOPS\" counts low-precision tensor operations and \"318 TFLOPS\" belongs to the ray-tracing engine. Neither is recorded, because dividing either by anything the GeForce GTX 1080 states would compare different units doing different arithmetic — which is the mistake this catalog exists to make impossible.", "slug": "nvidia-gb202", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper", "nvidia-rtx-5090-product-specifications" ], "summary": "21 760 cores across 170 multiprocessors, a 2.01 GHz base and a 2407 MHz boost, and 104.8 TFLOP/s of single precision. Nine years separate it from the GeForce GTX 1080, and twelve times the rate." }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-geforce-256-ddr-memory", "introducedDate": "1999-12", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "memoryType": "DDR SDRAM", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce 256 DDR 32 MiB frame buffer", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-256-ddr-memory", "sourceIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "summary": "The DDR SDRAM frame buffer fitted to NVIDIA's December 1999 GeForce 256 reference card." }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-geforce-256-sdr-memory", "introducedDate": "1999-10", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "memoryType": "SDR SDRAM", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce 256 SDR 32 MiB frame buffer", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-256-sdr-memory", "sourceIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "summary": "The SDR SDRAM frame buffer fitted to NVIDIA's October 1999 GeForce 256 reference card." }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-memory", "introducedDate": "2004-04", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "memoryType": "GDDR3", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce 6800 Ultra frame buffer", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-whitepaper" ], "summary": "256 MiB of GDDR3 with 35.2 GB/s peak bandwidth." }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-memory", "introducedDate": "2006-11", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "memoryType": "GDDR3", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce 8800 GTX frame buffer", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-product-brief" ], "summary": "768 MiB of GDDR3 with 86.4 GB/s peak bandwidth." }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-memory", "introducedDate": "2010-11", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "memoryType": "GDDR5", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 580 frame buffer", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-product-brief" ], "summary": "1536 MiB of GDDR5 with 192.4 GB/s peak bandwidth." }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-memory", "introducedDate": "2013-11", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "memoryType": "GDDR5", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780 Ti frame buffer", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-product-brief" ], "summary": "3 GiB of GDDR5 with 336 GB/s peak bandwidth." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-memory", "introducedDate": "2018-09", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "memoryType": "GDDR6", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti frame buffer", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-product-specifications" ], "summary": "11 GiB of GDDR6 with 616 GB/s peak bandwidth." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-memory", "introducedDate": "2022-10", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "memoryType": "GDDR6X", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 frame buffer", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-product-specifications" ], "summary": "24 GiB of GDDR6X with 1008 GB/s peak bandwidth." }, { "architecture": "Fermi", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-gf110", "introducedDate": "2010-11", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA Fermi (NVIDIA GeForce GTX 580)", "notes": "The general-shader FP32 peak is separate from tensor, AI and ray-tracing rates.", "slug": "nvidia-gf110", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-product-brief" ], "summary": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 580 graphics processor, represented by vendor reference-card specifications." }, { "architecture": "Kepler", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-gk110b", "introducedDate": "2013-11", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA Kepler (NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780 Ti)", "notes": "The general-shader FP32 peak is separate from tensor, AI and ray-tracing rates.", "slug": "nvidia-gk110b", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-product-brief" ], "summary": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780 Ti graphics processor, represented by vendor reference-card specifications." }, { "architecture": "Pascal", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nvidia-gp104", "introducedDate": "2016-05", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GP104 (GeForce GTX 1080)", "notes": "The first consumer graphics card in this catalog, and the first record anywhere in it that states two clocks for one part. They are two quantities, not one figure at two resolutions: the base clock is what the card is specified to hold, the boost clock what it reaches when power and heat allow, and NVIDIA's own footnote says which of them its rate figures are computed from.", "slug": "nvidia-gp104", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016", "nvidia-gtx-1080-whitepaper" ], "summary": "Twenty streaming multiprocessors and 2,560 single-precision cores, specified at 1607 MHz and rated at 8,873 GFLOPS when they reach the 1733 MHz boost clock." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nvidia-gtx-1080-memory", "introducedDate": "2016-05", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "memoryType": "GDDR5X", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 frame buffer", "notes": "NVIDIA's launch table calls the capacity a framebuffer and the whitepaper does not state it at all; both state the bandwidth. The capacity is read as 8 GiB, the binary convention this catalog applies to every memory part.", "slug": "nvidia-gtx-1080-memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016" ], "summary": "Eight gibibytes of GDDR5X on a 256 bit interface, reachable at 320 GB/s." }, { "architecture": "Hopper", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nvidia-h100-gpu", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA H100 (SXM)", "notes": "It is the first record in this catalog whose floating-point figures state the precision they were obtained in. Every earlier one — the Dreamcast's, the PlayStations', the M1's — gives a rate and leaves the reader to guess, which is why those are provisional and these are not.", "slug": "nvidia-h100", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-h100-product-specifications" ], "summary": "A data-center accelerator rated at 34 TFLOP/s of double precision and 67 of single, with 80 GiB of memory behind 3.35 TB/s and a 700 W power ceiling." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nvidia-h100-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA H100 (SXM) GPU memory", "notes": "No memory type is recorded: NVIDIA's specification table names the capacity and the bandwidth and not the technology, and naming it here would be a fact from somewhere else.", "slug": "nvidia-h100-memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-h100-product-specifications" ], "summary": "Eighty gibibytes on the accelerator module, reachable at 3.35 TB/s. That is seventy times the bandwidth of the PlayStation 2's embedded frame buffer, which held the record in this catalog for two decades." }, { "architecture": "GeForce 256", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-nv10", "introducedDate": "1999-10", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce 256 (NVIDIA GeForce 256)", "notes": "A fixed-function raster pipeline: pixel and texel fill rates are applicable, while a general programmable FP32 shader peak is not.", "slug": "nvidia-nv10", "sourceIds": [ "visiontek-geforce-256-agp-product-brief", "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "summary": "NVIDIA GeForce 256 graphics processor, represented by vendor reference-card specifications." }, { "architecture": "GeForce 6", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-nv40", "introducedDate": "2004-04", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce 6 (NVIDIA GeForce 6800 Ultra)", "notes": "Programmable shading hardware, but no cited vendor FP32 peak in FLOP/s.", "slug": "nvidia-nv40", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-whitepaper" ], "summary": "NVIDIA GeForce 6800 Ultra graphics processor, represented by vendor reference-card specifications." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nvidia-rtx-5090-memory", "introducedDate": "2025-01", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "memoryType": "GDDR7", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 frame buffer", "notes": "The bandwidth is in the architecture whitepaper and not on the product page, which states the interface width and stops. This is the one figure on the card that divides cleanly into its 2016 ancestor's: same metric, same scope, same method, both stated by the same vendor.", "slug": "nvidia-rtx-5090-memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper", "nvidia-rtx-5090-product-specifications" ], "summary": "Thirty-two gibibytes of GDDR7 on a 512 bit interface at 1792 GB/s: five and a half times the bandwidth of the GeForce GTX 1080, and half the H100's." }, { "architecture": "Arm Cortex-A78C", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-t239-cpu", "instructionSet": "Armv8-A", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2025", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA T239 CPU", "slug": "nvidia-t239-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-switch-2-tech-specs", "techpowerup-switch-2-specs" ], "summary": "The eight-core Arm processor section of the Switch 2's custom NVIDIA system-on-chip." }, { "architecture": "NVIDIA Ampere", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nvidia-t239-gpu", "introducedDate": "2025", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA T239 GPU", "slug": "nvidia-t239-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-switch-2-tech-specs", "techpowerup-switch-2-specs" ], "summary": "The Ampere-derived graphics section of the Switch 2's custom NVIDIA system-on-chip." }, { "architecture": "Turing", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nvidia-tu102", "introducedDate": "2018-09", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA Turing (NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti)", "notes": "The general-shader FP32 peak is separate from tensor, AI and ray-tracing rates.", "slug": "nvidia-tu102", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-product-specifications" ], "summary": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti graphics processor, represented by vendor reference-card specifications." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "pc-32bit-dram", "introducedDate": "1986", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "memoryType": "DRAM", "name": "32-bit PC dynamic RAM", "slug": "pc-32bit-dram", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "Dynamic main memory used by representative 80386DX and 80486DX PCs." }, { "architecture": "Double-data-rate synchronous dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "pc-ddr-sdram", "introducedDate": "2000", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "memoryType": "DDR SDRAM", "name": "PC DDR SDRAM", "slug": "pc-ddr-sdram", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k-specifications" ], "summary": "Double-data-rate synchronous main memory used by representative Pentium 4, Core 2 and Core i7 PCs." }, { "architecture": "Double-data-rate 5 synchronous dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "pc-ddr5-sdram", "introducedDate": "2020", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "memoryType": "DDR5 SDRAM", "name": "PC DDR5 SDRAM", "slug": "pc-ddr5-sdram", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i9-14900k-specifications" ], "summary": "DDR5 main memory in the representative Core i9-14900K configuration." }, { "architecture": "MDA/CGA-era display adapter", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "pc-display-adapter", "introducedDate": "1981", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "IBM", "name": "IBM PC display adapter", "notes": "The representative PCs use period-appropriate display adapters rather than treating the CPU as a graphics device. Individual board clock grades are deliberately not collapsed into a fictitious single GPU clock.", "slug": "pc-display-adapter", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "A display adapter for the original IBM PC family: it generates text and raster video but has no programmable floating-point shading hardware." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "pc-early-dram", "introducedDate": "1978", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "memoryType": "DRAM", "name": "Early PC dynamic RAM", "slug": "pc-early-dram", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "Dynamic main memory used by representative 8086 and 80286 PCs." }, { "architecture": "65C02 derivative", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "pc-engine-huc6280", "instructionSet": "65C02 derivative", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Hudson Soft", "name": "Hudson Soft HuC6280", "slug": "pc-engine-huc6280", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual" ], "summary": "The PC Engine main processor." }, { "architecture": "Static RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "pc-engine-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NEC Home Electronics", "memoryType": "Static RAM", "name": "PC Engine work RAM", "slug": "pc-engine-ram", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual" ], "summary": "8 KiB writable system RAM." }, { "architecture": "Tile and sprite video display controller", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "pc-engine-vdc", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Hudson Soft", "name": "Hudson Soft HuC6270 VDC", "slug": "pc-engine-vdc", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual" ], "summary": "The PC Engine video display controller." }, { "architecture": "Video RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "pc-engine-video-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NEC Home Electronics", "memoryType": "Video RAM attached to the HuC6270", "name": "PC Engine video RAM", "slug": "pc-engine-video-ram", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual" ], "summary": "64 KiB of memory attached to the video display controller, eight times the console work RAM." }, { "architecture": "Synchronous dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "pc-sdram", "introducedDate": "1993", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "memoryType": "SDRAM", "name": "PC synchronous dynamic RAM", "slug": "pc-sdram", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "Synchronous main memory used by representative Pentium and Pentium II PCs." }, { "architecture": "MIPS III with 128-bit multimedia extensions and two vector units", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ps2-emotion-engine", "instructionSet": "MIPS III (partly MIPS IV) plus a 128-bit parallel multimedia instruction set", "instructionSetFamily": "mips", "introducedDate": "1999-03", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment / Toshiba", "name": "Emotion Engine", "notes": "\"128-bit\" describes the register and bus width used by the multimedia instructions, not the address or integer word size, which are 64 bit. The floating-point capacity Sony quotes belongs to the whole chip — the FPU coprocessor plus the two vector units — rather than to the core alone, which is why the peak FP32 figure is recorded against the component and not against any one of its blocks.", "slug": "ps2-emotion-engine", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999", "scei-ee-gs-single-chip-2003" ], "summary": "Sony and Toshiba's 128 bit CPU for the PlayStation 2: a superscalar MIPS core with 16 kB of instruction cache, 8 kB of data cache and 16 kB of scratchpad, flanked by two vector units carrying nine floating-point multiply-add units between them." }, { "architecture": "Parallel rendering processor with embedded DRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ps2-graphics-synthesizer", "introducedDate": "1999-03", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment", "name": "Graphics Synthesizer", "notes": "It has no geometry stage of its own: transform and lighting run on the Emotion Engine's vector units, and the Graphics Synthesizer receives primitives that are already projected. Sony's drawing-rate figure of 75 million polygons per second is not recorded as a measurement, because the catalog has no polygon-rate metric.", "slug": "ps2-graphics-synthesizer", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999", "scei-ee-gs-single-chip-2003" ], "summary": "The PlayStation 2's rasterizer, notable for putting its frame buffer on the same die as the pixel pipelines and reaching 48 GB/s across a 2560 bit internal bus." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ps2-gs-edram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment", "memoryType": "Embedded DRAM", "name": "Graphics Synthesizer embedded DRAM", "notes": "The capacity and the bandwidth are the two halves of the same design decision. Putting the frame buffer on the die bought a bus no external memory of the era could match, and cost the console the room to hold large textures — which is why PlayStation 2 titles stream texture data from main memory during drawing.", "slug": "ps2-gs-edram", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999", "scei-ee-gs-single-chip-2003" ], "summary": "Four mebibytes of DRAM on the Graphics Synthesizer die, holding the frame buffer, Z buffer and textures behind a 2560 bit bus." }, { "architecture": "MIPS I (PlayStation CPU core)", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ps2-iop", "instructionSetFamily": "mips", "introducedDate": "1999-03", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment", "name": "PlayStation 2 I/O Processor", "notes": "No clock frequency is recorded for it. Sony's specification gives \"33.8/37.5 MHz\" — one figure for each mode the processor runs in, PlayStation compatibility and native I/O — and a single measurement cannot carry two operating points without inventing a distinction between them that the source does not make. The lower figure is the original PlayStation's clock, rounded from 33.8688 MHz.", "slug": "ps2-iop", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999" ], "summary": "The original PlayStation's 32 bit CPU core, reused as the PlayStation 2's input/output processor and as the machine it becomes when running a PlayStation disc." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ps2-main-rdram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Rambus (interface) / Sony Computer Entertainment (system)", "memoryType": "Direct Rambus DRAM", "name": "PlayStation 2 main memory (Direct RDRAM)", "slug": "ps2-main-rdram", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999" ], "summary": "The Emotion Engine's main memory: a narrow, very fast Rambus channel delivering 3.2 GB/s, in a console generation where competitors used wide, slower buses." }, { "architecture": "One PowerPC core with a VMX unit, plus eight SPE co-processors", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ps3-cell", "instructionSet": "PowerPC with VMX, alongside the SPE instruction set", "instructionSetFamily": "power", "introducedDate": "2005", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment / IBM / Toshiba", "name": "Cell Broadband Engine", "notes": "The \"cores\" field records the single PowerPC core, because the SPEs do not run the same instruction set and cannot be counted alongside it. Whether the chip is one processor or nine is a question the catalog's data model declines to answer, and the answer would change the meaning of every per-core figure attached to it.", "slug": "ps3-cell", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-specifications-2005", "scei-ps3-launch-2006" ], "summary": "A PowerPC core surrounded by eight SPE vector co-processors, of which the PlayStation 3 uses seven. Sony's specification counts the eighth as redundancy." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ps3-gddr3", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA (interface) / Sony Computer Entertainment (system)", "memoryType": "GDDR3", "name": "PlayStation 3 video memory (GDDR3)", "notes": "The PlayStation 2 put four mebibytes of graphics memory on the graphics die and paid for the bandwidth with capacity. The PlayStation 3 reverses the trade: sixty-four times the capacity, off-chip, at a fraction of the per-byte bandwidth. Neither pool is addressable as the other, so the console's 512 MiB is never one number.", "slug": "ps3-gddr3", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-specifications-2005", "scei-ps3-launch-2006" ], "summary": "256 MiB of GDDR3 belonging to the RSX, external to it rather than embedded as the PlayStation 2's was." }, { "architecture": "Programmable parallel shader pipelines", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ps3-rsx", "introducedDate": "2005", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA / Sony Computer Entertainment", "name": "RSX Reality Synthesizer", "notes": "Sony gives no shader-unit count and no operations-per-cycle figure, so its 1.8 TFLOPS claim cannot be checked against the clock it is quoted beside. Both figures are held provisional for that reason.", "slug": "ps3-rsx", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-specifications-2005", "scei-ps3-launch-2006" ], "summary": "The PlayStation 3's graphics processor, and the part of the console Sony described least: a clock and a floating-point figure in the 2005 announcement, and neither in the 2006 launch specification." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ps3-xdr", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Rambus (interface) / Sony Computer Entertainment (system)", "memoryType": "XDR DRAM", "name": "PlayStation 3 main memory (XDR DRAM)", "slug": "ps3-xdr", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-specifications-2005", "scei-ps3-launch-2006" ], "summary": "256 MiB of Rambus XDR attached to the Cell processor, carrying the PlayStation 2's Direct RDRAM strategy forward a generation." }, { "architecture": "x86-64", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ps4-cpu", "instructionSet": "x86-64", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "2013", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment / AMD", "name": "PlayStation 4 custom processor (CPU section)", "notes": "Sony describes the console as \"centered around a powerful custom chip that contains eight x86-64 cores and a state of the art graphics processor\": one chip, not two. The catalog splits it into a CPU record and a GPU record because component kinds are `cpu`, `gpu` and `memory`, and a single record cannot carry both a core count and a compute-unit count. The split is the data model's, not Sony's. No clock frequency is recorded because Sony's releases state none, for either half.", "slug": "ps4-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps4-introduction-2013" ], "summary": "Eight x86-64 cores sit on the same die as the graphics processor, making this the first console here to run the instruction set of the desktop machines it competes with." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ps4-gddr5", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment / AMD", "memoryType": "GDDR5", "name": "PlayStation 4 unified system memory (GDDR5)", "notes": "This is the first console record in the catalog whose memory capacity is a single honest number. The PlayStation, PlayStation 2 and PlayStation 3 each keep a processor pool and a graphics pool that cannot be spent on each other's work, so adding them describes memory the machine does not have. Here the pools are the same memory, and the sum is the machine.", "slug": "ps4-gddr5", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps4-introduction-2013", "scea-ps4-launch-2013" ], "summary": "Eight gibibytes of GDDR5 shared by the processor and the graphics units. The three PlayStations before it split their memory in two." }, { "architecture": "Unified array of compute units", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ps4-gpu", "introducedDate": "2013", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment / AMD", "name": "PlayStation 4 custom processor (GPU section)", "notes": "Sony gives the compute-unit count but no clock, so the teraflops figure cannot be reconstructed from the parts — which is the reverse of the usual problem, where the clock is published and the unit count is not. Both this and the PlayStation 3's RSX figure are provisional; the difference is that here the source at least states what the units are.", "slug": "ps4-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps4-introduction-2013" ], "summary": "18 compute units on the processor die, rated by Sony at 1.84 TFLOP/s for graphics, simulation, or any mixture of the two." }, { "architecture": "x86-64 (Zen 2)", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "ps5-cpu", "instructionSet": "x86-64", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "2020", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Sony Interactive Entertainment / AMD", "name": "PlayStation 5 custom processor (CPU section)", "notes": "The PlayStation 4's processor states no clock at all; this one states that the clock is not a constant. They are different silences, and the record keeps them apart: the nominal frequency is not-applicable here rather than unknown, because a machine whose frequency varies by design does not have one.", "slug": "ps5-cpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "summary": "Eight x86-64 cores with 16 threads, and no fixed frequency: Sony specifies a variable clock and a ceiling of 3.5 GHz." }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "ps5-gddr6", "introducedDate": "2020", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sony Interactive Entertainment", "memoryType": "GDDR6", "name": "PlayStation 5 unified GDDR6 memory", "notes": "Sony's word for it is \"System Memory\", one pool for the whole machine, so the console's whole-system capacity is this figure and excludes nothing. That is now the norm for a PlayStation: the first four consoles all kept two pools that could not be spent on each other's work.", "slug": "ps5-gddr6", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "summary": "Sixteen gibibytes at 448 GB/s, shared by the processor and the graphics engine. Twice the PlayStation 4's capacity, at two and a half times its bandwidth." }, { "architecture": "RDNA 2", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "ps5-gpu", "introducedDate": "2020", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Sony Interactive Entertainment / AMD", "name": "PlayStation 5 custom processor (GPU section)", "notes": "No compute-unit count is recorded. Sony's table gave one when it was published in March 2020 and does not give one now, and the figure this record can cite is the figure the document currently states. Without it the teraflops rate cannot be checked against the frequency it is printed beside — the same gap the PlayStation 4's record has, for the opposite reason.", "slug": "ps5-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "summary": "An RDNA 2 graphics engine with ray-tracing acceleration, rated at 10.3 TFLOP/s at a variable frequency of up to 2.23 GHz." }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "ps5-ssd", "introducedDate": "2020", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sony Interactive Entertainment", "memoryType": "NAND flash SSD", "name": "PlayStation 5 internal SSD", "notes": "Fitted in the `storage` role, not as system memory. 825 GB is read decimally: it is not a power of two, and a binary reading would quietly turn it into a different number. The 5.5 GB/s read bandwidth Sony states beside it is not recorded, because a storage transfer rate is not the memory bandwidth metric and the catalog has no metric of its own for it.", "slug": "ps5-ssd", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "summary": "825 gigabytes of solid-state storage, the first fitted drive in a PlayStation whose capacity Sony states as a headline figure rather than a disc format." }, { "architecture": "PlayStation GPU", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "psx-gpu", "introducedDate": "1994", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment", "name": "PlayStation GPU", "notes": "It draws but does not transform. Coordinate and light-source calculation is the GTE's job on the CPU side, so the console's 3D capability is split across two chips and neither describes it alone. The frame buffer is dual-ported, so drawing and display can proceed at the same time.", "slug": "psx-gpu", "sourceIds": [ "psx-hardware-reference" ], "summary": "The graphics drawing processor: a CRT controller for display plus high-speed polygon and sprite drawing into the frame buffer." }, { "architecture": "Main RAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "psx-main-ram", "introducedDate": "1994", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment", "memoryType": "RAM", "name": "PlayStation main memory", "slug": "psx-main-ram", "sourceIds": [ "psx-hardware-reference" ], "summary": "2 MiB of main memory, addressed through a fixed physical map because the console fits no TLB." }, { "architecture": "MIPS I", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "psx-r3000a", "instructionSet": "MIPS I", "instructionSetFamily": "mips", "introducedDate": "1994", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment / LSI Logic", "name": "PlayStation CPU (customized MIPS R3000A)", "notes": "4 KiB of instruction cache; the 1 KiB data cache is used as a directly addressed Scratch Pad rather than as a conventional cache, and the reference manual names it that way. No TLB is fitted, so the physical and logical memory maps are permanently fixed. The cited reference does not describe floating-point hardware, so no floating-point figure is recorded for this processor.", "slug": "psx-r3000a", "sourceIds": [ "psx-hardware-reference" ], "summary": "A 32 bit RISC processor based on the R3000A, customized for the console: no memory management unit, and the GTE geometry coprocessor sitting alongside the integer core." }, { "architecture": "Dual-ported VRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "psx-vram", "introducedDate": "1994", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment", "memoryType": "Dual-ported video RAM", "name": "PlayStation video memory", "notes": "Dual-ported, so the GPU can draw into it while the display is reading from it. Transfers between it and main memory go by DMA.", "slug": "psx-vram", "sourceIds": [ "psx-hardware-reference" ], "summary": "1 MiB of video memory holding the frame buffer, texture pages and color lookup tables. Separate from main memory and reachable by the GPU rather than shared with the CPU." }, { "architecture": "Cortex-A76", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "raspberry-pi-5-bcm2712", "instructionSet": "Armv8-A", "instructionSetFamily": "arm", "introducedDate": "2023-09", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Broadcom", "name": "Broadcom BCM2712", "slug": "raspberry-pi-5-bcm2712", "sourceIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5-product-brief" ], "summary": "The 2.4 GHz quad-core processor in Raspberry Pi 5." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "raspberry-pi-5-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Raspberry Pi Ltd", "memoryType": "LPDDR4X-4267 SDRAM", "name": "Raspberry Pi 5 LPDDR4X memory", "slug": "raspberry-pi-5-memory", "sourceIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5-product-brief" ], "summary": "The installed LPDDR4X memory pool of the 8 GB Raspberry Pi 5 model." }, { "architecture": "VideoCore VII", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "raspberry-pi-5-videocore-vii", "introducedDate": "2023-09", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Broadcom", "name": "VideoCore VII", "slug": "raspberry-pi-5-videocore-vii", "sourceIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5-product-brief" ], "summary": "The 800 MHz graphics processor in Raspberry Pi 5." }, { "architecture": "SRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sega-saturn-backup-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sega", "memoryType": "SRAM", "name": "Sega Saturn backup RAM", "slug": "sega-saturn-backup-ram", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "summary": "32 KiB of battery-backed memory for saved games." }, { "architecture": "DRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sega-saturn-cd-buffer-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sega", "memoryType": "DRAM", "name": "Sega Saturn CD buffer RAM", "slug": "sega-saturn-cd-buffer-ram", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "summary": "512 KiB buffering the compact-disc drive." }, { "architecture": "ROM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sega-saturn-ipl-rom", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sega", "memoryType": "ROM", "name": "Sega Saturn IPL ROM", "slug": "sega-saturn-ipl-rom", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "summary": "512 KiB of boot firmware." }, { "architecture": "SDRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sega-saturn-ram", "introducedDate": "1994", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "SEGA Enterprises", "memoryType": "SDRAM", "name": "Sega Saturn work RAM", "slug": "sega-saturn-ram", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "summary": "2 MiB of installed SDRAM." }, { "architecture": "SuperH SH-2", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sega-saturn-sh2", "instructionSet": "SuperH SH-2", "instructionSetFamily": "superh", "introducedDate": "1994", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Hitachi", "name": "Hitachi SH-2", "slug": "sega-saturn-sh2", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "summary": "The Sega Saturn main processor." }, { "architecture": "DRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sega-saturn-sound-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sega", "memoryType": "DRAM", "name": "Sega Saturn sound RAM", "slug": "sega-saturn-sound-ram", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "summary": "512 KiB of memory dedicated to the sound processor." }, { "architecture": "VDP1 and VDP2", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sega-saturn-vdp", "introducedDate": "1994", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "SEGA Enterprises", "name": "Sega Saturn VDP1/VDP2 graphics system", "slug": "sega-saturn-vdp", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "summary": "The graphics processor fitted to the Sega Saturn." }, { "architecture": "DRAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sega-saturn-video-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sega", "memoryType": "DRAM", "name": "Sega Saturn video RAM", "slug": "sega-saturn-video-ram", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "summary": "1.5 MiB of memory attached to the video display processors." }, { "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sgi-octane-memory", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Silicon Graphics, Inc.", "name": "SGI Octane main memory", "notes": "No memory technology is recorded. A SPEC result reports what was fitted and how much of it, not what kind, and the catalog does not fill that in from elsewhere. The capacity is a property of the submitted configuration rather than of the model, which is why it varies between the two.", "slug": "sgi-octane-memory", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int", "spec-cpu95-octane-fp" ], "summary": "The installed memory of the two Octanes SGI submitted to SPEC: 128 MiB in the single-processor machine, 256 MiB in the two-processor one." }, { "architecture": "65C816 derivative", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "snes-5a22", "instructionSet": "65C816 derivative", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Ricoh", "name": "Ricoh 5A22", "slug": "snes-5a22", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The Super Nintendo CPU, whose clock varies with memory area." }, { "architecture": "Tile and sprite picture-processing units", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "snes-ppu", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Super Nintendo PPU pair", "slug": "snes-ppu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "summary": "Two picture-processing units for tiled backgrounds and sprites." }, { "architecture": "Static RAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "snes-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "Static RAM", "name": "Super Nintendo work RAM", "slug": "snes-ram", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "summary": "128 KiB writable work RAM." }, { "architecture": "Static RAM", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "snes-video-ram", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "memoryType": "Static RAM", "name": "Super Nintendo video RAM", "slug": "snes-video-ram", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "summary": "64 KiB of writable memory attached to the picture processors." }, { "architecture": "LPDDR5", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "valve-steam-deck-ram", "introducedDate": "2022", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Valve", "memoryType": "LPDDR5", "name": "Valve Steam Deck unified memory", "slug": "valve-steam-deck-ram", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "summary": "16 GiB of installed LPDDR5." }, { "architecture": "RDNA 2", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "valve-steam-deck-rdna2", "introducedDate": "2022", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "AMD", "name": "AMD RDNA 2 graphics", "slug": "valve-steam-deck-rdna2", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The graphics processor fitted to the Valve Steam Deck." }, { "architecture": "Zen 2", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "valve-steam-deck-zen-2", "instructionSet": "x86-64", "instructionSetFamily": "x86", "introducedDate": "2022", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "AMD", "name": "AMD Zen 2", "slug": "valve-steam-deck-zen-2", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The Valve Steam Deck main processor." }, { "architecture": "VGA-compatible raster display controller", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "vga-compatible-adapter", "introducedDate": "1987", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "name": "VGA-compatible display adapter", "notes": "VGA compatibility describes display behavior, not one oscillator or one 3D architecture. The catalog records its explicitly non-floating-point nature instead of inventing a clock for the class.", "slug": "vga-compatible-adapter", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "The common raster display-controller class used by the representative 386, 486, Pentium, Pentium II and Pentium 4 systems." }, { "architecture": "Dynamic RAM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "zx-spectrum-ram", "introducedDate": "1982", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sinclair Research", "memoryType": "Dynamic RAM", "name": "ZX Spectrum 48K RAM", "slug": "zx-spectrum-ram", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "summary": "48 KiB writable system memory." }, { "architecture": "Mask ROM", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "zx-spectrum-rom", "introducedDate": "1982", "kind": "memory", "manufacturer": "Sinclair Research", "memoryType": "Mask ROM", "name": "ZX Spectrum ROM", "slug": "zx-spectrum-rom", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "summary": "16 KiB read-only Sinclair BASIC firmware." }, { "architecture": "Uncommitted logic array", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "zx-spectrum-ula", "introducedDate": "1982", "kind": "gpu", "manufacturer": "Sinclair Research", "name": "ZX Spectrum ULA", "slug": "zx-spectrum-ula", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "summary": "Display and memory-contention logic integrated in a ULA." }, { "architecture": "Z80", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "zx-spectrum-z80a", "instructionSet": "Zilog Z80", "introducedDate": "1976", "kind": "cpu", "manufacturer": "Zilog", "name": "Zilog Z80A", "slug": "zx-spectrum-z80a", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "summary": "The ZX Spectrum's eight-bit main processor." } ], "conflicts": [ { "candidates": [ { "evidence": "Device and Score table, row \"AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX\": 208566.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "208566" }, "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ] }, { "evidence": "Device and Score table, row \"Radeon RX 7900 XTX\": 212610.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "212610" }, "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ] } ], "decision": { "candidateIndex": 0, "decidedOn": "2026-08-18", "outcome": "accepted", "rationale": "The chart keys its rows on the string a driver reports, so one product reaches it under several names with several averages. The rule this catalog applies, here and in every later round: take the row that names the product as its maker names it, and treat a string carrying tokens the maker does not use — a “GPU” suffix, a die designation, another company’s prefix — as the driver’s name rather than the product’s. The same prefixed-versus-bare pair as the GTX 1080, decided the same way. The unprefixed row scores two percent higher, and taking it for that reason would make the choice of name a performance claim." }, "id": "amd-navi31:geekbench-compute-7-opencl", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "subject": { "id": "amd-navi31", "kind": "component" } }, { "candidates": [ { "evidence": "Appendix A, page A-1, \"Technical specifications\", clock speed row: \"NTSC: 14.32 MHz / PAL: 14.19 MHz\". This is the manual's dedicated specifications table.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "14.19" }, "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ] }, { "evidence": "Page 5-3, \"A1200/A1200HD functional specification\", Features, CPU: \"14.18 MHz 68EC020 PAL\". The same manual, in a summary list rather than a specifications table.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "14.18" }, "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ] } ], "decision": { "candidateIndex": 0, "decidedOn": "2026-07-29", "outcome": "accepted", "rationale": "The PAL Amiga base crystal is 28.37516 MHz, so half of it is 14.18758 MHz exactly. Rounded to four significant digits that is 14.19; 14.18 is what truncation gives. The specifications table in appendix A is also the more authoritative of the two statements, being the manual's dedicated technical-specification section rather than a summary feature list. There is a further reason to distrust the 14.18 reading: the scanned text of page 5-3 confuses 3 with 8 elsewhere in the same list, rendering the NTSC clock as \"14.82 MHz\" and the data path as \"82-bit\", so the discrepancy may be an artifact of the scan rather than a disagreement Commodore ever printed. Either way the accepted figure is the one that follows from the crystal." }, "id": "amiga-1200:pal-clock-frequency", "metric": "clock-frequency", "subject": { "configurationId": "pal", "id": "amiga-1200", "kind": "system" } }, { "candidates": [ { "evidence": "Device and Score table, row \"Apple M1\": 31387.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "31387" }, "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-metal-benchmark-chart-2026-07-18" ] }, { "evidence": "Device and Score table, row \"Apple M1 GPU\": 32442.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "32442" }, "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-metal-benchmark-chart-2026-07-18" ] } ], "decision": { "candidateIndex": 0, "decidedOn": "2026-08-18", "outcome": "accepted", "rationale": "The chart keys its rows on the string a driver reports, so one product reaches it under several names with several averages. The rule this catalog applies, here and in every later round: take the row that names the product as its maker names it, and treat a string carrying tokens the maker does not use — a “GPU” suffix, a die designation, another company’s prefix — as the driver’s name rather than the product’s. Apple sells a processor called the M1 and nothing called the “Apple M1 GPU”, so the unsuffixed row is the product’s. The two averages differ by three percent, which is what splitting one population of uploads across two labels does to a mean; neither is more measured than the other, and taking the higher one because it is higher would be the whole reason this ledger exists." }, "id": "apple-m1-gpu:geekbench-compute-6-metal", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "subject": { "id": "apple-m1-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "candidates": [ { "evidence": "Device and Score table, row \"Apple M1\": 17592.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "17592" }, "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ] }, { "evidence": "Device and Score table, row \"Apple M1 (G13G B1)\": 13136.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "13136" }, "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ] } ], "decision": { "candidateIndex": 0, "decidedOn": "2026-08-18", "outcome": "accepted", "rationale": "The chart keys its rows on the string a driver reports, so one product reaches it under several names with several averages. The rule this catalog applies, here and in every later round: take the row that names the product as its maker names it, and treat a string carrying tokens the maker does not use — a “GPU” suffix, a die designation, another company’s prefix — as the driver’s name rather than the product’s. G13G B1 is the die and stepping of the M1’s graphics processor, not a product Apple offers. The gap here is a quarter of the score, which is larger than a labeling split alone explains and is a further reason to prefer the row holding the bulk of the uploads rather than to average the two." }, "id": "apple-m1-gpu:geekbench-compute-7-opencl", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "subject": { "id": "apple-m1-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "candidates": [ { "evidence": "Device and Score table, row \"Apple M4\": 54482.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "54482" }, "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-metal-benchmark-chart-2026-07-18" ] }, { "evidence": "Device and Score table, row \"Apple M4 GPU\": 54196.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "54196" }, "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-metal-benchmark-chart-2026-07-18" ] } ], "decision": { "candidateIndex": 0, "decidedOn": "2026-08-18", "outcome": "accepted", "rationale": "The chart keys its rows on the string a driver reports, so one product reaches it under several names with several averages. The rule this catalog applies, here and in every later round: take the row that names the product as its maker names it, and treat a string carrying tokens the maker does not use — a “GPU” suffix, a die designation, another company’s prefix — as the driver’s name rather than the product’s. The same pair of strings as the M1, decided the same way. Here the two averages agree to within half a percent, which is evidence that the split is a labeling artifact rather than two different things being measured." }, "id": "apple-m4-gpu:geekbench-compute-6-metal", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "subject": { "id": "apple-m4-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "candidates": [ { "evidence": "Device and Score table, row \"Apple M4\": 32716.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "32716" }, "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ] }, { "evidence": "Device and Score table, row \"QUALCOMM Apple M4 GPU730\": 8518.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "8518" }, "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ] } ], "decision": { "candidateIndex": 0, "decidedOn": "2026-08-18", "outcome": "accepted", "rationale": "The chart keys its rows on the string a driver reports, so one product reaches it under several names with several averages. The rule this catalog applies, here and in every later round: take the row that names the product as its maker names it, and treat a string carrying tokens the maker does not use — a “GPU” suffix, a die designation, another company’s prefix — as the driver’s name rather than the product’s. Qualcomm makes no Apple silicon, so the prefix is a driver’s misreport and the row cannot be what it says it is. Its average is a quarter of the other, which on its own would not decide anything — the identification does." }, "id": "apple-m4-gpu:geekbench-compute-7-opencl", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "subject": { "id": "apple-m4-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "candidates": [ { "evidence": "Device and Score table, row \"NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080\": 54526.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "54526" }, "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ] }, { "evidence": "Device and Score table, row \"GeForce GTX 1080\": 55875.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "55875" }, "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ] } ], "decision": { "candidateIndex": 0, "decidedOn": "2026-08-18", "outcome": "accepted", "rationale": "The chart keys its rows on the string a driver reports, so one product reaches it under several names with several averages. The rule this catalog applies, here and in every later round: take the row that names the product as its maker names it, and treat a string carrying tokens the maker does not use — a “GPU” suffix, a die designation, another company’s prefix — as the driver’s name rather than the product’s. Both strings name the product; one carries the vendor prefix Nvidia itself uses and the other drops it. The prefixed row is taken, which is the same rule read the other way round: prefer the fuller name the maker writes. The rows reading “with Max-Q Design” are excluded from the comparison altogether, being a different product rather than a different name for this one." }, "id": "nvidia-gp104:geekbench-compute-7-opencl", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gp104", "kind": "component" } }, { "candidates": [ { "evidence": "\"New Semiconductor Specification\" table, 2003-04-21: \"Clock frequency: 294.912MHz\". Issued three years after launch, describing shipping silicon.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "294.912" }, "sourceIds": [ "scei-ee-gs-single-chip-2003" ] }, { "evidence": "次世代プレイステーション概要仕様書, 1999-03-02: クロック周波数 ３００ＭＨｚ. Issued a year before launch, in the release that first disclosed the console's specifications.", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "300" }, "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999" ] } ], "decision": { "candidateIndex": 0, "decidedOn": "2026-07-29", "outcome": "accepted", "rationale": "The two figures are the same clock stated to different precision rather than a disagreement about the hardware. 294.912 MHz is 36.864 MHz — the PlayStation 2's audio-derived reference — multiplied by eight, and it is what the console's other clocks divide down from; 300 MHz is not a frequency any crystal in the machine produces. The 1999 release rounds elsewhere in the same table, giving the input/output processor as \"33.8/37.5 MHz\" where the lower figure is the original PlayStation's 33.8688 MHz, so a round \"300\" in a pre-launch announcement is what that document does with a number, not what Sony built. The later release is also the one describing hardware that shipped rather than hardware still a year away." }, "id": "playstation-2:emotion-engine-clock-frequency", "metric": "clock-frequency", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "sony-playstation-2", "kind": "system" } } ], "contextClaims": [ { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310:context-kib-512", "label": "Capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "512" }, "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "acorn-archimedes-arm2:context-bit-32", "label": "Word size", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "bit", "value": "32" }, "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "acorn-archimedes-arm2", "kind": "component" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "acorn-archimedes-arm2:context-unit-1", "label": "Core count", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "unit", "value": "1" }, "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "acorn-archimedes-arm2", "kind": "component" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "acorn-archimedes-ram:context-bit-32", "label": "Word size", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "bit", "value": "32" }, "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "acorn-archimedes-ram", "kind": "component" } 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"label": "Width", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "bit", "value": "32" }, "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:ram" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:context-gb-16", "label": "Capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "16" }, "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:gpu-fp32" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:context-ghz-1-6", "label": "Frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "1.6" }, "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:cpu" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:context-ghz-2-4", "label": "Frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "2.4" }, "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:ram" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:context-mt-s-6400", "label": "Rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MT/s", "value": "6400" }, "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:gpu-fp32" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:context-tflop-s-1-6", "label": "Rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "1.6" }, "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:gpu-fp32" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:context-unit-2", "label": "Count", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "unit", "value": "2" }, "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:gpu-fp32" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:context-unit-2-2", "label": "Count", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "unit", "value": "2" }, "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:cpu" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:context-unit-8", "label": "Count", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "unit", "value": "8" }, "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:power-supply" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:context-w-15", "label": "Contextual value", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "15" }, "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:power-supply" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:context-w-4", "label": "Contextual value", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "4" }, "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-48k:context-kib-16", "label": "Capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "16" }, "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-48k", "kind": "system" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-ram:context-bit-8", "label": "Word size", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "bit", "value": "8" }, "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-ram:context-kib-48", "label": "Capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "48" }, "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-rom:context-bit-8", "label": "Word size", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "bit", "value": "8" }, "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-rom", "kind": "component" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-rom:context-kib-16", "label": "Capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "16" }, "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-rom", "kind": "component" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-z80a:context-bit-8", "label": "Word size", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "bit", "value": "8" }, "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-z80a", "kind": "component" } }, { "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-z80a:context-unit-1", "label": "Core count", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "unit", "value": "1" }, "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-z80a", "kind": "component" } } ], "derivedClaims": [ { "caveat": "Compares memory-capacity-words at memory scope, obtained by design-capacity. Valid only within this comparability group, and reported to 4 significant digits — the precision of the least precise input.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "a ÷ b", "id": "ratio", "version": "1" }, "id": "agc-block-ii:fixed-to-erasable-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "agc-core-rope:capacity", "agc-erasable-core:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "unit", "value": "18" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-memory:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 12, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "960000000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 512 KiB (read-only firmware, not memory the machine can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "512 KiB of Kickstart ROM", "measurementId": "amiga-1200-kickstart-rom:capacity", "reason": "read-only firmware, not memory the machine can write to" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "amiga-1200:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "amiga-1200-chip-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 7, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "2097152" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "amiga-4000:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "amiga-4000-chip-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 7, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "2097152" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Compares clock-frequency at cpu scope, obtained by nominal-clock. Valid only within this comparability group, and reported to 6 significant digits — the precision of the least precise input.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "a ÷ b", "id": "ratio", "version": "1" }, "id": "amiga-500:ntsc-over-pal-clock", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "amiga-500:ntsc:clock-frequency", "amiga-500:pal:clock-frequency" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "unit", "value": "1.00921" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity-words figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 36 864 words (woven at manufacture and unwritable in flight, so it is storage the machine reads from rather than memory it works in). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "36,864 words of fixed rope memory", "measurementId": "agc-core-rope:capacity", "reason": "woven at manufacture and unwritable in flight, so it is storage the machine reads from rather than memory it works in" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "apollo-guidance-computer-block-ii:whole-system-memory-capacity", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "agc-erasable-core:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "word", "value": "2048" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Multiplies the nominal U.S. list price by CPI-U for July 2026 and divides by CPI-U for June 2007. The original price remains the cited launch figure. CPI-U adjusts for U.S. consumer prices; it does not convert currencies or markets. Reported to 3 significant digits, the precision of the nominal price.", "constants": [ { "id": "target-cpi-u", "label": "CPI-U for July 2026", "reason": "The target month in the frozen CPI-U snapshot.", "sourceIds": [ "bls-cpi-u-july-2026" ], "value": "333.918" }, { "id": "launch-cpi-u", "label": "CPI-U for June 2007", "reason": "The month the iPhone went on sale in the United States.", "sourceIds": [ "bls-cpi-u-july-2026" ], "value": "208.352" } ], "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "nominal price × target CPI-U ÷ launch CPI-U", "id": "price-adjusted-by-cpi", "version": "1" }, "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation:launch-price-4gb-july-2026-usd", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-1st-generation:launch-price-4gb" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "USD", "value": "800" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Multiplies the nominal U.S. list price by CPI-U for July 2026 and divides by CPI-U for June 2007. The original price remains the cited launch figure. CPI-U adjusts for U.S. consumer prices; it does not convert currencies or markets. Reported to 3 significant digits, the precision of the nominal price.", "constants": [ { "id": "target-cpi-u", "label": "CPI-U for July 2026", "reason": "The target month in the frozen CPI-U snapshot.", "sourceIds": [ "bls-cpi-u-july-2026" ], "value": "333.918" }, { "id": "launch-cpi-u", "label": "CPI-U for June 2007", "reason": "The month the iPhone went on sale in the United States.", "sourceIds": [ "bls-cpi-u-july-2026" ], "value": "208.352" } ], "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "nominal price × target CPI-U ÷ launch CPI-U", "id": "price-adjusted-by-cpi", "version": "1" }, "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation:launch-price-8gb-july-2026-usd", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-1st-generation:launch-price-8gb" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "USD", "value": "960" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 64 KiB (read-only firmware, not memory the machine can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "exclusions": [ { "label": "64 KiB of Toolbox ROM", "measurementId": "macintosh-128k-rom:capacity", "reason": "read-only firmware, not memory the machine can write to" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "apple-macintosh-128k:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "macintosh-128k-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "131072" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: not applicable (removable program storage, not memory the console can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "removable game-cartridge ROM", "measurementId": "atari-2600:cartridge-storage-capacity", "reason": "removable program storage, not memory the console can write to" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "atari-2600:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "atari-2600-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "128" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "ati-radeon-9700-pro:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "ati-radeon-9700-pro-memory:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 12, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "19800000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Divides bytes transferred by one shared-RAM access by the published memory cycle time. The result is an interface ceiling when a manual specifies nanoseconds per byte instead of a transfer rate. It is not measured application throughput: refresh, contention and wait states can consume cycles. Reported to 3 significant digits. That is the precision of the cycle time, because the bytes-per-cycle constant is exact.", "constants": [ { "id": "bytes-per-memory-cycle", "label": "bytes transferred by one shared-RAM access", "reason": "The manual describes a data path for all eight data bits, so each cited RAM access transfers one byte.", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual" ], "value": "1" } ], "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "bytes per memory cycle ÷ memory cycle time", "id": "memory-bandwidth-from-cycle-time", "version": "1" }, "id": "bbc-micro-model-b:memory-bandwidth-from-cycle-time", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "bbc-micro-model-b:memory-cycle-time" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "4000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 32 KiB (read-only firmware, not memory the machine can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "32 KiB of MOS and BASIC ROM", "measurementId": "bbc-micro-rom:capacity", "reason": "read-only firmware, not memory the machine can write to" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "bbc-micro-model-b:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "bbc-micro-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "32768" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Compares clock-frequency at cpu scope, obtained by nominal-clock. Valid only within this comparability group, and reported to 5 significant digits — the precision of the least precise input.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "a ÷ b", "id": "ratio", "version": "1" }, "id": "commodore-64:ntsc-over-pal-clock", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "commodore-64:ntsc:clock-frequency", "commodore-64:pal:clock-frequency" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "unit", "value": "1.0380" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 20 KiB (read-only, so it is storage the machine reads from rather than memory it works in). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "20 KiB of system ROM", "measurementId": "c64-system-rom:capacity", "reason": "read-only, so it is storage the machine reads from rather than memory it works in" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "commodore-64:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "c64-system-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "65536" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Divides bytes transferred by one processor memory cycle by the published memory cycle time. The result is an interface ceiling when a manual specifies nanoseconds per byte instead of a transfer rate. It is not measured application throughput: refresh, contention and wait states can consume cycles. Reported to 3 significant digits. That is the precision of the cycle time, because the bytes-per-cycle constant is exact.", "constants": [ { "id": "bytes-per-memory-cycle", "label": "bytes transferred by one processor memory cycle", "reason": "IBM gives the cycle time as \"ns/byte\", so the stated processor-generated memory cycle transfers one byte.", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "value": "1" } ], "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "bytes per memory cycle ÷ memory cycle time", "id": "memory-bandwidth-from-cycle-time", "version": "1" }, "id": "ibm-pc-5150:memory-bandwidth-from-cycle-time", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "ibm-pc-5150:memory-cycle-time" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "1190000" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 40 KiB (read-only firmware, not memory the machine can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "40 KiB of BIOS and BASIC ROM", "measurementId": "ibm-pc-5150-rom:capacity", "reason": "read-only firmware, not memory the machine can write to" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "ibm-pc-5150:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "ibm-pc-5150-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "16384" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Compares instruction-execution-time at cpu scope, obtained by add-instruction. Valid only within this comparability group, and reported to 2 significant digits — the precision of the least precise input.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "a ÷ b", "id": "ratio", "version": "1" }, "id": "lvdc-over-agc:addition-time", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "lvdc:addition-time", "agc-block-ii:addition-time" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "unit", "value": "3.5" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "microsoft-xbox-360:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 9, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "536870912" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "microsoft-xbox-one:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-one-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 10, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "8589934592" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-series-x-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 11, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "17179869184" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "microsoft-xbox:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 8, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "67108864" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Multiplies a published clock by floating-point issue slots × floating-point operations per slot per clock, so it is what the documented hardware implies rather than a rate anybody published. Reported to 3 significant digits — the precision of the clock, since the counts are exact. It is a peak in the strictest sense: it assumes every unit is fed on every cycle and nothing ever stalls, which no real program achieves. Both constants are assumptions about the architecture, cited on this claim.", "constants": [ { "id": "issue-slots", "label": "floating-point issue slots", "reason": "The adder and the multiplier are separate functional units and the manual gives each a one-cycle repeat rate, so two floating-point operations can start on every cycle. The divide and square-root units are excluded: the same passage gives them repeat rates of twenty to forty cycles, so they cannot contribute to a per-cycle peak.", "sourceIds": [ "mips-r10000-users-manual" ], "value": "2" }, { "id": "flops-per-slot-per-clock", "label": "floating-point operations per slot per clock", "reason": "One operation per unit per cycle, which is what a one-cycle repeat rate means. Deliberately not the two-per-lane convention used for a fused multiply-add on later graphics hardware: this manual describes an adder and a multiplier as separate units issuing separately, and counting each as two would double the answer on an assumption the document does not support.", "sourceIds": [ "mips-r10000-users-manual" ], "value": "1" } ], "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "clock × issue slots × FLOP per slot per clock", "id": "peak-fp32-from-clock", "version": "1" }, "id": "mips-r10000:peak-fp32-from-clock", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "sgi-octane:1x:clock-frequency" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "FLOP/s", "value": "500000000" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nintendo-64:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "n64-rdram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 7, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "4194304" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nintendo-64:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "n64-rdram:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 9, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "500000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 2 memory-capacity figures obtained by design-capacity. Left out: not applicable (removable program storage, not memory the console can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "removable game-cartridge ROM", "measurementId": "nintendo-entertainment-system:cartridge-storage-capacity", "reason": "removable program storage, not memory the console can write to" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nes-ram:capacity", "nes-video-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "4096" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Multiplies the two halves of a supply rating the maker published instead of a wattage. The arithmetic is exact for direct current — no power factor, nothing assumed — so this is not an estimate. It is still a rating and not a draw: a supply is specified for the worst case with headroom above it, and a machine at rest or at play may use a small fraction of it. Reported to 2 significant digits, the precision of the less precise of the two published figures.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "voltage × current", "id": "power-from-voltage-current", "version": "1" }, "id": "nintendo-gamecube:supply-power", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube:supply-voltage", "nintendo-gamecube:supply-current" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "39" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Adds 2 memory-capacity figures obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nintendo-gamecube:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-ram:capacity", "nintendo-gamecube-sound-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 8, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "41943040" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Multiplies the two halves of a supply rating the maker published instead of a wattage. The arithmetic is exact for direct current — no power factor, nothing assumed — so this is not an estimate. It is still a rating and not a draw: a supply is specified for the worst case with headroom above it, and a machine at rest or at play may use a small fraction of it. Reported to 2 significant digits, the precision of the less precise of the two published figures.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "voltage × current", "id": "power-from-voltage-current", "version": "1" }, "id": "nintendo-switch:supply-power", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nintendo-switch:supply-voltage", "nintendo-switch:supply-current" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "39" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nintendo-switch:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nintendo-switch-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 10, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "4294967296" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-memory:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 12, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "35000000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-memory:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 12, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "86400000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-1080:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-memory:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 12, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "320000000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-memory:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 12, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "192400000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-memory:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 12, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "336000000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-memory:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 12, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "616000000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-memory:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 12, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "1008000000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-5090:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090-memory:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 13, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "1792000000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "nvidia-h100-sxm:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nvidia-h100-memory:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 13, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "3350000000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Compares memory-bandwidth at memory scope, obtained by theoretical-peak. Valid only within this comparability group, and reported to 2 significant digits — the precision of the least precise input. At least one input is a theoretical peak, which is an upper bound rather than an achieved result.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "a ÷ b", "id": "ratio", "version": "1" }, "id": "nvidia-h100:over-playstation-2-gs-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "nvidia-h100-memory:bandwidth", "ps2-gs-edram:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "unit", "value": "70" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Compares memory-bandwidth at memory scope, obtained by theoretical-peak. Valid only within this comparability group, and reported to 2 significant digits — the precision of the least precise input. At least one input is a theoretical peak, which is an upper bound rather than an achieved result.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "a ÷ b", "id": "ratio", "version": "1" }, "id": "playstation-2:gs-edram-over-main-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "ps2-gs-edram:bandwidth", "ps2-main-rdram:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "unit", "value": "15" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 8 MiB (attached to the graphics processor rather than to the CPU); 2 MiB (the sound processor’s own store, reachable only across the peripheral bus). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "8 MiB of texture memory", "measurementId": "dreamcast-texture-ram:capacity", "reason": "attached to the graphics processor rather than to the CPU" }, { "label": "2 MiB of sound memory", "measurementId": "dreamcast-audio-ram:capacity", "reason": "the sound processor’s own store, reachable only across the peripheral bus" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "sega-dreamcast:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "dreamcast-main-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 8, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "16777216" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "sega-dreamcast:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "dreamcast-main-ram:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 9, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "800000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: not applicable (removable program storage, not memory the console can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "exclusions": [ { "label": "removable game-cartridge ROM", "measurementId": "sega-mega-drive:cartridge-storage-capacity", "reason": "removable program storage, not memory the console can write to" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "sega-mega-drive:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "mega-drive-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "65536" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 5 memory-capacity figures obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 512 KiB (boot firmware, not memory the console can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "512 KiB of IPL ROM", "measurementId": "sega-saturn-ipl-rom:capacity", "reason": "boot firmware, not memory the console can write to" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "sega-saturn:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "sega-saturn-ram:capacity", "sega-saturn-video-ram:capacity", "sega-saturn-sound-ram:capacity", "sega-saturn-cd-buffer-ram:capacity", "sega-saturn-backup-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 7, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "4751360" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 4 MiB (on the drawing chip’s own die and unreachable from the processor). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "4 MiB embedded in the Graphics Synthesizer", "measurementId": "ps2-gs-edram:capacity", "reason": "on the drawing chip’s own die and unreachable from the processor" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "sony-playstation-2:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "ps2-main-rdram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 8, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "33554432" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Left out: 48 GB/s (the drawing chip’s own embedded memory, which the processor cannot read or write). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "48 GB/s inside the Graphics Synthesizer", "measurementId": "ps2-gs-edram:bandwidth", "reason": "the drawing chip’s own embedded memory, which the processor cannot read or write" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "sony-playstation-2:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "ps2-main-rdram:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 10, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "3200000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 256 MiB (the RSX’s own pool, which the processor cannot spend on its own work). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "256 MiB of video memory", "measurementId": "ps3-gddr3:capacity", "reason": "the RSX’s own pool, which the processor cannot spend on its own work" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "sony-playstation-3:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "ps3-xdr:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 9, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "268435456" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Left out: 22.4 GB/s (the RSX’s own pool, reached by the processor only across a separate interface). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "exclusions": [ { "label": "22.4 GB/s of video memory", "measurementId": "ps3-gddr3:bandwidth", "reason": "the RSX’s own pool, reached by the processor only across a separate interface" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "sony-playstation-3:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "ps3-xdr:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 11, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "25600000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Divides a published single-precision peak by lanes × floating-point operations per lane per clock, so it is what the vendor’s own figure implies rather than a frequency anybody stated. Reported to 3 significant digits — the precision of the published rate. Both constants are assumptions about the architecture, cited on this claim: get either wrong and the answer scales with it.", "constants": [ { "id": "lanes", "label": "lanes", "reason": "Eighteen compute units, which Sony states, at sixty-four lanes each. The lane count per unit is not Sony's: ComputerBase gives the PlayStation 4 Pro's thirty-six compute units as 2,304 ALUs while naming the base console's eighteen in the same sentence, which is sixty-four per unit either way.", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps4-introduction-2013", "computerbase-ps4-pro-test" ], "value": "1152" }, { "id": "flops-per-lane-per-clock", "label": "floating-point operations per lane per clock", "reason": "The universal convention for a single-precision peak: one fused multiply-add per lane per clock, counted as two operations. It is the same convention NVIDIA states in the GeForce whitepapers this catalog already cites, and every vendor rate here assumes it.", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-whitepaper" ], "value": "2" } ], "editorialStatus": "provisional", "formula": { "expression": "peak FP32 ÷ (lanes × FLOP per lane per clock)", "id": "clock-from-peak-fp32", "version": "1" }, "id": "sony-playstation-4:gpu-clock-from-peak-fp32", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "ps4-gpu:peak-fp32-rate" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "Hz", "value": "799000000" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Multiplies the nominal U.S. list price by CPI-U for July 2026 and divides by CPI-U for November 2013. The original price remains the cited launch figure. CPI-U adjusts for U.S. consumer prices; it does not convert currencies or markets. Reported to 3 significant digits, the precision of the nominal price.", "constants": [ { "id": "target-cpi-u", "label": "CPI-U for July 2026", "reason": "The target month in the frozen CPI-U snapshot.", "sourceIds": [ "bls-cpi-u-july-2026" ], "value": "333.918" }, { "id": "launch-cpi-u", "label": "CPI-U for November 2013", "reason": "The month the PlayStation 4 went on sale in the United States.", "sourceIds": [ "bls-cpi-u-july-2026" ], "value": "233.069" } ], "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "nominal price × target CPI-U ÷ launch CPI-U", "id": "price-adjusted-by-cpi", "version": "1" }, "id": "sony-playstation-4:launch-price-july-2026-usd", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "sony-playstation-4:launch-price" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "USD", "value": "572" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "sony-playstation-4:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "ps4-gddr5:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 12, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "176000000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "exclusions": [], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "sony-playstation-5:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "ps5-gddr6:bandwidth" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 12, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "448000000000" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 1 MiB (owned by the drawing processor and not part of the CPU’s working store). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "1 MiB of video memory", "measurementId": "psx-vram:capacity", "reason": "owned by the drawing processor and not part of the CPU’s working store" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "sony-playstation:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "psx-main-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 7, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "2097152" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Adds 2 memory-capacity figures obtained by design-capacity. Left out: not applicable (removable program storage, not memory the console can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "exclusions": [ { "label": "removable game-cartridge ROM", "measurementId": "super-nintendo:cartridge-storage-capacity", "reason": "removable program storage, not memory the console can write to" } ], "formula": { "expression": "a + b + …", "id": "sum", "version": "1" }, "id": "super-nintendo:whole-system-memory", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "snes-ram:capacity", "snes-video-ram:capacity" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "196608" }, "rounding": "none" }, { "caveat": "Multiplies a published transfer rate by the recorded interface width and divides by the recorded bits-per-byte constant. That is how a memory specification is read when the maker states the rate and the width but no bandwidth. It is the bus at its peak: refresh, bus turnaround and contention between the parts sharing the memory all take some of it back, and no workload sees the whole figure. Reported to 2 significant digits — the precision of the transfer rate, since the width is exact.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "formula": { "expression": "transfer rate × bus width ÷ 8 bits per byte", "id": "memory-bandwidth-from-transfer-rate", "version": "1" }, "id": "valve-steam-deck:memory-bandwidth-from-specification", "inputMeasurementIds": [ "valve-steam-deck:memory-transfer-rate", "valve-steam-deck:memory-bus-width" ], "result": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "B/s", "value": "88000000000" }, "rounding": "half-up" }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. 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This applies worldwide. In some countries this may not be legally possible; if so: I grant anyone the right to use this work for any purpose, without any conditions, unless such conditions are required by law.", "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:PD-self" }, "sourcePageUrl": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SNES-Mod1-Console-Set.jpg", "title": "SNES-Mod1-Console-Set.jpg", "transform": { "background": "#ffffff", "fit": "pad", "note": "The photograph is wider than 4:3 and the machine reaches both ends of it, so no crop keeps the whole subject. The declared margin is the same white as the backdrop the photograph was taken against, which is why it cannot be seen; it is recorded because it is there.", "preset": "image-v1", "sourceHeight": 2840, "sourceWidth": 5472 } }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-17", "alt": "A Steam Deck held in both hands: a wide black handheld with a screen in the middle, thumbsticks, a cross-shaped pad and trackpads at the left, and four buttons and a second trackpad at the right. The screen shows a blocky landscape with the word Minetest across it.", "attribution": "Photograph by Zughy, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.", "canonical": { "byteLength": 84622, "format": "avif", "height": 960, "sha256": "bf1a0a5220894c8679a6ea8e65c17607821fb4cb9ea86785893640bd84590608", "width": 1280 }, "caption": "A Steam Deck, the original LCD model, held at a conference stand. The screen is showing the title screen of Minetest.", "creator": "Zughy", "creatorType": "person", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "valve-steam-deck-handheld", "notes": "The file page states the terms twice, because two works are in the frame: the photograph is CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted here, and the game shown on the screen is under GPLv3 or later. Both permit this publication; the record quotes the photograph's terms, which are the ones this project relies on.", "original": { "byteLength": 1681912, "height": 2760, "mediaType": "image/jpeg", "sha256": "81e3c017e4e4ff407cb82053104ff97070a224654b8cbb067d34462cda1ae98d", "width": 3680 }, "originalUrl": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Minetest_on_Steam_Deck_device_-_FOSDEM_2024.jpg", "publisher": "Wikimedia Commons", "rights": { "id": "cc-by-sa-4.0", "statedAt": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Minetest_on_Steam_Deck_device_-_FOSDEM_2024.jpg", "statement": "This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" }, "sourcePageUrl": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Minetest_on_Steam_Deck_device_-_FOSDEM_2024.jpg", "title": "Minetest on Steam Deck device - FOSDEM 2024.jpg", "transform": { "fit": "exact", "note": "The photograph is already 4:3, so the reduction takes the whole frame and nothing is cut or added.", "preset": "image-v1", "sourceHeight": 2760, "sourceWidth": 3680 } }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-17", "alt": "A black ZX Spectrum photographed against white at an angle, its gray rubber keys printed with several commands each and a rainbow flash across the bottom right corner.", "attribution": "Photograph by ccwoodcock, licensed CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.", "canonical": { "byteLength": 39095, "format": "avif", "height": 960, "sha256": "baea3a7af0fa580f88d59dc32c84863defc958be282343122aea557fea9629a5", "width": 1280 }, "caption": "A rubber-keyed ZX Spectrum. Each key carries a whole BASIC keyword, which is how a 16 KiB ROM was typed at.", "creator": "ccwoodcock", "creatorType": "person", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "zx-spectrum-48k-computer", "original": { "byteLength": 1540326, "height": 1916, "mediaType": "image/jpeg", "sha256": "92fbaaaf02483add9115de89bc19ad020760b57942e8df4a258ff33959cfba29", "width": 3012 }, "originalUrl": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Sinclair_ZX_Spectrum_%287091646959%29.jpg", "publisher": "Wikimedia Commons", "rights": { "id": "cc-by-2.0", "statedAt": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sinclair_ZX_Spectrum_(7091646959).jpg", "statement": "This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/" }, "sourcePageUrl": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sinclair_ZX_Spectrum_(7091646959).jpg", "title": "Sinclair ZX Spectrum (7091646959).jpg", "transform": { "background": "#ffffff", "fit": "pad", "note": "The photograph is wider than 4:3 and the machine reaches both ends of it, so no crop keeps the whole subject. The declared margin is the same white as the backdrop the photograph was taken against, which is why it cannot be seen; it is recorded because it is there.", "preset": "image-v1", "sourceHeight": 1916, "sourceWidth": 3012 } } ], "measurements": [ { "caveat": "No qualifying document-level replacement establishes the memory interface or bandwidth.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics-memory:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "No reviewed source establishes this figure for a Voodoo Graphics board.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "3dfx-sst-1-data-book" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics-memory", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No reviewed source establishes this figure for a Voodoo Graphics board." } }, { "caveat": "No 3dfx document in this catalog states the card's memory. Wikipedia gives 4 MB of EDO DRAM for the board as it shipped, and the catalog carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics-memory:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MB", "value": "4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "3dfx-sst-1-data-book", "wikipedia-voodoo-graphics" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Two independent technical histories agree on this graphics-clock figure.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "hardware-fr-3dfx-voodoo:clock", "toms-hardware-fr-3dfx-voodoo:clock" ], "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics:clock-frequency-base", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "50000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "50" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "hardware-fr-3dfx-voodoo", "toms-hardware-fr-3dfx-voodoo" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "No qualifying document-level replacement establishes an FP32 rate for this fixed-function card.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "No reviewed source establishes this figure for a Voodoo Graphics board; fill rate is not treated as FLOPS.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "3dfx-sst-1-data-book" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No reviewed source establishes this figure for a Voodoo Graphics board." } }, { "caveat": "No qualifying document-level replacement establishes a pixel fill rate.", "comparabilityGroup": "pixel-fill-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics:pixel-fill-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "pixel-fill-rate", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "No reviewed source establishes this figure for a Voodoo Graphics board.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "3dfx-sst-1-data-book" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No reviewed source establishes this figure for a Voodoo Graphics board." } }, { "caveat": "No qualifying document-level replacement establishes a board-power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|gpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "No reviewed source establishes this figure for a Voodoo Graphics board.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "3dfx-sst-1-data-book" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No reviewed source establishes this figure for a Voodoo Graphics board." } }, { "caveat": "No qualifying document-level replacement establishes a texel fill rate.", "comparabilityGroup": "texel-fill-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics:texel-fill-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "texel-fill-rate", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "No reviewed source establishes this figure for a Voodoo Graphics board.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "3dfx-sst-1-data-book" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No reviewed source establishes this figure for a Voodoo Graphics board." } }, { "caveat": "The fitted frame-buffer bandwidth is unknown, so no whole-system value can be recorded.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "No reviewed source establishes this figure for a Voodoo Graphics board.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "3dfx-sst-1-data-book" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No reviewed source establishes this figure for a Voodoo Graphics board." } }, { "caveat": "The cited Acorn manual states no clock. Wikipedia gives 8 MHz for the ARM2 in the first machines of this range, this one among them, and the catalog carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference", "wikipedia-acorn-archimedes" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The manual lists selectable video clock settings, but no single nominal graphics-clock frequency for the A310.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no single nominal graphics-clock figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manual provides no compatible graphics-clock value." } }, { "caveat": "The manual says the system uses fast-page DRAM access, but gives no transfer-rate figure from which memory bandwidth can be stated.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no memory transfer-rate figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manual provides no memory transfer rate." } }, { "caveat": "This is the continuous output rating of the A500-series power supply, not a measured operating draw.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "acorn-a500-technical-reference:power-supply-output" ], "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "100" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "100" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "No whole-system memory total can be supported while the verified source provides no RAM figure.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No whole-system total can be derived without a verified RAM figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "A whole-system total cannot be derived from the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for acorn-archimedes-arm2:peak-fp32-rate: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "acorn-archimedes-arm2:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "ARM2 has no integrated floating-point hardware; the later FPA is a separate option.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "acorn-archimedes-arm2", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The verified archive index does not expose a page-level RAM quotation.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "acorn-archimedes-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No page-level RAM figure has been verified in the cited manual.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "acorn-archimedes-ram", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manual has no page-level compatible value." } }, { "caveat": "The verified archive index does not expose a page-level ROM quotation.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "acorn-archimedes-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No page-level ROM figure has been verified in the cited manual.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "acorn-archimedes-rom", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manual has no page-level compatible value." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "instruction-execution-time|cpu|add-instruction", "conditions": "Single-precision addition: two 11.7 µs memory cycles.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247:table-1" ], "id": "agc-block-ii:addition-time", "method": "add-instruction", "metric": "instruction-execution-time", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.0000234" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "us", "value": "23.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "agc-block-ii", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "Master oscillator rate, stated by the report as 2.048 megapulses per second.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247:page-29:clock" ], "id": "agc-block-ii:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2048000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "2.048" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "agc-block-ii", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The report gives 11.7 µs both in table I and in the running text. Twelve pulses of 0.977 µs would be 11.724 µs; the rounded figure the report states is the one recorded.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-cycle-time|cpu|nominal-cycle-time", "conditions": "Twelve time pulses of 0.977 µs. Fixed and erasable memory share one cycle time.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247:page-29:memory-cycle", "ntrs-19760016247:table-1" ], "id": "agc-block-ii:memory-cycle-time", "method": "nominal-cycle-time", "metric": "memory-cycle-time", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.0000117" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "us", "value": "11.7" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "agc-block-ii", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Not comparable with the addition time: a different instruction is a different comparability group, and the ratio between them describes this machine's order code rather than its speed.", "comparabilityGroup": "instruction-execution-time|cpu|multiply-instruction", "conditions": "Four 11.7 µs memory cycles. Block I took 117 µs for the same operation.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247:table-1" ], "id": "agc-block-ii:multiplication-time", "method": "multiply-instruction", "metric": "instruction-execution-time", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.0000468" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "us", "value": "46.8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "agc-block-ii", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247:page-26:central-section", "ntrs-19760016247:table-1" ], "id": "agc-block-ii:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The AGC has no floating-point hardware. Its arithmetic unit is a one's-complement fixed-point adder with shifting gates, so there is no rate to state — the question does not apply.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "agc-block-ii", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp64-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247:page-26:central-section", "ntrs-19760016247:table-1" ], "id": "agc-block-ii:peak-fp64-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp64-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No floating-point hardware. The double-precision instructions in the Block II order code operate on pairs of 15 bit fixed-point words, which is not double-precision floating point.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "agc-block-ii", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A word is 15 bit plus parity. Converting this capacity to bytes needs the word width and is published as a derived claim, never as a unit conversion.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity-words|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Six rope modules; total fixed read-only capacity of the Block II computer.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247:table-1", "ntrs-19760016247:page-25:memory" ], "id": "agc-core-rope:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity-words", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "word", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "36864" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "word", "value": "36864" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "agc-core-rope", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The first eight locations are central and special registers rather than general storage.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity-words|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Coincident-current ferrite core array wired in 32 by 64 planes.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247:table-1", "ntrs-19760016247:page-25:memory" ], "id": "agc-erasable-core:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity-words", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "word", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2048" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "word", "value": "2048" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "agc-erasable-core", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The lower declared clock. The separately named upper clock is a different quantity and uses peak-clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amd-navi31:clock-frequency-base", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2300000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "2300" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amd-navi31", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "AMD calls this the boost clock. Its separate game clock is a nominal-clock measurement.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|peak-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amd-navi31:clock-frequency-boost", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2500000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "2500" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amd-navi31", "kind": "component" } }, { "asOf": "2026-08-18", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench-compute", "variant": "opencl", "version": "7" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling average for this graphics processor, read from the 25 July 2026 OpenCL chart. Version 7 calibrates a compute result against a baseline of 100,000, so it may be compared only with another Geekbench 7 OpenCL figure from this curation round, never with a Metal figure, an earlier version or a processor score. The chart also lists this processor under “Radeon RX 7900 XTX”, at 212 610; the row naming the product as its maker does was taken, and the disagreement is recorded in the conflict ledger.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-compute-score|gpu|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench-compute@7:opencl", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:rx-7900-xtx", "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "amd-navi31:geekbench-compute-7-opencl", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 6, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "208566" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "208566" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "amd-navi31", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "AMD’s 61.42 TFLOPS uses 12,288 stream processors × two FP32 operations per cycle × the 2500 MHz boost clock, never the 2300 MHz game clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "12,288 stream processors × 2 FP32 operations per cycle × 2500 MHz boost clock.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amd-navi31:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "61420000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "61.42" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-product-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "amd-navi31", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The vendor’s board-power rating, not a measured system draw.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|gpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amd-navi31:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "355" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "355" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amd-navi31", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Vendor-stated maximum transfer rate of this memory interface, not a benchmarked application result.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-memory:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "960000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "960" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-product-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The frame buffer fitted to the reference accelerator; host memory is excluded.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-memory:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "25769803776" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "24" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Adds the one fitted frame-buffer bandwidth. No host memory is included.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "derivedFrom": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "960000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "960" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-product-specifications" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Chip memory only: what the AGA chipset can reach. Fast memory added in the CPU slot or the PCMCIA slot is invisible to the graphics hardware and is not counted here.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "The maximum Chip memory, which the manual records as the standard configuration by the time it was written. Machines shipped with 1 MB on the motherboard.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "a1200-sm:a-1:specifications", "a1200-sm:5-3:functional-specification" ], "id": "amiga-1200-chip-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2097152" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-1200-chip-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Kickstart 3.0 mask ROM, organized as 128K by 32 bit.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "a1200-sm:a-1:specifications" ], "id": "amiga-1200-kickstart-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "524288" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "512" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-1200-kickstart-rom", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Unknown for the same reason as the Amiga 500’s, one generation later: the documents describe the custom chips by what they can reach and how fast they can be fed, never by a clock of their own.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amiga-1200:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The service manual gives the processor clock and the crystal it is divided from, and no frequency for the AGA chipset.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-1200", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked service manual provides no AGA chipset clock." } }, { "caveat": "Unknown. The A1200 widened the path to Chip memory to 32 bit, which is the change that mattered most for graphics on this machine, and it is recorded as a width because a width is what the manual states.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amiga-1200:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The service manual states the data path width and the memory fitted, and no transfer rate.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-1200", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked service manual provides no memory transfer rate." } }, { "caveat": "Both the appendix A table and the functional specification agree on this figure once the scan's habit of reading 3 as 8 is corrected against the crystal frequency.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "NTSC machines. Half the 28.63636 MHz NTSC base crystal, which gives 14.31818 MHz exactly.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "a1200-sm:a-1:specifications", "a1200-sm:5-3:functional-specification" ], "id": "amiga-1200:ntsc:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "14320000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "14.32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "ntsc", "id": "amiga-1200", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The same manual states 14.18 MHz in its functional-specification section. The conflict ledger records why 14.19 was accepted. Note also that this is roughly twice the Amiga 500's clock while the machine is considerably more than twice as capable, because the data path doubled as well.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "PAL machines. Half the 28.37516 MHz PAL base crystal, which gives 14.18758 MHz exactly.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "a1200-sm:a-1:specifications" ], "id": "amiga-1200:pal:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "14190000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "14.19" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "pal", "id": "amiga-1200", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A supply rating, not a draw: nothing here was measured, and the manual says the A1200 shares the supply with the A600, so the figure describes what Commodore fitted rather than what this machine uses. Comparable in kind with the Apollo Guidance Computer’s 70 W and the Mac mini’s 150 W, and with nothing anybody put a meter on, which is why the metric forbids ratios.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "The switching supply the machine ships with, from the technical specification table.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "amiga-1200-sm:appendix-a:power-supply" ], "id": "amiga-1200:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "23" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "23" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-1200", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 512 KiB of Kickstart ROM (read-only firmware, not memory the machine can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Chip memory fitted to the base machine, which is all of its writable memory.", "derivedFrom": "amiga-1200:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "a1200-sm:a-1:specifications", "a1200-sm:5-3:functional-specification" ], "id": "amiga-1200:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2097152" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "amiga-1200", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The guide documents one- and two-MiB Chip RAM configurations. This record uses the two-MiB configuration, the maximum shared pool the motherboard supports, rather than folding its variable Fast RAM into one total.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "a4000-ug:4-4:chip-ram" ], "id": "amiga-4000-chip-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2097152" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "commodore-amiga-4000-user-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-4000-chip-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This is the synchronous 68060 configuration described in the CYBERSTORM manual. It is an accelerator replacement for the original processor module.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "cyberstorm-mk1:4-1:clock-jumpers" ], "id": "amiga-4000:cyberstorm-68060:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "50000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "50" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "phase5-cyberstorm-mk1-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "cyberstorm-68060", "id": "amiga-4000", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The A4000 manual calls the graphics hardware an AA multichip coprocessor system and gives no separate operating clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amiga-4000:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The checked manuals state no separate AA chipset clock.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "commodore-amiga-4000-user-guide", "phase5-cyberstorm-mk1-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-4000", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-26", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manuals name the AA chipset but state no chipset clock." } }, { "caveat": "The manuals distinguish shared Chip RAM from CPU-only Fast RAM, but state no comparable memory transfer rate.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amiga-4000:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The checked manuals provide capacity and memory topology, not a transfer rate.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "commodore-amiga-4000-user-guide", "phase5-cyberstorm-mk1-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-4000", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-26", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manuals state no reproducible memory transfer rate." } }, { "caveat": "The checked manuals do not publish a whole-system electrical rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amiga-4000:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The checked manuals state no whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "commodore-amiga-4000-user-guide", "phase5-cyberstorm-mk1-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-4000", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-26", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source", "specialist-reference" ], "summary": "The checked manuals state no whole-system electrical rating." } }, { "caveat": "Commodore documents the standard processor module as a 68040-series part at this nominal clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "a4000-ug:xi:features" ], "id": "amiga-4000:standard:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "25000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "25" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "commodore-amiga-4000-user-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "standard", "id": "amiga-4000", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A contemporary report records Motorola's peak claim for the standard processor. It is a processor ceiling, not a measured Amiga application result.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amiga-4000:standard:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MFLOP/s", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "techmonitor-motorola-68040-launch" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "configurationId": "standard", "id": "amiga-4000", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds the selected 2 MiB Chip-memory configuration. Fast RAM remains outside the total because the manual gives it as a changeable range rather than one fixed A4000 loadout.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "The selected two-MiB Chip-RAM configuration; CPU-only Fast RAM is excluded.", "derivedFrom": "amiga-4000:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "a4000-ug:4-4:chip-ram" ], "id": "amiga-4000:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2097152" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "commodore-amiga-4000-user-guide" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "amiga-4000", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Chip memory only: what the custom chips can reach. It is not the machine's total RAM, and the two are not interchangeable: Fast memory is invisible to the graphics and audio hardware.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Chip memory in a base Amiga 500, per table 1-1. The maximum with a later Agnus is 1 MiB.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "amiga-hrm:p5:table-1-1", "amiga-hrm:p3:chip-memory" ], "id": "amiga-500-chip-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "524288" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "512" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-hardware-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-500-chip-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Unknown rather than not-applicable. The Commodore 64’s manual names a single video dot clock, while the Amiga’s names several clocks the display hardware runs from and leaves which one is \"the chipset’s\" to the reader. Picking one would be this project answering a question the document declines to.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "amiga-hrm:glossary:base-crystal" ], "id": "amiga-500:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The Hardware Reference Manual describes the custom chips by the clocks the bus carries them — a 7.16 MHz system clock, a 3.58 MHz color clock — and never gives the chipset a frequency of its own.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-hardware-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-500", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manual provides no separate chipset clock." } }, { "caveat": "Unknown, not not-applicable. What the manual gives instead is more useful than a rate and less summarizable: Chip memory is the pool the display hardware can see, and the cycles it takes are cycles the processor does not get.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "amiga-hrm:p3:chip-memory" ], "id": "amiga-500:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The manual states which parts of memory the custom chips can reach and how bus cycles are shared between them, and states no transfer rate.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-hardware-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-500", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manual provides no memory transfer rate." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "NTSC machines with the stock system clock, derived from the 28.63636 MHz base crystal.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "amiga-hrm:p2:68000" ], "id": "amiga-500:ntsc:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 6, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "7159090" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "7.15909" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-hardware-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "ntsc", "id": "amiga-500", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The manual notes these rates can vary with an external system clock, such as from a genlock board. The figure describes the processor only; the custom chips do much of the machine's work in parallel with it.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "PAL machines with the stock system clock, derived from the 28.37516 MHz base crystal.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "amiga-hrm:p2:68000" ], "id": "amiga-500:pal:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 6, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "7093790" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "7.09379" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-hardware-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "pal", "id": "amiga-500", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The Amiga 1200 states 23 watts because its service manual has a specification table. No such table has been found for the A500 in a source this catalog accepts, so the question stays open rather than being answered from an enthusiast page.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amiga-500:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The Hardware Reference Manual is a programming document and rates no power for the machine; the supply figures in it are for expansion cards drawing from the bus.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-hardware-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-500", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked programming manual provides no whole-system power rating." } }, { "caveat": "The third edition dates from 1991, and its base Amiga 500 is a later machine than the 512 KiB one sold in 1987. Chip memory is a subset of this figure, not an addition to it.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Total RAM of the base model in the manual's third edition. The maximum is 9 MiB.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "amiga-hrm:p5:table-1-1" ], "id": "amiga-500:total-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1048576" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "1" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-hardware-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amiga-500", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The Amstrad technical specification lists the Z80A clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions:cpu-clock" ], "id": "amstrad-cpc-464:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "pal", "id": "amstrad-cpc-464", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The user guide provides no page-level graphics-clock figure suitable for this record.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amstrad-cpc-464:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No accepted graphics-clock figure was located in the user guide.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amstrad-cpc-464", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked guide provides no compatible graphics-clock value." } }, { "caveat": "The user guide provides no memory transfer-rate figure from which bandwidth can be stated.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amstrad-cpc-464:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No accepted memory transfer-rate figure was located in the user guide.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amstrad-cpc-464", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked guide provides no memory transfer rate." } }, { "caveat": "The user guide provides no whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amstrad-cpc-464:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No accepted whole-system power rating was located in the user guide.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amstrad-cpc-464", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked guide provides no whole-system power rating." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "sustained-fp40-rate|whole-system|benchmark-run", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amstrad-cpc-464:sustained-fp40-rate", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "sustained-fp40-rate", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "A Locomotive BASIC result needs a named reproducible benchmark before it can be stated.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "amstrad-cpc-464", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No named reproducible benchmark result is present in the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "No whole-system memory total can be supported while the verified source provides no RAM figure.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amstrad-cpc-464:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No whole-system total can be derived without a verified RAM figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amstrad-cpc-464", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "A whole-system total cannot be derived from the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "The Amstrad technical specification lists the fitted RAM capacity.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions:ram-capacity" ], "id": "amstrad-cpc464-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "65536" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amstrad-cpc464-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The verified user-guide record does not expose a page-level ROM quotation.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amstrad-cpc464-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No page-level ROM figure has been verified in the cited guide.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amstrad-cpc464-rom", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked guide has no page-level ROM capacity value." } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for amstrad-cpc464-z80a:peak-fp32-rate: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "amstrad-cpc464-z80a:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The Z80A contains no floating-point hardware.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "amstrad-cpc464-z80a", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Unknown, and the absence says something about the era rather than about the document. A machine whose timing is quoted as an 11.7 microsecond memory cycle is being described in the unit that mattered; bytes per second is a later question, and multiplying the cycle time by the word length to answer it would be this project’s arithmetic rather than the report’s.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247:page-29:memory-cycle" ], "id": "apollo-guidance-computer-block-ii:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The report describes the memory by cycle time and word length rather than by a transfer rate, which is how core-memory machines were specified.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apollo-guidance-computer-block-ii", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked report provides cycle time and word length, not a bandwidth value." } }, { "caveat": "A design figure for the whole unit, not a measured draw under a stated workload and not a cooling-design target. It is not comparable with a component TDP in either direction.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "Complete computer including memory, power supply and packaging. Block I drew 100 W.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247:table-1" ], "id": "apollo-guidance-computer-block-ii:rated-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "70" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "70" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "block-ii", "id": "apollo-guidance-computer-block-ii", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "system-power-draw|whole-system|wall-measurement", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apollo-guidance-computer-block-ii:system-power-draw", "method": "wall-measurement", "metric": "system-power-draw", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No measured draw under a stated workload has been found in an acceptable source. The 70 W design rating is recorded separately and is a different quantity.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "configurationId": "block-ii", "id": "apollo-guidance-computer-block-ii", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No workload-qualified system power measurement is present in the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity-words figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 36 864 words of fixed rope memory (woven at manufacture and unwritable in flight, so it is storage the machine reads from rather than memory it works in). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity-words|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "The erasable core memory. The 36 864 words of fixed rope memory are excluded and named on the claim.", "derivedFrom": "apollo-guidance-computer-block-ii:whole-system-memory-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247:page-25:memory" ], "id": "apollo-guidance-computer-block-ii:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity-words", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "word", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2048" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "word", "value": "2048" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "apollo-guidance-computer-block-ii", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-ii-6502:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The manual documents software floating point but does not explicitly state whether the Apple II configuration has floating-point hardware.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-ii-6502", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No named reproducible benchmark result is present in the checked material." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual:memory-configuration" ], "id": "apple-ii-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The January 1978 manual leaves fitted RAM dependent on the purchased configuration and does not state one universal capacity.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-ii-ram", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked reference manual provides no universal comparable value." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual:memory-configuration" ], "id": "apple-ii-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8192" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-ii-rom", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual:cpu-clock" ], "id": "apple-ii:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1023000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1.023" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "ram-unspecified", "id": "apple-ii", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual:video-reference" ], "id": "apple-ii:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reference manual describes several display timing signals but does not state one frequency for a graphics processor.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-ii", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked reference manual provides no compatible published value." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-ii:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reference manual specifies memory organization, not a transfer-rate figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-ii", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked reference manual provides no compatible published value." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-ii:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The manual gives power-supply limits and a minimum-load condition, not a comparable whole-system consumption rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-ii", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked reference manual provides no comparable power rating." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "sustained-fp40-rate|whole-system|benchmark-run", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-ii:sustained-fp40-rate", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "sustained-fp40-rate", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "The ROM format is outside FP32 and FP64; no named, reproducible benchmark run has yet been admitted.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-ii", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked reference manual provides no comparable power rating." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual:memory-configuration" ], "id": "apple-ii:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The January 1978 manual leaves fitted RAM dependent on the purchased configuration, so it does not support one whole-system writable-memory capacity.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-ii", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked reference manual provides no universal comparable value." } }, { "asOf": "2026-08-18", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench-compute", "variant": "metal", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling average for this graphics processor, read from the 18 July 2026 Metal chart. It may be compared only with another Geekbench 6 Metal figure from this curation round, never with an OpenCL figure, a later version or a processor score. The chart keys the row on the A14’s graphics processor, so the figure describes the chip wherever it is fitted rather than this phone alone.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-compute-score|gpu|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench-compute@6:metal", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-metal-chart-2026-07-18:apple-a14", "geekbench-metal-chart-2026-07-18:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "apple-iphone-12-gpu:geekbench-compute-6-metal", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16049" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "16049" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-metal-benchmark-chart-2026-07-18" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-12-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The cited Geekbench report gives the phone's displayed CPU clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-12:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2990000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "2.99" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "itmedia-iphone-12-a14-geekbench" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-12", "kind": "system" } }, { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench", "variant": "multi-core", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling device average. It may be compared only with the same variant from this capture date.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-score|whole-system|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench@6:multi-core", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-12:geekbench-6-multi-core", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4293" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "4293" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-apple-iphone-12-chart-2026-07-26" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-12", "kind": "system" } }, { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench", "variant": "single-core", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling device average. It may be compared only with the same variant from this capture date.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-score|whole-system|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench@6:single-core", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-12:geekbench-6-single-core", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1826" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "1826" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-apple-iphone-12-chart-2026-07-26" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-12", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple gives no GPU operating frequency in the cited technical specification.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-12:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple gives no GPU operating frequency in the cited technical specification.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-12-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-12", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No checked source states an A14 GPU clock tied to this phone configuration." } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-12:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-12-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-12", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "benchmark-database", "specialist-reference", "community-source" ], "summary": "No checked source states a standalone FP32 throughput for the A14 GPU." } }, { "caveat": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-12:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-12-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-12", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source", "specialist-reference" ], "summary": "Battery-life and charging claims do not state a whole-phone rated power." } }, { "caveat": "The interface figure is a tier C specification claim.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-12:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "34130000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "34.13" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "phonedb-apple-a14" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-12", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The teardown identifies the RAM package beneath the A14 system-on-chip.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-12:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4000000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ifixit-iphone-12-teardown" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-12", "kind": "system" } }, { "asOf": "2026-08-18", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench-compute", "variant": "metal", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling average for this graphics processor, read from the 18 July 2026 Metal chart. It may be compared only with another Geekbench 6 Metal figure from this curation round, never with an OpenCL figure, a later version or a processor score. The chart keys the row on the A17 Pro’s graphics processor, so the figure describes the chip wherever it is fitted rather than this phone alone.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-compute-score|gpu|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench-compute@6:metal", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-metal-chart-2026-07-18:apple-a17-pro", "geekbench-metal-chart-2026-07-18:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro-gpu:geekbench-compute-6-metal", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "26779" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "26779" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-metal-benchmark-chart-2026-07-18" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The Geekbench result identifies the retail phone and reports its base frequency.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3780000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "3.78" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-iphone-15-pro-result-111108" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench", "variant": "multi-core", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling device average. It may be compared only with the same variant from this capture date.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-score|whole-system|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench@6:multi-core", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro:geekbench-6-multi-core", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "6863" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "6863" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-apple-iphone-15-pro-chart-2026-07-26" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench", "variant": "single-core", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling device average. It may be compared only with the same variant from this capture date.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-score|whole-system|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench@6:single-core", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro:geekbench-6-single-core", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2535" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "2535" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-apple-iphone-15-pro-chart-2026-07-26" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The device-tree reading is published by a tier C source.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1338000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1338" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "the-apple-wiki-a17-pro" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-15-pro-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "benchmark-database", "specialist-reference", "community-source" ], "summary": "No checked source states a standalone FP32 throughput for this GPU." } }, { "caveat": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-15-pro-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source", "specialist-reference" ], "summary": "Charging limits and battery-life tests do not state a whole-phone rated power." } }, { "caveat": "The published interface figure is a tier C specification claim.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "51200000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "51.2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "cpu-monkey-apple-a17-pro" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The cited benchmark report identifies the phone's installed RAM.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8000000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "macrumors-iphone-15-pro-geekbench-ram" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "asOf": "2026-08-18", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench-compute", "variant": "metal", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling average for this graphics processor, read from the 18 July 2026 Metal chart. It may be compared only with another Geekbench 6 Metal figure from this curation round, never with an OpenCL figure, a later version or a processor score. The chart keys the row on the A19 Pro’s graphics processor, so the figure describes the chip wherever it is fitted rather than this phone alone.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-compute-score|gpu|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench-compute@6:metal", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-metal-chart-2026-07-18:apple-a19-pro", "geekbench-metal-chart-2026-07-18:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro-gpu:geekbench-compute-6-metal", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "44651" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "44651" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-metal-benchmark-chart-2026-07-18" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "One uploaded Geekbench result reports this base frequency for an iPhone18,1 with an A19 Pro. Apple does not publish the clock, so the figure remains reported rather than confirmed.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4260000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "4.26" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-iphone-17-pro-result-69588" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench", "variant": "power-consumption-150-cd-m2", "version": "5.5" }, "caveat": "Notebookcheck measured an average 4.24 W during Geekbench at the stated display brightness. The source also reports a wide range, so the average describes this workload and no general operating limit.", "comparabilityGroup": "system-power-draw|whole-system|wall-measurement|geekbench@5.5:power-consumption-150-cd-m2", "conditions": "Geekbench 5.5, display at 150 cd/m²; reported average.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro:geekbench-5-5-power-draw", "method": "wall-measurement", "metric": "system-power-draw", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4.24" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "4.24" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "notebookcheck-iphone-17-pro-review" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench", "variant": "multi-core", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling device average. It may be compared only with the same variant from this capture date.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-score|whole-system|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench@6:multi-core", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro:geekbench-6-multi-core", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8719" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "8719" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-apple-iphone-17-pro-chart-2026-07-26" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench", "variant": "single-core", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling device average. It may be compared only with the same variant from this capture date.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-score|whole-system|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench@6:single-core", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro:geekbench-6-single-core", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3162" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "3162" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-apple-iphone-17-pro-chart-2026-07-26" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The Apple Wiki lists 1620 MHz as the maximum GPU clock but does not identify a primary source. Other specification sites repeat the number. Until a technical source states it, the catalog treats it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1620000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1620" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "the-apple-wiki-a19-pro" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 rate. Independent reviews report workload scores, while specification pages derive incompatible peaks from undocumented execution-unit assumptions.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No checked source states a reproducible FP32 peak for the six-core A19 Pro GPU.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-pro-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source", "specialist-reference", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple gives no rate, and the available estimates depend on shader counts and clocks that their sources do not establish together." } }, { "caveat": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating. A Notebookcheck wall measurement is recorded separately because it answers a different question.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-pro-tech-specs", "notebookcheck-iphone-17-pro-review" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source", "specialist-reference" ], "summary": "Apple publishes charging and battery-life limits, while independent tests measure workload-specific draw. Neither is a rated whole-phone draw." } }, { "caveat": "Wikipedia lists LPDDR5X-9600 and 76.8 GB/s for the full A19 Pro. The page is the only checked source that states the bandwidth, so the value is rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "76800000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "76.8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "wikipedia-apple-a19" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "iFixit identifies a Samsung 12 GB LPDDR5X package layered under the A19 Pro. This is working memory, not the phone's separately listed flash storage.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "12000000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "12" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ifixit-iphone-17-pro-chip-id" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Notebookcheck reports this maximum performance-core frequency for the A19. Apple does not publish the clock, so it remains reported rather than confirmed.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4260000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "4.26" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "notebookcheck-apple-a19" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Notebookcheck reports this A19 GPU maximum and identifies the five-core GPU in the regular iPhone 17. Apple does not publish the clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1620000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1620" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "notebookcheck-apple-a19" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for the A19 GPU.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-26", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "benchmark-database", "specialist-reference", "community-source" ], "summary": "No checked source states a standalone FP32 throughput for the A19 GPU." } }, { "caveat": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-26", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source", "specialist-reference" ], "summary": "Apple publishes charging and battery-life claims, not a whole-phone power rating." } }, { "caveat": "Notebookcheck reports the A19 LPDDR5X-8533 controller at this theoretical maximum. Apple does not publish the interface rate.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "68260000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "68.26" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "notebookcheck-apple-a19" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Notebookcheck identifies the regular iPhone 17 with 8 GB of LPDDR5X memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-17:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8000000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "notebookcheck-apple-a19" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-17", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional on the sourcing, not on the number. Apple published no frequency for this machine and one independent analysis establishes it; the policy asks for a tier A source or two agreeing tier B ones, so this waits for a second, and meanwhile feeds no multiplier. The same paragraph says the core is capable of 667 MHz, which is a different quantity and is not recorded: what the part is able to do is not what it was set to do.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The single ARM1176JZF-S core of the shipped phone, deliberately set below the core's capability to save power.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "anandtech-iphone:processor" ], "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation:cpu-clock-frequency-independent", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "412000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "412" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nobody has published this figure: not the vendor, and not the analysis that established the processor's. The analyst writes that he does not have it and guesses at 60 MHz; a guess is quoted here as evidence that the absence is real, and never recorded as the number.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "anandtech-iphone:graphics" ], "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple states no frequency for any part of this machine. The independent analysis that established the processor clock says outright that it has no clock-speed information for the graphics core and is guessing.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple publishes no graphics frequency, and AnandTech identifies the core without establishing a clock. No checked source states one." } }, { "caveat": "The price of the handset alone. Apple sold it only with a two-year AT&T contract in the United States, and the release states nothing about what that cost, so this is what the hardware was listed at, not what owning it came to.", "comparabilityGroup": "launch-price|whole-system|list-price", "conditions": "United States list price of the 4 GB model, as announced in January 2007 and restated at the retail launch in June.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-2007:retail-launch", "apple-iphone-2007:announcement" ], "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation:launch-price-4gb", "method": "list-price", "metric": "launch-price", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "USD", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "499" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "USD", "value": "499" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-retail-launch-2007", "apple-iphone-announcement-2007" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "4gb", "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A hundred dollars for four more gigabytes of flash, which is the only difference the two releases name between the models. As with the 4 GB model this is the handset’s list price and excludes the contract Apple required with it.", "comparabilityGroup": "launch-price|whole-system|list-price", "conditions": "United States list price of the 8 GB model, as announced in January 2007 and restated at the retail launch in June.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-2007:retail-launch", "apple-iphone-2007:announcement" ], "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation:launch-price-8gb", "method": "list-price", "metric": "launch-price", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "USD", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "599" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "USD", "value": "599" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-retail-launch-2007", "apple-iphone-announcement-2007" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "8gb", "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Unknown rather than not-applicable: the ARM11 core in this phone has a vector floating-point unit, so the quantity exists. What does not exist is a published rate for it. This is a machine sold to be a telephone, and nobody asked it how many floating-point operations it could do.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "anandtech-iphone:processor" ], "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The cited analysis states that the ARM11 CPU in the iPhone has a vector floating point unit, and states no rate for it. Apple states nothing at all.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The ARM11 floating-point unit establishes that the quantity exists, but neither Apple nor AnandTech states an FP32 peak rate." } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes battery life for this machine — talk time, standby time, playback time — and battery life is not power. A duration under unstated conditions cannot be turned into watts without the cell's capacity, which Apple also does not publish, so the figure is recorded as unknown rather than computed from something it is not.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-2007:retail-launch" ], "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Neither cited release states a power figure of any kind for the phone or its charger.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-retail-launch-2007" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple publishes battery-life durations, not a phone power rating, and no checked independent source supplies a comparable whole-system value." } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple wrote \"4GB\" and it is read decimally, as makers state flash and disk capacities. This catalog reads a memory part as binary instead. The two quantities are kept in separate metrics precisely because this machine is where they are most often confused: the number on the box is this one, and it is thirty-two times the memory the phone actually runs in.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "The smaller of the two models sold at launch, $499 in the United States.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-2007:retail-launch", "apple-iphone-2007:announcement" ], "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation:storage-capacity-4gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-retail-launch-2007", "apple-iphone-announcement-2007" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "4gb", "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The larger of the two launch models, read decimally for the same reason as the smaller one. Both releases state the same pair of capacities, five months apart; the later one is cited first because it describes hardware that was already in the shops.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "The larger of the two models sold at launch, $599 in the United States.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-2007:retail-launch", "apple-iphone-2007:announcement" ], "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation:storage-capacity-8gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-retail-launch-2007", "apple-iphone-announcement-2007" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "8gb", "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Recorded as unknown rather than left out, so the machine appears in the bandwidth row with a stated absence instead of a blank. The teardown-grade sources that give this phone its clock and its capacity do not reach the memory interface, and Apple published nothing.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "anandtech-iphone:memory" ], "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No source consulted states a memory bandwidth, a bus width or a memory clock for this machine. The one analysis that opens the package describes the memory as 128 MB of DDR on the same die and stops there.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple and AnandTech identify the memory but provide neither its transfer rate nor enough interface details to calculate a compatible bandwidth." } }, { "caveat": "AnandTech reports 600 MHz for the 3GS Cortex A8. Apple does not publish a clock, so one independent source leaves the figure reported.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-3gs:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "600000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "600" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-iphone-3gs-hardware-2009" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-3gs", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple gives no GPU operating frequency in the cited technical specification.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-3gs:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple gives no GPU operating frequency in the cited technical specification.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs-tech-specs", "anandtech-iphone-3gs-gpu-2009" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-3gs", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple publishes no GPU clock. AnandTech identifies the SGX family but presents 100 and 200 MHz as example configurations, not a 3GS clock." } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-3gs:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs-tech-specs", "anandtech-iphone-3gs-gpu-2009" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-3gs", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple publishes no FP32 rate. AnandTech describes the SGX architecture but gives no single-precision throughput for the phone configuration." } }, { "caveat": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-3gs:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs-tech-specs", "anandtech-iphone-3gs-hardware-2009" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-3gs", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple gives battery-life durations, while AnandTech discusses processor power rather than a comparable whole-phone power rating." } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple states flash capacity decimally, the way makers of flash and disk do, and this catalog reads it that way.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "One of the flash capacities Apple lists for this phone.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs-tech-specs:capacity" ], "id": "apple-iphone-3gs:storage-capacity-8gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-3gs", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes neither a memory-interface width nor a memory transfer rate for this phone.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-3gs:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes neither a memory-interface width nor a memory transfer rate for this phone.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-3gs", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple gives no memory-interface rate, and the checked independent analysis names no 3GS DRAM interface details from which to derive one." } }, { "caveat": "Apple does not publish installed DRAM capacity; listed flash storage is not working memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-3gs:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple does not publish installed DRAM capacity; listed flash storage is not working memory.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-3gs", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple lists flash storage, not DRAM. The checked independent hardware analysis does not state an installed 3GS memory capacity." } }, { "caveat": "AnandTech estimates 800 MHz for the A4. Apple does not publish a clock, so this remains reported.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|estimate-from-formula", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "anandtech-iphone-4-performance-2010:cpu-clock-estimate" ], "id": "apple-iphone-4:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "estimate-from-formula", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "800000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "800" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-iphone-4-performance-2010" ], "status": "estimated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple gives no GPU operating frequency in the cited technical specification.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-4:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple gives no GPU operating frequency in the cited technical specification.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs", "anandtech-iphone-4-review-2010" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-4", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple publishes no GPU clock, and AnandTech explicitly records the iPhone 4 GPU clock as unknown." } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-4:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs", "anandtech-iphone-4-review-2010" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-4", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple publishes no FP32 rate, and the checked independent review names the GPU family but gives no single-precision throughput for the phone." } }, { "caveat": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-4:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs", "anandtech-iphone-4-review-2010" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-4", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple gives battery-life durations rather than a whole-phone power rating, and the checked independent review provides no compatible rating." } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple states flash capacity decimally, the way makers of flash and disk do, and this catalog reads it that way.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "One of the flash capacities Apple lists for this phone.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs:capacity" ], "id": "apple-iphone-4:storage-capacity-16gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "16gb", "id": "apple-iphone-4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple states flash capacity decimally, the way makers of flash and disk do, and this catalog reads it that way.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "One of the flash capacities Apple lists for this phone.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs:capacity" ], "id": "apple-iphone-4:storage-capacity-32gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "32000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "32gb", "id": "apple-iphone-4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes neither a memory-interface width nor a memory transfer rate for this phone.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-4:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes neither a memory-interface width nor a memory transfer rate for this phone.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs", "anandtech-iphone-4-review-2010" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-4", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple gives no memory-interface rate, and the checked independent review does not state interface details from which to derive bandwidth." } }, { "caveat": "AnandTech reports 512 MiB on the A4 package. Apple lists flash storage rather than working memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-4:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "536870912" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "512" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-iphone-4-review-2010" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple names the chip and states no frequency. Wikipedia gives 1.3 GHz for the variant of the processor that shipped in this phone, and the catalog carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-5s:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1300000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "1.3" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-5s-teardown-2013", "wikipedia-apple-a7" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-5s", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple gives no GPU operating frequency in the cited technical specification.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-5s:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple gives no GPU operating frequency in the cited technical specification.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-5s-teardown-2013" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-5s", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple publishes no GPU clock, and the checked iFixit teardown gives no GPU frequency." } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-5s:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-5s-teardown-2013" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-5s", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple publishes no FP32 rate, and the checked iFixit teardown gives no GPU throughput figure." } }, { "caveat": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-5s:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-5s-teardown-2013" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-5s", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple gives battery-life durations rather than a whole-phone power rating, and the checked iFixit teardown provides no compatible rating." } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple states flash capacity decimally, the way makers of flash and disk do, and this catalog reads it that way.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "One of the flash capacities Apple lists for this phone.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs:capacity" ], "id": "apple-iphone-5s:storage-capacity-16gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "16gb", "id": "apple-iphone-5s", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple states flash capacity decimally, the way makers of flash and disk do, and this catalog reads it that way.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "One of the flash capacities Apple lists for this phone.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs:capacity" ], "id": "apple-iphone-5s:storage-capacity-32gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "32000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "32gb", "id": "apple-iphone-5s", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple states flash capacity decimally, the way makers of flash and disk do, and this catalog reads it that way.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "One of the flash capacities Apple lists for this phone.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs:capacity" ], "id": "apple-iphone-5s:storage-capacity-64gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "64000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "64gb", "id": "apple-iphone-5s", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes neither a memory-interface width nor a memory transfer rate for this phone.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-5s:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes neither a memory-interface width nor a memory transfer rate for this phone.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-5s-teardown-2013" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-5s", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple gives no memory-interface rate, and the checked iFixit teardown names no interface details from which to derive bandwidth." } }, { "caveat": "iFixit reports 1 GiB in the A7. Apple lists flash storage rather than working memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ifixit-iphone-5s-teardown-2013:installed-memory" ], "id": "apple-iphone-5s:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1073741824" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "1" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ifixit-iphone-5s-teardown-2013" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-5s", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple names the chip and states no frequency. Wikipedia gives 1.85 GHz for the processor as it runs in this phone, and the catalog carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-6s:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1850000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "1.85" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-6s-teardown-2015", "wikipedia-apple-a9" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-6s", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple states no graphics frequency. Wikipedia gives 650 MHz for the six-core graphics block of this chip, and the catalog carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-6s:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "650000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "650" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-6s-teardown-2015", "wikipedia-apple-a9" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-6s", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-6s:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-6s-teardown-2015" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-6s", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple publishes no FP32 rate, and the checked iFixit teardown gives no GPU throughput figure." } }, { "caveat": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-6s:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-6s-teardown-2015" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-6s", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple gives battery-life durations rather than a whole-phone power rating, and the checked iFixit teardown provides no compatible rating." } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple states flash capacity decimally, the way makers of flash and disk do, and this catalog reads it that way.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "One of the flash capacities Apple lists for this phone.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs:capacity" ], "id": "apple-iphone-6s:storage-capacity-128gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "128000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "128" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "128gb", "id": "apple-iphone-6s", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple states flash capacity decimally, the way makers of flash and disk do, and this catalog reads it that way.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "One of the flash capacities Apple lists for this phone.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs:capacity" ], "id": "apple-iphone-6s:storage-capacity-16gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "16gb", "id": "apple-iphone-6s", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple states flash capacity decimally, the way makers of flash and disk do, and this catalog reads it that way.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "One of the flash capacities Apple lists for this phone.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs:capacity" ], "id": "apple-iphone-6s:storage-capacity-32gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "32000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "32gb", "id": "apple-iphone-6s", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple states flash capacity decimally, the way makers of flash and disk do, and this catalog reads it that way.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "One of the flash capacities Apple lists for this phone.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs:capacity" ], "id": "apple-iphone-6s:storage-capacity-64gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "64000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "64gb", "id": "apple-iphone-6s", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes neither a memory-interface width nor a memory transfer rate for this phone.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-6s:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes neither a memory-interface width nor a memory transfer rate for this phone.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-6s-teardown-2015" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-6s", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple gives no memory-interface rate, and the checked iFixit teardown names no interface details from which to derive bandwidth." } }, { "caveat": "iFixit reports 2 GiB in the A9. Apple lists flash storage rather than working memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ifixit-iphone-6s-teardown-2015:installed-memory" ], "id": "apple-iphone-6s:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2147483648" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ifixit-iphone-6s-teardown-2015" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-6s", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple names the chip and states no frequency. Wikipedia gives 2.39 GHz for the two performance cores; the four efficiency cores of the same processor run slower, so this is the fast half of an asymmetric design rather than one clock for the phone. It is carried as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-x:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2390000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "2.39" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-x-teardown-2017", "wikipedia-apple-a11" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-x", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple gives no GPU operating frequency in the cited technical specification.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-x:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple gives no GPU operating frequency in the cited technical specification.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-x-teardown-2017" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-x", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple publishes no GPU clock, and the checked iFixit teardown gives no GPU frequency." } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-x:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes no standalone FP32 throughput figure for this phone GPU.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-x-teardown-2017" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-x", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple publishes no FP32 rate, and the checked iFixit teardown gives no GPU throughput figure." } }, { "caveat": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-x:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Battery-life durations and charging limits are not a whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-x-teardown-2017" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-x", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple gives battery-life durations rather than a whole-phone power rating, and the checked iFixit teardown provides no compatible rating." } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple states flash capacity decimally, the way makers of flash and disk do, and this catalog reads it that way.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "One of the flash capacities Apple lists for this phone.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs:capacity" ], "id": "apple-iphone-x:storage-capacity-256gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "256000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "256" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "256gb", "id": "apple-iphone-x", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory. Apple states flash capacity decimally, the way makers of flash and disk do, and this catalog reads it that way.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "One of the flash capacities Apple lists for this phone.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs:capacity" ], "id": "apple-iphone-x:storage-capacity-64gb", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "64000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "64gb", "id": "apple-iphone-x", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes neither a memory-interface width nor a memory transfer rate for this phone.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-iphone-x:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Apple publishes neither a memory-interface width nor a memory transfer rate for this phone.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs", "ifixit-iphone-x-teardown-2017" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-x", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple gives no memory-interface rate, and the checked iFixit teardown names no interface details from which to derive bandwidth." } }, { "caveat": "iFixit reports 3 GiB in the A11 package. Apple lists flash storage rather than working memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ifixit-iphone-x-teardown-2017:installed-memory" ], "id": "apple-iphone-x:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3221225472" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "3" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ifixit-iphone-x-teardown-2017" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-iphone-x", "kind": "system" } }, { "asOf": "2026-08-18", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench-compute", "variant": "metal", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling average for this graphics processor, read from the 18 July 2026 Metal chart. It may be compared only with another Geekbench 6 Metal figure from this curation round, never with an OpenCL figure, a later version or a processor score. The chart also lists this processor under “Apple M1 GPU”, at 32 442; the row naming the product as its maker does was taken, and the disagreement is recorded in the conflict ledger.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-compute-score|gpu|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench-compute@6:metal", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-metal-chart-2026-07-18:apple-m1", "geekbench-metal-chart-2026-07-18:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "apple-m1-gpu:geekbench-compute-6-metal", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "31387" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "31387" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-metal-benchmark-chart-2026-07-18" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-m1-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "asOf": "2026-08-18", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench-compute", "variant": "opencl", "version": "7" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling average for this graphics processor, read from the 25 July 2026 OpenCL chart. Version 7 calibrates a compute result against a baseline of 100,000, so it may be compared only with another Geekbench 7 OpenCL figure from this curation round, never with a Metal figure, an earlier version or a processor score. The chart also lists this processor under “Apple M1 (G13G B1)”, at 13 136; the row naming the product as its maker does was taken, and the disagreement is recorded in the conflict ledger.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-compute-score|gpu|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench-compute@7:opencl", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:apple-m1", "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "apple-m1-gpu:geekbench-compute-7-opencl", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "17592" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "17592" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-m1-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Recorded as single precision, which Apple does not state: the same editorial reading, and the same reason for provisional status, as the Dreamcast's and the PlayStations' floating-point figures. With no clock and no operations-per-cycle published, it cannot be reconciled with the eight graphics cores it belongs to.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "\"2.6 teraflops of throughput\" for the eight graphics cores, stated on the day the chip was announced.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-m1-2020:gpu" ], "id": "apple-m1-gpu:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2600000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "2.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-m1-announcement-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-m1-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A process name expressed as a length, not a measured dimension: nothing on this die is five nanometers across. The metric forbids ratios for that reason, so this figure can be displayed and never divided.", "comparabilityGroup": "process-node|cpu|die-specification", "conditions": "Fabrication process named by Apple for the M1 die.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-m1-2020:die" ], "id": "apple-m1:process-node", "method": "die-specification", "metric": "process-node", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "m", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.000000005" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "nm", "value": "5" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-m1-announcement-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-m1", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Apple writes \"16 billion\", which is two significant digits. The figure covers the entire die and is recorded at cpu scope only because the metric admits no scope that means \"whole chip\"; it is not a count of the processor cores' transistors, and no vendor breakdown exists.", "comparabilityGroup": "transistor-count|cpu|die-specification", "conditions": "The whole M1 die: processor cores, graphics cores, Neural Engine and memory controller.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-m1-2020:die" ], "id": "apple-m1:transistor-count", "method": "die-specification", "metric": "transistor-count", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "transistor", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "transistor", "value": "16000000000" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-m1-announcement-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-m1", "kind": "component" } }, { "asOf": "2026-08-18", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench-compute", "variant": "metal", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling average for this graphics processor, read from the 18 July 2026 Metal chart. It may be compared only with another Geekbench 6 Metal figure from this curation round, never with an OpenCL figure, a later version or a processor score. The chart also lists this processor under “Apple M4 GPU”, at 54 196; the row naming the product as its maker does was taken, and the disagreement is recorded in the conflict ledger.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-compute-score|gpu|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench-compute@6:metal", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-metal-chart-2026-07-18:apple-m4", "geekbench-metal-chart-2026-07-18:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "apple-m4-gpu:geekbench-compute-6-metal", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "54482" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "54482" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-metal-benchmark-chart-2026-07-18" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-m4-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "asOf": "2026-08-18", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench-compute", "variant": "opencl", "version": "7" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling average for this graphics processor, read from the 25 July 2026 OpenCL chart. Version 7 calibrates a compute result against a baseline of 100,000, so it may be compared only with another Geekbench 7 OpenCL figure from this curation round, never with a Metal figure, an earlier version or a processor score. The chart also lists this processor under “QUALCOMM Apple M4 GPU730”, at 8 518; the row naming the product as its maker does was taken, and the disagreement is recorded in the conflict ledger.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-compute-score|gpu|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench-compute@7:opencl", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:apple-m4", "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "apple-m4-gpu:geekbench-compute-7-opencl", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "32716" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "32716" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-m4-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Apple writes \"16GB\", meaning 16 GiB, and offers it only as a build-time option. The same caveat as the base configuration applies: it cannot be changed afterwards.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Unified memory in the larger configuration, shared by the processor cores, the graphics cores and the Neural Engine.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m1:chip-and-memory" ], "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1:16gb:memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "17179869184" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m1-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "16gb", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple writes \"8GB\", meaning 8 GiB. Fitted in the package and not expandable, so this is the machine's memory for its whole life rather than a starting point.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Unified memory in the base configuration, shared by the processor cores, the graphics cores and the Neural Engine.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m1:chip-and-memory" ], "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1:8gb:memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8589934592" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m1-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "8gb", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The M1 has separately recorded performance-core and efficiency-core clocks; one CPU clock would erase that distinction.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-m1-announcement-2020", "apple-mac-mini-m1-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The other half of the same chip, running at the same time. Four of the 8 cores hold this frequency and four hold 3.2 GHz, so neither figure is \"the M1's clock\" and the catalog does not pretend one of them is. That is also why no multiplier is offered against either: a machine that answers this question twice has no single figure to divide.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The four Icestorm efficiency cores, which AnandTech calls Thunder cores.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "anandtech-m1:clocks", "7cpu-m1:clocks" ], "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1:cpu-clock-frequency-efficiency-cores", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2064000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "2064" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-mac-mini-m1-2020", "7cpu-apple-m1" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1", "kind": "system", "part": "efficiency-cores" } }, { "caveat": "Apple publishes no frequency for this machine, and this figure is not Apple's: two independent parties measured the running hardware and reported the same number. It is recorded beside the vendor's silence rather than instead of it, and it sits in the same comparability group as every other nominal clock, the Commodore 64's included, because the group is set by method and not by who established the number.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The four Firestorm performance cores, in single-threaded work and, given thermal headroom, in all-core loads too.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "anandtech-m1:clocks", "7cpu-m1:clocks" ], "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1:cpu-clock-frequency-performance-cores", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3200000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "3.2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-mac-mini-m1-2020", "7cpu-apple-m1" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1", "kind": "system", "part": "performance-cores" } }, { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench", "variant": "multi-core", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "The same dated snapshot as the single-core figure and a different quantity: the variant is part of the benchmark identity, so this can never be divided by the single-core score to produce a scaling factor.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-score|whole-system|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench@6:multi-core", "conditions": "Mac mini (Late 2020), averaged over every Geekbench 6 result uploaded for the model.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-mac-chart-2026:mac-mini-m1", "geekbench-mac-chart-2026:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1:geekbench-6-multi-core", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8915" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "8915" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-mac-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1", "kind": "system" } }, { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench", "variant": "single-core", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated snapshot of a moving number, not a score this machine got. The latest archived Mac chart available to the 26 July curation run is from 25 July; its hash pins this value. It may be divided only by a figure from the same variant and curation run.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-score|whole-system|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench@6:single-core", "conditions": "Mac mini (Late 2020), averaged over every Geekbench 6 result uploaded for the model.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-mac-chart-2026:mac-mini-m1", "geekbench-mac-chart-2026:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1:geekbench-6-single-core", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2198" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "2198" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-mac-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Notebookcheck reports this clock in its M1 GPU specification table.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1278000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1278" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "notebookcheck-apple-m1-gpu" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A ceiling the machine is permitted to draw, not a figure it reaches: no workload is named, and this is a computer that spends most of its life far below it. Comparable in kind with the PlayStation 2's 79 W rating and with nothing that was actually measured, which is why the metric forbids ratios.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "\"Maximum continuous power\" from the technical specification, on a 100 V–240 V supply. Identical for both memory configurations.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m1:electrical" ], "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "150" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "150" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m1-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional on the sourcing, not on the number. One analysis states it; the other source states the channel count and the memory class it was computed from and stops there. It is also a ceiling the bus allows rather than a rate anything reached: the same page measures a single core copying at 60 to 62 GB/s.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Eight 16 bit channels of LPDDR4X-4266-class memory on a 128 bit bus, shared by the processor cores, the graphics cores and the Neural Engine.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "anandtech-m1:memory-bandwidth" ], "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "68250000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "68.25" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-mac-mini-m1-2020" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The cited Geekbench result identifies this M4 Mac mini and reports its base frequency.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4410000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "4.41" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-mac-mini-m4-result-12154392" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4", "kind": "system" } }, { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench", "variant": "multi-core", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "The multi-core average is a different Geekbench variant from the single-core average and is never used as a scaling factor.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-score|whole-system|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench@6:multi-core", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4:geekbench-6-multi-core", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "15226" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "15226" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-mac-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4", "kind": "system" } }, { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench", "variant": "single-core", "version": "6" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling device average; it is not a score this machine itself got.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-score|whole-system|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench@6:single-core", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4:geekbench-6-single-core", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3273" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "3273" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-mac-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A third-party frequency table identifies this as the M4 GPU maximum.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1578000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1578" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "psutil-apple-gpu-frequency-table" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A third-party specification sheet reports this theoretical peak.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4300000000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "4.3" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "flopper-apple-m4-gpu-spec-sheet" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Maximum continuous power is a vendor rating, not a measurement of a workload.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "155" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "155" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m4-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple states 120 GB/s as the M4 memory bandwidth; the record does not relabel it as an achieved rate.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "120000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "120" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m4-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The baseline M4 configuration is supplied with 16 GB of unified memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "17179869184" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m4-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Apple's hardware guide states this system clock frequency for the original compact Macs.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "apple-guide-to-macintosh-family-hardware-1990:system-clock" ], "id": "apple-macintosh-128k:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "7833600" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "7.8336" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "apple-guide-to-macintosh-family-hardware-1990" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "apple-macintosh-128k", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The compact Macintosh has display timing logic, not a separate graphics processor.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-macintosh-128k:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "macintosh-128k-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-macintosh-128k", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The available sources describe shared DRAM and display fetches, but do not establish a transfer-rate figure compatible with this metric.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-macintosh-128k:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No compatible memory-transfer rate is published for this shared-DRAM design.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "macintosh-128k-technical-reference", "apple-guide-to-macintosh-family-hardware-1990" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-macintosh-128k", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "archive", "specialist-reference", "community-source" ], "summary": "Apple specifications, the archived hardware guide and specialist descriptions establish shared DRAM and video fetches, but none publish a memory-transfer rate for a comparable theoretical-peak measurement." } }, { "caveat": "This is Apple's maximum-watts specification, not a measured operating draw.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "macintosh-128k-specifications:max-watts" ], "id": "apple-macintosh-128k:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "60" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "60" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "macintosh-128k-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "apple-macintosh-128k", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 64 KiB of Toolbox ROM (read-only firmware, not memory the machine can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "apple-macintosh-128k:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "apple-macintosh-128k:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 6, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "131072" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "131072" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "macintosh-128k-technical-reference" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "apple-macintosh-128k", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for atari-2600: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-2600-6507:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This console CPU has no integrated floating-point execution unit.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-2600-6507", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Atari's service manual identifies the fitted 6532; its MOS datasheet specifies the RAM capacity.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "atari-2600-service:riot", "mos-6532-riot-datasheet:ram-capacity" ], "id": "atari-2600-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "128" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "128" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-field-service-manual", "mos-6532-riot-datasheet" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-2600-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for atari-2600: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-2600-tia:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This is a tile, sprite or scanline graphics unit, not a floating-point processor; it executes no FP32 operations.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-2600-tia", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-2600:cartridge-storage-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Cartridges are removable and vary by title; the cited source does not support one fixed capacity for the console.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-2600-cartridge", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The cited guide states no processor clock. Wikipedia gives 1.19 MHz for the 6507 as it runs in this console, and the catalog carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-2600:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1190000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1.19" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide", "atari-2600-field-service-manual", "wikipedia-atari-2600" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "ntsc", "id": "atari-2600", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The cited source does not support a fixed base-console cartridge capacity.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-2600:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The cited manual names the tile-and-sprite graphics unit but does not publish one standalone GPU clock.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide", "atari-2600-field-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-2600", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked Atari guide and technical documentation give no standalone TIA clock." } }, { "caveat": "The Stella Programmer's Guide documents the TIA timing and its eight-bit processor interface, but not a memory transfer rate.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-2600:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed guide gives no memory bandwidth.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide", "atari-2600-field-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-2600", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked Atari guide and technical documentation give neither a memory transfer rate nor a bus specification from which to derive bandwidth." } }, { "caveat": "The Stella Programmer's Guide describes the TIA and PIA but gives no whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-2600:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed guide gives no whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide", "atari-2600-field-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-2600", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked Atari guide and field-service manual provide no compatible whole-system power rating." } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: removable game-cartridge ROM (removable program storage, not memory the console can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "atari-2600:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "mos-6532-riot-datasheet:ram-capacity" ], "id": "atari-2600:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "128" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "128" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "mos-6532-riot-datasheet" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "atari-2600", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for atari-520st-68000:peak-fp32-rate: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-520st-68000:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The 520ST does not fit a 68881 floating-point coprocessor.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-520st-68000", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Atari's service manual attributes this capacity to the 520ST's sixteen RAM chips.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "atari-st-service:520st-ram-capacity" ], "id": "atari-520st-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "524288" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "512" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-520st-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Atari's service manual states this ROM capacity for the 520ST/1040ST system family.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "atari-st-service:rom-capacity" ], "id": "atari-520st-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "196608" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "192" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-520st-rom", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Atari's service manual states this clock for the microprocessor.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "atari-st-service:cpu-clock" ], "id": "atari-520st:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "atari-520st", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The service manual describes the Video Shifter and its timing signals, but does not state a separately named graphics-clock frequency.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-520st:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no separate graphics-clock figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-520st", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked service manual describes the Video Shifter and its timing signals but gives no separately named graphics-clock frequency." } }, { "caveat": "The service manual describes RAM arbitration and peripheral DMA rates, but does not state a main-memory transfer rate from which bandwidth can be stated.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-520st:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no main-memory transfer-rate figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-520st", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked service manual describes RAM arbitration and peripheral DMA, but gives no main-memory transfer rate or bus terms for a bandwidth value." } }, { "caveat": "This is the maximum input rating of the 520ST's separate power supply, not a measured operating draw.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "atari-st-service:520st-max-power-in" ], "id": "atari-520st:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "36" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "36" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-520st", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The service manual states this RAM capacity for the 520ST. Its separate 192 KiB TOS ROM is firmware, not writable working memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-520st:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 6, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "524288" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "524288" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-520st", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for atari-800-6502:peak-fp32-rate: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-800-6502:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The Atari 800's 6502 contains no floating-point hardware.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-800-6502", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The manual identifies this as the maximum Atari 800 RAM configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "atari-800-reference:ram-48k" ], "id": "atari-800-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "49152" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "48" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-800-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The manual specifies the operating-system ROM capacity.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "atari-800-reference:os-rom-10k" ], "id": "atari-800-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "10240" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "10" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-800-rom", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The hardware manual describes ANTIC and CTIA/GTIA, but gives no independent graphics-clock frequency.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-800:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed hardware manual names the display chips but no graphics clock.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-800", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked hardware manual provides no independent graphics clock." } }, { "caveat": "The hardware manual documents display DMA from RAM but gives no transfer rate from which a bandwidth can be stated.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-800:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed hardware manual gives no memory transfer rate.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-800", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked hardware manual provides no memory transfer rate." } }, { "caveat": "The Atari hardware manual explicitly gives this NTSC microprocessor clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "atari-800-reference:cpu-clock-ntsc" ], "id": "atari-800:ntsc:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1790000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1.79" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "ntsc-48k", "id": "atari-800", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The cited passage gives only the NTSC clock. Wikipedia states 1.77 MHz for the PAL machines of this family, and the catalog carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-800:pal:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1770000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1.77" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes", "wikipedia-atari-8-bit" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "pal-48k", "id": "atari-800", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The hardware manual documents peripheral supply lines, including one with an unspecified current, but no whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-800:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed hardware manual gives no whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-800", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked hardware manual provides no whole-system power rating." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "sustained-fp40-rate|whole-system|benchmark-run", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-800:sustained-fp40-rate", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "sustained-fp40-rate", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "A non-IEEE ROM BASIC result needs a named reproducible benchmark before it can be stated.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "atari-800", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No named reproducible benchmark result is present in the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "Atari's technical notes state this as the maximum fitted RAM configuration. The separate 10 KiB firmware ROM is not writable working memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "atari-800:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "49152" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "49152" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "atari-800", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The reference-card graphics clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "ati-r300:clock-frequency-base", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "325000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "325" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "ati-radeon-9700-pro-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ati-r300", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Programmable shaders do not authorize a catalog-side FLOPS estimate without a published operation count.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "ati-r300:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The cited vendor material states no FP32 peak in FLOP/s.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "ati-radeon-9700-pro-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ati-r300", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The cited vendor material provides no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "A recommended host-system supply is not a rating of this accelerator.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|gpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "ati-r300:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The cited vendor material does not state a board-power rating for this accelerator.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "ati-radeon-9700-pro-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ati-r300", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The cited vendor material provides no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "Vendor-stated maximum transfer rate of this memory interface, not a benchmarked application result.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "ati-radeon-9700-pro-memory:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "19800000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "19.8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "ati-radeon-9700-pro-product-brief" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "ati-radeon-9700-pro-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The frame buffer fitted to the reference accelerator; host memory is excluded.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "ati-radeon-9700-pro-memory:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "134217728" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "128" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ati-radeon-9700-pro-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ati-radeon-9700-pro-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Adds the one fitted frame-buffer bandwidth. No host memory is included.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "derivedFrom": "ati-radeon-9700-pro:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "ati-radeon-9700-pro:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "19800000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "19.8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ati-radeon-9700-pro-product-brief" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "ati-radeon-9700-pro", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "bbc-micro-6502:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The detailed hardware documentation does not identify a floating-point processor in the standard Model B.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual", "bbc-micro-user-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "bbc-micro-6502", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked documentation provides no floating-point execution rate." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual:cpu-clock", "bbc-micro-information-sheet:cpu-clock" ], "id": "bbc-micro-model-b:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual", "bbc-micro-information-sheet" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "bbc-micro-model-b", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "bbc-micro-model-b:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The documentation describes the ULA's timing functions without a standalone GPU frequency.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "bbc-micro-model-b", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked documentation supplies no standalone ULA clock." } }, { "caveat": "Divides bytes transferred by one shared-RAM access by the published memory cycle time. The result is an interface ceiling when a manual specifies nanoseconds per byte instead of a transfer rate. It is not measured application throughput: refresh, contention and wait states can consume cycles. Reported to 3 significant digits. That is the precision of the cycle time, because the bytes-per-cycle constant is exact.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "derivedFrom": "bbc-micro-model-b:memory-bandwidth-from-cycle-time", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual:memory-cycle-time", "bbc-micro-service-manual:ram-data-width" ], "id": "bbc-micro-model-b:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MB/s", "value": "4.00" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "bbc-micro-model-b", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-cycle-time|memory|nominal-cycle-time", "conditions": "One shared-RAM access; control alternates between the processor and CRTC.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual:memory-cycle-time" ], "id": "bbc-micro-model-b:memory-cycle-time", "method": "nominal-cycle-time", "metric": "memory-cycle-time", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.00000025" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "ns", "value": "250" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "bbc-micro-model-b", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual:power-supply" ], "id": "bbc-micro-model-b:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The documented PSU rail capability is not a whole-system consumption rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "bbc-micro-model-b", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The documented PSU rail capability is not a system consumption rating." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "sustained-fp40-rate|whole-system|benchmark-run", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "bbc-micro-model-b:sustained-fp40-rate", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "sustained-fp40-rate", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "The non-IEEE BASIC format may be recorded only with a named reproducible benchmark run.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual", "bbc-micro-user-guide" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "bbc-micro-model-b", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No named reproducible benchmark result is present in the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 32 KiB of MOS and BASIC ROM (read-only firmware, not memory the machine can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "bbc-micro-model-b:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual:ram-capacity" ], "id": "bbc-micro-model-b:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "32768" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "32768" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "bbc-micro-model-b", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual:ram-capacity" ], "id": "bbc-micro-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "32768" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "bbc-micro-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "bbc-micro-information-sheet:rom-capacity" ], "id": "bbc-micro-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "32768" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-information-sheet" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "bbc-micro-rom", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Exactly 65 536 B: the manual's \"64K\" is a binary kilobyte. The ROM capacity is recorded separately and overlaps this address range rather than extending it, so the two must never be added.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Dynamic RAM filling the whole sixteen-bit address space.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "c64-prg:p260:memory" ], "id": "c64-system-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "65536" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "c64-system-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Banked over the RAM inside the same sixteen-bit address space, not added to it.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "BASIC, the KERNAL operating system and the standard character set.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "c64-prg:p260:memory" ], "id": "c64-system-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "20480" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "20" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "c64-system-rom", "kind": "component" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "dhrystone", "version": "1.1" }, "caveat": "The first Dhrystone figure in this catalog, and it is provisional because one collection states it and the policy asks for two independent sources. Read it as what it is: a score against the VAX-11/780, not a count of anything this machine executes. 0.0205 DMIPS does not mean twenty thousand instructions per second. It is also version 1.1, which was withdrawn precisely because compilers optimized it away, so it may not be divided by a version 2.1 figure; the benchmark identity refuses that automatically.", "comparabilityGroup": "dhrystone-mips|cpu|benchmark-run|dhrystone@1.1", "conditions": "Run in the machine’s own ROM environment at a clock the table gives as 1 MHz, under Dhrystone version 1.1.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "netlib-dhrystone:commodore-64", "netlib-dhrystone:columns" ], "id": "commodore-64:dhrystone-mips", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "dhrystone-mips", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "IPS", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "20500" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "DMIPS", "value": "0.0205" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "netlib-pds-dhrystone" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "commodore-64", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz|cpu|benchmark-run", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "netlib-dhrystone:commodore-64", "netlib-dhrystone:columns" ], "id": "commodore-64:dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "Netlib gives the result at 1 MHz, which can describe either the PAL or NTSC clock after rounding. Its linked note names only C Power 2.8 with -DROPT. No source establishes a run clock precise enough to normalize the score per megahertz for either catalog configuration.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "netlib-pds-dhrystone" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "commodore-64", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The available benchmark note does not identify a configuration clock." } }, { "caveat": "Unknown, not not-applicable: the machine moves bytes and therefore has a rate. It could be computed — one byte per cycle, and the processor and the VIC-II take alternate cycles — but that arithmetic is this project’s, not the manual’s, and it would have to describe the interleaving rather than just state the product.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "commodore-64:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The Programmer’s Reference Guide describes the memory by capacity, by address map and by which chip may reach which part of it, and never states a transfer rate.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "commodore-64", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked guide provides no memory transfer rate." } }, { "caveat": "The same computer as the PAL machine, running 3.8% faster because the television standard differs. Neither figure is a round megahertz.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "NTSC machines. The manual states this as the system frequency underlying its RS-232 baud-rate formulas.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "c64-prg:p351:system-frequency" ], "id": "commodore-64:ntsc:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 6, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1022730" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1.02273" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "ntsc", "id": "commodore-64", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A pixel rate, not a rate at which the VIC-II executes anything: the chip has no instructions to execute. It is recorded as the machine’s graphics clock because the manual makes it the primary clock of the whole machine, with the processor’s 1.02273 MHz derived from it rather than the other way round. Stated only for the NTSC machine: the guide is a North American publication and never gives the PAL dot clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The video dot clock of the NTSC machine, carried on pin 6 of the expansion port.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "c64-prg:p367:dot-clock" ], "id": "commodore-64:ntsc:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8180000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "8.18" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "ntsc", "id": "commodore-64", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Set by the video standard, not chosen for the processor: the VIC-II derives the system clock from the television timing. The 6510 part itself is rated for 1 MHz and 2 MHz operation.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "PAL machines. The manual states this as the system frequency underlying its RS-232 baud-rate formulas.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "c64-prg:p351:system-frequency" ], "id": "commodore-64:pal:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "985250" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "0.98525" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "pal", "id": "commodore-64", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Recorded so the question is asked and answered rather than left blank. The Amiga 1200’s service manual has a specification table with a supply rating in it; this guide is a programming manual and has no such table, which is a fact about the document rather than about the computer.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "commodore-64:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The Programmer’s Reference Guide gives no power figure for the machine. The only wattage in it is a resistor rating on a schematic.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "commodore-64", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked guide provides no whole-system power rating." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "sustained-fp40-rate|whole-system|benchmark-run", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "c64-prg:p6:floating-point-format" ], "id": "commodore-64:sustained-fp40-rate", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "sustained-fp40-rate", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "The BASIC ROM uses five-byte floating-point numbers. No named, reproducible benchmark run has been admitted for this machine.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "commodore-64", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No named reproducible benchmark result is present in the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 20 KiB of system ROM (read-only, so it is storage the machine reads from rather than memory it works in). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Writable memory available to the processor, in both the PAL and the NTSC machine.", "derivedFrom": "commodore-64:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "c64-prg:p260:memory" ], "id": "commodore-64:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "65536" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "commodore-64", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Audio memory belonging to the AICA chip. Development hardware could carry 8 MiB.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "dc-hw:1-2:system-specification" ], "id": "dreamcast-audio-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2097152" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "dreamcast-audio-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A bus ceiling, not a measured throughput, and the source says so in as many words. It describes main memory only; texture and audio memory have their own paths.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Maximum burst transfer on the 64 bit main-memory bus at 100 MHz. The specification calls it a theoretical value.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "dc-hw:2-3:main-memory" ], "id": "dreamcast-main-ram:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "800000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MB/s", "value": "800" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "dreamcast-main-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Main memory only. The console has a further 8 MiB of texture memory and 2 MiB of audio memory that this figure excludes, and the specification states outright that the SH-4 does not share texture or audio data with main memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Base system space. SDRAM directly connected to the SH-4 on a 64 bit bus.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "dc-hw:2-3:main-memory", "dc-hw:1-2:system-specification" ], "id": "dreamcast-main-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16777216" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "dreamcast-main-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Texture memory belonging to the graphics chip. Development hardware could carry 16 MiB.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "dc-hw:1-2:system-specification" ], "id": "dreamcast-texture-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8388608" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "dreamcast-texture-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "game-boy-advance:cartridge-storage-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Game cartridges are removable media and their ROM capacity varies by title; no cartridge capacity is part of the base console.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "game-boy-advance", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo's AGB programming manual states a rounded 16 MHz CPU figure.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "agb-programming-manual:cpu-clock" ], "id": "game-boy-advance:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "game-boy-advance", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The AGB Programming Manual states the ARM7TDMI system clock and display timings, but not an independent graphics-clock frequency.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "game-boy-advance:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no independent graphics clock.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "game-boy-advance", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manual states system clock and display timing but no independent graphics-clock frequency." } }, { "caveat": "The AGB Programming Manual documents wait states and DMA behavior but does not state a memory-bus width or a bandwidth figure.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "game-boy-advance:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no memory bandwidth or bus width.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "game-boy-advance", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manual describes wait states and DMA but gives no bus width or bandwidth figure for a comparable value." } }, { "caveat": "Provisional and unknown after checking: the only wattage reachable belongs to an optional accessory rather than to the machine as sold.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-gba-adapter:tech-specs:output" ], "id": "game-boy-advance:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo rates an AC-DC adapter for this handheld at 3 V, 300 mA, but it is an accessory bought separately and the machine ships running on two AA cells. A rating for a power source most units never used is not the console’s rated consumption, and Nintendo publishes no figure for the handheld itself.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gba-ac-adapter-set" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "game-boy-advance", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Nintendo's published wattage is for an optional AC adapter, not the battery-powered handheld." } }, { "caveat": "Both terms of the total are rumored. The catalog displays a rumored figure but does not compute with one, so the total waits for a document that states a capacity outright.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "game-boy-advance:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The handheld's work RAM and video RAM are both known only from tier C material. Adding them would rest a new number on that material, which this catalog does not do.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "game-boy-advance", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-26", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Both fitted capacities are published only in tier C material, which may be recorded but may not be summed." } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for nintendo-game-boy: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "game-boy-lr35902:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This console CPU has no integrated floating-point execution unit.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "game-boy-lr35902", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for nintendo-game-boy: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "game-boy-ppu:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This is a tile, sprite or scanline graphics unit, not a floating-point processor; it executes no FP32 operations.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "game-boy-ppu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo's comparison table gives this capacity for the original DMG Game Boy.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "game-boy-programming-manual:dmg-work-ram" ], "id": "game-boy-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8192" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "8192" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "game-boy-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for game-boy-advance: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "gba-arm7tdmi:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This console CPU has no integrated floating-point execution unit.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "gba-arm7tdmi", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for game-boy-advance: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "gba-ppu:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This is a tile, sprite or scanline graphics unit, not a floating-point processor; it executes no FP32 operations.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "gba-ppu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo's verified AGB manual passage states no internal-RAM capacity. Wikipedia gives 288 KiB, the sum of the handheld's two work-RAM banks, separate from the video RAM beside them, which the catalog records separately.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "gba-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "294912" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "288" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual", "wikipedia-game-boy-advance-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "gba-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo's verified AGB manual passage states no video-RAM capacity. Wikipedia gives 98 KiB, and its own hardware section says that figure counts the picture processor's video RAM together with the object attribute memory and palette RAM beside it. The capacity is recorded as the infobox states it, and the catalog carries it as rumored until a Nintendo document states it.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "gba-video-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "100352" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "98" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual", "wikipedia-game-boy-advance-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "gba-video-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A vendor figure with no stated method. It is not a Dhrystone result and must never be compared with one, and because no benchmark is named it is not comparable with any other machine's instruction rate either, only with figures obtained the same way, of which this dataset has none.", "comparabilityGroup": "native-instruction-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Stated by Sega as \"360MIPS (core)\" in the SH-4 features table, with no benchmark named.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "dc-hw:table-2-1:sh4" ], "id": "hitachi-sh4:native-instruction-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "native-instruction-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "IPS", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "360000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MIPS", "value": "360" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "hitachi-sh4", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Held provisional because the source does not state a precision. The FPU row directly above it offers both single and double IEEE 754, and a floating-point rate without its precision is the single most common way hardware comparisons go wrong. Recorded here as single precision on the strength of the operation named, which is an editorial reading rather than a citation, so the figure stays out of automatic multipliers until a source states the precision outright.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|matrix-multiplication-peak", "conditions": "Stated as \"1.4GFLOP (matrix multiplication)\" in the SH-4 features table.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "dc-hw:table-2-1:sh4" ], "id": "hitachi-sh4:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "matrix-multiplication-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1400000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GFLOP/s", "value": "1.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "hitachi-sh4", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The processor’s rating, not the console’s: Sega publishes no figure for the machine, and this answers a narrower question than the Amiga 1200’s 23 watts or the Mac mini’s 150 watts, which are whole-machine ratings. The scope keeps them in separate rows for exactly that reason. \"Typical\" is the manufacturer’s own hedge and nothing here was measured.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|cpu|rated-power", "conditions": "The 200 MHz part, which is the speed grade the console fits. Hitachi states it as typical.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "hitachi-sh7750:power" ], "id": "hitachi-sh4:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1.5" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "1.5" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "hitachi-sh7750-announcement-1997" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "hitachi-sh4", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference:coprocessor" ], "id": "ibm-pc-5150-8088:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The selected 5150 configuration contains no 8087 floating-point coprocessor.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ibm-pc-5150-8088", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference:base-memory" ], "id": "ibm-pc-5150-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16384" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ibm-pc-5150-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference:base-memory" ], "id": "ibm-pc-5150-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "40960" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "40" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ibm-pc-5150-rom", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference:cpu-clock" ], "id": "ibm-pc-5150:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4770000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "4.77" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "base-16k", "id": "ibm-pc-5150", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "ibm-pc-5150:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The 5150 supports different display adapters, so there is no single system GPU clock.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ibm-pc-5150", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Divides bytes transferred by one processor memory cycle by the published memory cycle time. The result is an interface ceiling when a manual specifies nanoseconds per byte instead of a transfer rate. It is not measured application throughput: refresh, contention and wait states can consume cycles. Reported to 3 significant digits. That is the precision of the cycle time, because the bytes-per-cycle constant is exact.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "derivedFrom": "ibm-pc-5150:memory-bandwidth-from-cycle-time", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference:memory-cycle-time" ], "id": "ibm-pc-5150:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1190000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MB/s", "value": "1.19" }, "rounding": "half-up", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "ibm-pc-5150", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-cycle-time|memory|nominal-cycle-time", "conditions": "One processor generated memory read or write cycle with Ready inactive.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference:memory-cycle-time" ], "id": "ibm-pc-5150:memory-cycle-time", "method": "nominal-cycle-time", "metric": "memory-cycle-time", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.00000084" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "ns", "value": "840" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ibm-pc-5150", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference:power-supply" ], "id": "ibm-pc-5150:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The source specifies power-supply limits, not a system consumption rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ibm-pc-5150", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked reference specifies supply limits, not system consumption." } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 40 KiB of BIOS and BASIC ROM (read-only firmware, not memory the machine can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "ibm-pc-5150:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference:base-memory" ], "id": "ibm-pc-5150:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16384" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "16384" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "ibm-pc-5150", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80286-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "524288" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "512" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80286-pc", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Intel's speed-grade table lists three variants. This reference configuration uses the fastest one; it is not a single, named PC model.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "intel-80286-datasheet:speed-grades" ], "id": "intel-80286:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "12500000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "12.5" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-80286-datasheet" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80286", "kind": "component" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "dhrystone", "version": "2.1" }, "caveat": "A named historic Dhrystone 2.1 result, normalized by the run clock; the one-source result remains provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz|cpu|benchmark-run|dhrystone@2.1", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80286:dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.135" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "value": "0.135" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "x86-dhrystone-results" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "intel-80286", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|peak-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80286:peak-clock", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The 80286 predates dynamic turbo modes.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80286", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80286:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The 80286 has no integrated floating-point unit; an 80287 would be a separately fitted coprocessor.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80286", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Kept unknown deliberately rather than for want of a document. Recording 3.3 W here would publish an absolute-maximum stress rating as a thermal design power, which is the same error as reading a power-supply rating off a nameplate and calling it a draw. The figure is not even independent of the current beside it — 600 mA at the top of the 5 V ±5% tolerance is 3.15 W — so it is that ceiling rounded up. Anyone who quotes 3.3 W for an 80286 is quoting this line.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|cpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80286:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The absence is real and now documented, and this is the one period x86 part whose datasheet does print a wattage: 3.3 W. It prints it under ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS, beside a warning that these are stress ratings only and that operation beyond the Operating Conditions is not recommended — a limit past which the part is damaged, not a target a cooling solution is designed to. The operating specification for what this processor consumes is a current: 600 mA maximum at a 0°C turn-on.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-80286-datasheet" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80286", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked datasheet provides no thermal-design-power value." } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80386dx-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4194304" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80386dx-pc", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80386dx:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "25000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "25" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80386dx", "kind": "component" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "dhrystone", "version": "2.1" }, "caveat": "A named historic Dhrystone 2.1 result, normalized by the run clock; the one-source result remains provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz|cpu|benchmark-run|dhrystone@2.1", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80386dx:dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.31" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "value": "0.31" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "x86-dhrystone-results" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "intel-80386dx", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|peak-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80386dx:peak-clock", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The 80386DX predates dynamic turbo modes.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80386dx", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80386dx:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The 80386DX has no integrated floating-point unit; an 80387 would be a separate coprocessor.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80386dx", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Checked against the part's own datasheet rather than against a general history. What Intel published for this generation is an electrical limit, not a thermal-design target, and the two are different quantities however similar the arithmetic looks.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|cpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80386dx:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The absence is real and now documented. The datasheet's DC characteristics specify a supply current for each speed grade — 320 mA maximum against 240 mA typical for the 25 MHz part — and no power figure. The current is quoted against a 50 MHz CLK2 input, which is twice the processor's own frequency, so even the inputs to an unauthorized derivation are easy to misread.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-386dx-datasheet" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80386dx", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked datasheet provides no thermal-design-power value." } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80486dx-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8388608" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80486dx-pc", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80486dx:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "33000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "33" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80486dx", "kind": "component" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "dhrystone", "version": "2.1" }, "caveat": "A named historic Dhrystone 2.1 result, normalized by the run clock; the one-source result remains provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz|cpu|benchmark-run|dhrystone@2.1", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80486dx:dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.79" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "value": "0.79" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "x86-dhrystone-results" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "intel-80486dx", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|peak-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80486dx:peak-clock", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The 80486DX predates dynamic turbo modes.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80486dx", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80486dx:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The 80486DX integrates an x87 unit, but the cited documentation does not state an FP32 peak rate in FLOP/s.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80486dx", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked historical documentation provides no precision-qualified FP32 rate." } }, { "caveat": "Checked against the part's own datasheet rather than against a general history. Intel specified this processor electrically, not thermally, so there is no figure to find: the maximum currents are on the page but not in its text layer, the scan's columns having detached from their rows, and even those are currents rather than a cooling-design target.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|cpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-80486dx:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The absence is real and now documented. The datasheet's DC specifications give supply current in milliamps — typically 700 mA at 33 MHz — and state no wattage anywhere; the Absolute Maximum Ratings beside them cover temperature and voltage only. Multiplying current by the supply voltage would produce a watt figure Intel never published, from a typical rather than a design maximum.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-486dx-datasheet" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-80486dx", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked datasheet provides no thermal-design-power value." } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-8086-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "262144" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "256" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-8086-pc", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-8086:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "5000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "5" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-8086", "kind": "component" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "dhrystone", "version": "2.1" }, "caveat": "A named Dhrystone 2.1 result normalized by the clock stated for that run. It is provisional because the historic result table is a single independent source, not a vendor certification.", "comparabilityGroup": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz|cpu|benchmark-run|dhrystone@2.1", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-8086:dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.055" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "value": "0.055" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "x86-dhrystone-results" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "intel-8086", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|peak-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-8086:peak-clock", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The 8086 predates dynamic turbo modes; its selected speed grade is the nominal clock.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-8086", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-8086:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The 8086 has no integrated floating-point unit; an optional 8087 is a separate processor and is not fitted to this configuration.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-8086", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|cpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-8086:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The historical processor documentation records electrical limits and speed grades, not the later TDP convention.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-8086", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked historical documentation provides no thermal-design-power value." } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Intel's 64 GB addressability field does not establish a fitted capacity for this reference PC.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600-pc", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked documentation provides no configuration-specific memory total." } }, { "caveat": "Intel's own datasheet for this part is not in the catalog. Wikipedia gives 2.4 GHz for this model, and the catalog carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2400000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "2.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation", "wikipedia-intel-conroe" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600", "kind": "component" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "dhrystone", "version": "2.1" }, "caveat": "A named Dhrystone 2.1 result normalized by the clock stated for that run. It remains provisional pending a second independent source.", "comparabilityGroup": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz|cpu|benchmark-run|dhrystone@2.1", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600:dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3.5" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "value": "3.5" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "x86-dhrystone-results" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|peak-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600:peak-clock", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The E6600 predates Intel Turbo Boost.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The processor supports scalar and SIMD floating point, but the cited specification does not state an FP32 peak in FLOP/s.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked historical documentation provides no precision-qualified FP32 rate." } }, { "caveat": "Intel's own datasheet for this part is not in the catalog. Wikipedia states 65 W for the family this model belongs to rather than for the model alone, so it is carried as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|cpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "65" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "65" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation", "wikipedia-intel-conroe" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8589934592" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k-pc", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3400000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "3.40" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k", "kind": "component" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "dhrystone", "version": "2.1" }, "caveat": "A named Dhrystone 2.1 result normalized by the clock stated for that run. It remains provisional pending a second independent source.", "comparabilityGroup": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz|cpu|benchmark-run|dhrystone@2.1", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k:dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4.6" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "value": "4.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "x86-dhrystone-results" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|peak-clock", "conditions": "Maximum Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0 frequency, not a continuously held base frequency.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k:peak-clock", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3800000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "3.80" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The cited product table gives cores, clock and power, not a single-precision peak rate.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked specifications provide no precision-qualified FP32 rate." } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|cpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "95" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "95" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "34359738368" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "intel-desktop-processor-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k-pc", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "P-core base frequency; the E-core base frequency is 2.4 GHz.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3200000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "3.2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-desktop-processor-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k", "kind": "component", "part": "performance-cores" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "dhrystone", "version": "2.1" }, "caveat": "A named Dhrystone 2.1 result normalized by the clock stated for that run. It remains provisional pending a second independent source.", "comparabilityGroup": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz|cpu|benchmark-run|dhrystone@2.1", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k:dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "6.1" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "value": "6.1" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "x86-dhrystone-results" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|peak-clock", "conditions": "P-core maximum Intel Thermal Velocity Boost frequency; it requires thermal and power headroom.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k:peak-clock", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "6000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "6.0" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-desktop-processor-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k", "kind": "component", "part": "performance-cores" } }, { "caveat": "The rarest kind of gap: not a missing number but a number missing the one qualifier that would make it comparable. Intel's export filing answers a question its product specification never touches, and then leaves the precision unstated across all twenty-four pages. Recording it as an FP32 peak would be a guess about which precision Intel meant, and the catalog does not publish those.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Intel does publish a floating-point rate for this processor — 1228.8 GFLOPS, in the export-compliance matrix it maintains for the US Export Administration Regulations — and states no precision for it anywhere in that document. Without a precision the figure cannot answer a single-precision question, and it cannot be assumed to be one: the same 1228.8 is listed for the faster-clocked 14900KS.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-app-metrics-core-processors" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked application metrics provide no precision-qualified FP32 rate." } }, { "caveat": "Intel calls this Processor Base Power. The separate 253 W Maximum Turbo Power is a limit, not a wall-power measurement, so it is retained in the conditions rather than recorded as system power draw.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|cpu|rated-power", "conditions": "125 W Processor Base Power; Intel specifies up to 253 W Maximum Turbo Power.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "125" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "125" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-desktop-processor-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This is a documented absence rather than an unexamined one. Two vendor specification records were read for the machines fitted with this component, and they answer the question differently in both directions: the older part has the higher base clock and the lower ceiling. What is missing is not a document but a component: the entry would need splitting into the named graphics devices, and the Core 2 Duo platform's chipset graphics is a third device the processor's own name does not identify.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-integrated-graphics:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Intel states a frequency for each generation and the generations disagree: Intel HD Graphics 3000 on the Core i7-2600K is specified at 850 MHz base and 1.35 GHz maximum dynamic, UHD Graphics 770 on the Core i9-14900K at 300 MHz base and 1.65 GHz maximum dynamic. Both figures are vendor statements and neither can stand for the other.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k-specifications", "intel-core-i9-14900k-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-integrated-graphics", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked processor specifications provide no comparable graphics clock." } }, { "caveat": "A documented absence. The vendor record was read and states the unit count without the per-unit throughput that would turn it into a rate, and the component in any case spans graphics generations with different clocks, so one answer could not describe them even if the throughput were published.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-integrated-graphics:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Intel's specification record for the newest of these graphics devices states an execution-unit count of 32 and no floating-point rate at any precision. An execution-unit count is not a rate: converting one to the other needs a published figure for floating-point operations per unit per clock, which the specification does not give.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i9-14900k-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-integrated-graphics", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked processor specifications provide no precision-qualified FP32 rate." } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-4-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "536870912" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "512" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-4-pc", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-4:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "3.0" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-4", "kind": "component" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "dhrystone", "version": "2.1" }, "caveat": "A named historic Dhrystone 2.1 result, normalized by the run clock; the one-source result remains provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz|cpu|benchmark-run|dhrystone@2.1", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-4:dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2.5" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "value": "2.5" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "x86-dhrystone-results" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-4", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|peak-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-4:peak-clock", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The selected Pentium 4 configuration predates Turbo Boost.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-4", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-4:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The processor has floating-point hardware, but the cited specification does not publish an FP32 peak in FLOP/s.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-4", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked historical documentation provides no precision-qualified FP32 rate." } }, { "caveat": "The first x86 part in this catalog whose datasheet prints a column headed Thermal Design Power, and the table is organized by bus rather than by clock: a 3.0 GHz row exists only under the 800 MHz front side bus, which places this processor later than the 2002 the surrounding representative configuration is dated to. The 2002 flagship was 3.06 GHz on the 533 MHz bus, rated 81.8 W in the same table. That is near enough to 81.9 to be mistaken for corroboration, and it is a different processor. The catalog's representative year is unresolved against Intel's product chronology and needs its own document.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|cpu|rated-power", "conditions": "3.0 GHz with an 800 MHz front side bus and 512 kB of L2 cache on the 0.13 micron process, in the multiple-VID group.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-4:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "81.9" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "81.9" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-pentium-4-datasheet" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-4", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-ii-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "67108864" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-ii-pc", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-ii:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "300000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "300" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-ii", "kind": "component" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "dhrystone", "version": "2.1" }, "caveat": "A named historic Dhrystone 2.1 result, normalized by the run clock; the one-source result remains provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz|cpu|benchmark-run|dhrystone@2.1", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-ii:dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2.2" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "value": "2.2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "x86-dhrystone-results" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-ii", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|peak-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-ii:peak-clock", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The Pentium II predates dynamic turbo modes.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-ii", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-ii:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The processor has floating-point hardware, but the cited specification does not publish an FP32 peak in FLOP/s.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-ii", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked historical documentation provides no precision-qualified FP32 rate." } }, { "caveat": "Intel's Max Processor Power, which the datasheet defines as 100% of the core and 100% of the L2 cache. It is not the Max Thermal Plate Power of 41.4 W printed beside it, and it is specific to CPU ID 63x: the same table rates a 266 MHz part at either 38.2 W or 19.5 W depending on stepping, and the faster 333 MHz part at 23.7 W, so this figure belongs to the 0.35-micron silicon and cannot stand for every processor sold as a Pentium II 300.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|cpu|rated-power", "conditions": "Max Processor Power at 300 MHz with 512 kB of L2 cache, CPU ID 63x, at nominal core and 3.3 V L2 supply voltages.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-ii:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "43" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "43.0" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-pentium-ii-datasheet" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-ii", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16777216" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium-pc", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "100000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "100" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium", "kind": "component" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "dhrystone", "version": "2.1" }, "caveat": "A named historic Dhrystone 2.1 result, normalized by the run clock; the one-source result remains provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz|cpu|benchmark-run|dhrystone@2.1", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium:dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "dhrystone-mips-per-mhz", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1.1" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "DMIPS/MHz", "value": "1.10" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "x86-dhrystone-results" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|peak-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium:peak-clock", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The original Pentium predates dynamic turbo modes.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The processor includes a floating-point unit, but the cited specification does not publish an FP32 peak in FLOP/s.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked historical documentation provides no precision-qualified FP32 rate." } }, { "caveat": "Intel's word for this in 1997 was not \"thermal design power\" but \"maximum active power dissipation\", the figure the datasheet says a system must be designed to remove. It is the same design target the later term names, and it is recorded here as such, but it is defined by a worst-case instruction mix rather than a reproducible workload, so it sits at the top of what the part draws rather than in the middle. The 3.9 W typical on the same row is an average measured in one system and is not a specification.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|cpu|rated-power", "conditions": "Maximum active power dissipation at 100 MHz, VCC = 3.3 V, worst-case instruction mix; the datasheet's typical in-system figure for the same part is 3.9 W.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "intel-pentium:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "10.1" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "10.1" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-pentium-datasheet" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "intel-pentium", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The memory the machine runs in, and not the number it was sold by: the 4 GB and 8 GB on the box are flash storage, recorded separately and thirty-two to sixty-four times larger. Written \"128MB\" by the source and read as 128 MiB, the binary convention this catalog applies to every memory capacity. Recorded at whole-system scope because one pool on the package serves the processor and the graphics core alike, so there is no second figure this excludes. Provisional because one independent analysis supports it and no vendor document mentions memory at all.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "One pool of DDR memory on the same package as the processor and the graphics core.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "anandtech-iphone:memory" ], "id": "iphone-dram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "134217728" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "128" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "iphone-dram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A word here is 28 bit, against the Apollo Guidance Computer's 16. Word counts from machines with different word widths are not a like-for-like capacity comparison.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity-words|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "One basic module: fourteen 128 by 64 core planes, 4096 non-redundant 28 bit words.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342:page-26:memory-module", "ntrs-19700023342:table-5" ], "id": "lvdc-core-memory:module-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity-words", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "word", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4096" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "word", "value": "4096" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "lvdc-core-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "instruction-execution-time|cpu|add-instruction", "conditions": "Add-subtract, 26 bit accuracy. Add-subtract and multiply-divide run simultaneously.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342:table-5" ], "id": "lvdc:addition-time", "method": "add-instruction", "metric": "instruction-execution-time", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.000082" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "us", "value": "82" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "lvdc", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The same clock rate as the Apollo Guidance Computer, and the coincidence says nothing about their speed: the LVDC is a serial machine that spends four clocks per bit, so it adds in 82 µs against the AGC's 23.4 µs.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "Four clocks per bit, giving 512 kilobits per second in serial operation.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342:table-5" ], "id": "lvdc:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2048000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "2.048" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "lvdc", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "instruction-execution-time|cpu|divide-instruction", "conditions": "24 bit accuracy.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342:table-5" ], "id": "lvdc:division-time", "method": "divide-instruction", "metric": "instruction-execution-time", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.000656" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "us", "value": "656" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "lvdc", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "instruction-execution-time|cpu|multiply-instruction", "conditions": "24 bit accuracy.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342:table-5" ], "id": "lvdc:multiplication-time", "method": "multiply-instruction", "metric": "instruction-execution-time", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.000328" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "us", "value": "328" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "lvdc", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342:table-5" ], "id": "lvdc:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The LVDC is a fixed-point machine, as its own characteristics table states in the type row. There is no floating-point rate to give.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "lvdc", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp64-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342:table-5", "ntrs-19700023342:page-25:data-word" ], "id": "lvdc:peak-fp64-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp64-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Fixed-point machine. The 26 bit data word carries 25 magnitude bits and a sign bit, not an exponent.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "lvdc", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for macintosh-128k-68000:peak-fp32-rate: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "macintosh-128k-68000:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The original Macintosh does not fit a 68881 floating-point coprocessor.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "macintosh-128k-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "macintosh-128k-68000", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Apple lists fixed logic-board memory for the Macintosh 128K.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "macintosh-128k-specifications:logic-board-memory" ], "id": "macintosh-128k-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "131072" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "128" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "macintosh-128k-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "macintosh-128k-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Apple states the ROM size in the software specifications table.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "macintosh-128k-specifications:rom-size" ], "id": "macintosh-128k-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "65536" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "macintosh-128k-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "macintosh-128k-rom", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Sega's verified manual states no RAM capacity. Wikipedia gives 8 KiB of work RAM, which is separate from the video RAM the console also carries and which the catalog records separately.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "master-system-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8192" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual", "wikipedia-master-system-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "master-system-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for sega-master-system: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "master-system-vdp:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This is a tile, sprite or scanline graphics unit, not a floating-point processor; it executes no FP32 operations.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "master-system-vdp", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Sega's verified service manual states no video-RAM capacity. Wikipedia's infobox and hardware paragraph both give 16 KiB, and the catalog carries it as rumored until a Sega document states it.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "master-system-video-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16384" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual", "wikipedia-master-system-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "master-system-video-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for sega-master-system: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "master-system-z80:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This console CPU has no integrated floating-point execution unit.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "master-system-z80", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for sega-mega-drive: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "mega-drive-68000:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This console CPU has no integrated floating-point execution unit.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "mega-drive-68000", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for sega-mega-drive: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "mega-drive-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "65536" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "mega-drive-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for sega-mega-drive: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "mega-drive-vdp:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This is a tile, sprite or scanline graphics unit, not a floating-point processor; it executes no FP32 operations.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "mega-drive-vdp", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This is the 512 MB unified GDDR3 main memory. The separate 10 MB EDRAM is not added to it.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "xbox-360-launch:main-memory" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-360-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "536870912" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "512" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360-hardware-overview" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-360-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The unified memory only. The 10 MB of embedded DRAM has a separate 256 GB/s fill figure on the same slide, which is a frame-buffer path rather than the console's memory bandwidth and is not merged in.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "512 MB unified GDDR3 at 700 MHz on a 128 bit interface.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "hc17-xbox360:slide4:memory-bandwidth", "beyond3d-xenos:system-memory-bandwidth" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-360:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "22400000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "22.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "hot-chips-17-xbox-360-architecture", "beyond3d-xenos-2005" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-360", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Microsoft's own deck quantifies this chip in shader instructions, fill rate and texture rate, never in floating-point operations. Wikipedia states 240 GFLOP/s for the graphics processor and names no precision; the catalog reads that as single precision because Microsoft documents the shader units as IEEE single-precision floating point, and carries the rate as rumored until a vendor document states it.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "hc17-xbox360:slide10:gpu-specs" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-360:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "240000000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GFLOP/s", "value": "240" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "hot-chips-17-xbox-360-architecture", "wikipedia-xbox-360-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-360", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for microsoft-xbox-360: the primary technical source is registered, but page-level transcription and independent review are pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "microsoft-xbox-360:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The registered technical source does not yet provide a comparable whole-system rated power figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360-hardware-overview" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-360", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked source provides no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "Microsoft's launch specification identifies the retail CPU as a tri-core PowerPC part.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "xbox-360-launch:cpu-clock" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-360:retail:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3200000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "3.2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360-hardware-overview" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "microsoft-xbox-360", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Microsoft's launch specification gives the graphics clock for the custom ATI processor.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "xbox-360-launch:gpu-clock" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-360:retail:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "500000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "500" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360-hardware-overview" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "microsoft-xbox-360", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "microsoft-xbox-360:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "microsoft-xbox-360:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 9, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "536870912" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 9, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "536870912" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360-hardware-overview" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-360", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Conventional DDR3 rather than the graphics memory its contemporary chose, which is the architectural fact the cited sentence exists to draw out. The console pairs it with 32 MB of on-die eSRAM, a separate quantity recorded separately.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Main memory of the shipped console, excluding the on-die eSRAM.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "computerbase-xbox-one:ram" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-one-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8589934592" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-xbox-one-clocks-2013", "computerbase-xbox-one-test" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-one-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional: one tier B source. Microsoft's engineers state 68 GB/s peak for the DDR3 path; the 32 MB of on-die SRAM is annotated separately at 204 GB/s peak (109 GB/s minimum) and is a different pool. Microsoft's Xbox One S page later stated 68.26 GB/s, but that is a different console and the two figures are kept apart rather than reconciled.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "8 GB DDR3 across four 64 bit channels, 2013 launch console.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "hc25-xbox-one:slide4:ddr3-bandwidth" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-one:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "68000000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "68" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "hot-chips-25-xbox-one-soc" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-one", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Microsoft's conference deck states this throughput without naming a precision. Wikipedia gives the same 1.31 TFLOP/s as the graphics processor's peak, and the catalog reads it as single precision and carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "hc25-xbox-one:slide6:tflops" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-one:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1310000000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "1.31" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "hot-chips-25-xbox-one-soc", "wikipedia-xbox-one-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-one", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Microsoft published no specification document for this console, so there is no vendor page to have omitted a rating: the nearest thing is a conference deck about the chip, which describes the processor and not the machine's supply. Reviews meter the console's draw, which is a different quantity.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "microsoft-xbox-one:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The vendor engineers' conference paper on this console describes the system on a chip and states no whole-system power rating; Microsoft published no specification page for the console.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "hot-chips-25-xbox-one-soc" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-one", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked technical material provides no precision-qualified compatible value." } }, { "caveat": "Microsoft never published a specification document for this console. The frequency is one the company disclosed at an investor conference, reported by one technical publication and stated again by a second reviewing retail hardware. It describes production hardware; development kits ran at 1.6 GHz and that figure is not carried here.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The eight Jaguar cores of the shipped console.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-xbox-one:cpu-clock", "computerbase-xbox-one:clocks" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-one:retail:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1750000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "1.75" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-xbox-one-clocks-2013", "computerbase-xbox-one-test" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "microsoft-xbox-one", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Raised from 800 MHz shortly before launch, in Microsoft's own words at a conference rather than in any document it published. Two independent publications state the final figure, which is what lets it be approved at all.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The 12 compute units of the shipped console.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-xbox-one:gpu-clock", "computerbase-xbox-one:clocks" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-one:retail:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "853000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "853" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-xbox-one-clocks-2013", "computerbase-xbox-one-test" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "microsoft-xbox-one", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "microsoft-xbox-one:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "computerbase-xbox-one:ram" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-one:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 10, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8589934592" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 10, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "8589934592" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-xbox-one-clocks-2013", "computerbase-xbox-one-test" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-one", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Microsoft's retrospective specification identifies the 64 MB DDR main-memory configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "original-xbox-specifications:main-memory" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "67108864" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-hardware-specification" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The console's whole complement of GDDR6, before Microsoft partitions it into a 10 GB region and a 6 GB region at different bandwidths. Microsoft writes \"16 GB\" of a memory part, which is the binary quantity as memory has always been sold.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "GDDR6 on a 320 bit bus.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "xbox-series-x-tech:specs:memory" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "17179869184" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "xbox-wire-series-x-tech-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The console has two memory bandwidths, not one: Microsoft partitions the 16 GB so that 10 GB runs at 560 GB/s and the remaining 6 GB at 336 GB/s. The faster partition is recorded here and the slower one is named rather than averaged in, because the mean of the two describes no region of this machine.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "10 GB GPU-optimal partition of 16 GB GDDR6 on a 320 bit bus.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "xbox-series-x-tech:specs:memory-bandwidth" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "560000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "560" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "xbox-wire-series-x-tech-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Microsoft's specification table says only \"12 TFLOPS\", which names no precision and could not be recorded as an FP32 rate. The glossary published the same day for the same console says \"32-bit float\" outright, and that is the document cited. A separate 12.15 TFLOPS figure circulates from a later Microsoft sheet; it is not merged with this one.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "52 RDNA 2 compute units at a fixed 1.825 GHz.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "xbox-series-x-glossary:tflops" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "12000000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "12" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "xbox-wire-series-x-glossary-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Microsoft published a full system specification table for this console and put no electrical rating in it. The consoles whose wattage this catalog does hold got it from a safety guide or a regulatory disclosure, and no such document for the Series X has been read.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Microsoft's full system specifications table states the processor, graphics, memory, storage and I/O and no power figure of any kind.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "xbox-wire-series-x-tech-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Microsoft's full system specification table provides no power figure." } }, { "caveat": "Microsoft publishes two frequencies for this processor: 3.8 GHz with simultaneous multithreading off, 3.6 GHz with it on. Both are fixed rates the developer selects, not a range the console moves through, and the faster mode is the one recorded here.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "Eight Zen 2 cores with simultaneous multithreading disabled.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "xbox-series-x-tech:specs:cpu" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x:retail:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3800000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "3.8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "xbox-wire-series-x-tech-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A fixed frequency rather than a ceiling: Microsoft states it as constant, which is the design choice that makes this a nominal clock and not a peak one.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "52 RDNA 2 compute units at their constant operating frequency.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "xbox-series-x-tech:specs:gpu" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x:retail:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1825000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "1.825" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "xbox-wire-series-x-tech-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "microsoft-xbox-series-x:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "xbox-series-x-tech:specs:memory" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 11, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "17179869184" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 11, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "17179869184" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "xbox-wire-series-x-tech-2020" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A theoretical maximum for the whole machine, shared between processor and graphics; both sources say the CPU can take about 1 GB/s of it. Microsoft published no bandwidth figure, so this rests on two independent analyses that reach the same number by different routes: one from NVIDIA's stated design, one from the memory parts found in a retail console.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "64 MB unified DDR SDRAM at 200 MHz DDR across NVIDIA's 128 bit TwinBank interface, shared by CPU and NV2A.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gamespot-xbox-gpu:memory-throughput", "anandtech-xbox:memory-bandwidth-galore" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "6400000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "6.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "gamespot-inside-the-xbox-gpu", "anandtech-xbox-memory-bandwidth-2001" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for microsoft-xbox: the primary technical source is registered, but page-level transcription and independent review are pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "microsoft-xbox:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The registered technical source does not yet provide a standalone GPU FP32 rate with a stated precision and method.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-hardware-specification" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked technical material provides no standalone GPU FP32 rate with stated precision and method." } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for microsoft-xbox: the primary technical source is registered, but page-level transcription and independent review are pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "microsoft-xbox:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The registered technical source does not yet provide a comparable whole-system rated power figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-hardware-specification" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked technical material provides no comparable whole-system rated power figure." } }, { "caveat": "Microsoft's retrospective specification identifies the CPU model and clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "original-xbox-specifications:cpu-clock" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox:retail:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "733000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "733" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-hardware-specification" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "microsoft-xbox", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Microsoft's retrospective specification gives the NV2A graphics clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "original-xbox-specifications:gpu-clock" ], "id": "microsoft-xbox:retail:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "233000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "233" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-hardware-specification" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "microsoft-xbox", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "microsoft-xbox:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "microsoft-xbox:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 8, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "67108864" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 8, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "67108864" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-hardware-specification" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "microsoft-xbox", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Computed here, not published anywhere. Nobody rated this processor in floating-point operations per second: a processor of 1996 was documented by what its units retire per cycle, and the manual says the adder and the multiplier each accept one operation every cycle and stops there. The multiplication is the derived claim this record names, with both constants cited to that manual. It is an upper bound twice over — every unit fed on every cycle, nothing stalling — and the same figure holds at double precision, because the manual gives the multiplier one repeat rate for both.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "One R10000 at 250 MHz, both floating-point units issuing on every cycle.", "derivedFrom": "mips-r10000:peak-fp32-from-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "mips-r10000:floating-point-units", "spec-cpu95-octane-int:summary" ], "id": "mips-r10000:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "500000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MFLOP/s", "value": "500" }, "rounding": "half-up", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "mips-r10000-users-manual", "spec-cpu95-octane-int" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "mips-r10000", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "native-instruction-rate|cpu|instruction-mix", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "mos-6510:native-instruction-rate", "method": "instruction-mix", "metric": "native-instruction-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No acceptable source states one, and there is no single correct answer to state: 6502 instructions take between two and seven cycles depending on the instruction and its addressing mode, so an instruction rate exists only for a specific mix of instructions. Dividing the clock by one cycle per instruction — the usual shortcut to \"about 1 MIPS\" — describes no real workload.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "mos-6510", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No source establishes a workload-specific compatible instruction rate." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "c64-prg:p402:6510-features" ], "id": "mos-6510:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No floating-point hardware. The 6510 does decimal and binary integer arithmetic in an eight-bit accumulator; the Commodore 64's floating point is a software library in the BASIC ROM, which is not a property of the processor.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "mos-6510", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "amiga-hrm:p2:68000" ], "id": "motorola-68000:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The 68000 has no floating-point hardware on the die. Floating point requires a separate 68881 or 68882 coprocessor, which the Amiga 500 does not have, so any floating-point rate would describe software running on an integer ALU.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-hardware-reference-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "motorola-68000", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "a1200-sm:a-1:specifications" ], "id": "motorola-68ec020:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No floating-point hardware on the die. The Amiga 1200 has a socket for a 68881 or 68882 coprocessor, but the manual records it as factory-installed only, so a stock machine has none and any floating-point figure would describe software on an integer ALU.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "motorola-68ec020", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The verified book record does not expose a page-level RAM quotation.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "msx-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No page-level RAM figure has been verified in the cited book.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "msx-ram", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked data book has no page-level compatible value." } }, { "caveat": "The verified book record does not expose a page-level ROM quotation.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "msx-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No page-level ROM figure has been verified in the cited book.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "msx-rom", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked data book has no page-level compatible value." } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for msx-z80a:peak-fp32-rate: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "msx-z80a:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The Z80A contains no floating-point hardware.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "msx-z80a", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The catalog records the standard MSX clock, not later turbo modes.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "msx-top-secret-3:cpu-clock", "msxinfo-standard-specifications:cpu-clock" ], "id": "msx:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3580000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "3.58" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "msx-top-secret-3", "msxinfo-standard-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "msx1-64k", "id": "msx", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The technical data book provides no page-level graphics-clock figure suitable for this record.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "msx:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No accepted graphics-clock figure was located in the data book.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "msx", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked data book provides no compatible graphics-clock value." } }, { "caveat": "The technical data book provides no memory transfer-rate figure from which bandwidth can be stated.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "msx:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No accepted memory transfer-rate figure was located in the data book.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "msx", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked data book provides no memory transfer rate." } }, { "caveat": "The technical data book provides no whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "msx:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No accepted whole-system power rating was located in the data book.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "msx", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked data book provides no whole-system power rating." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "sustained-fp40-rate|whole-system|benchmark-run", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "msx:sustained-fp40-rate", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "sustained-fp40-rate", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "A ROM BASIC result must name its benchmark and five-byte format before it can be stated.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "msx", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No named reproducible benchmark result is present in the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "No whole-system memory total can be supported while the verified source provides no RAM figure.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "msx:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No whole-system total can be derived without a verified RAM figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "msx", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "A whole-system total cannot be derived from the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "Provisional, like the graphics clock on the same page and for the same reason: the bullet this is read from is the one whose own clock figure the scan destroys, so a legible number on an illegible line waits for a second source. Note also what the manual counts: \"9 bit bytes at 500 M/sec\". The ninth bit is not the programmer’s, so this is 500 million bytes per second of data on a bus carrying rather more than that.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "The single RDRAM pool, which the manual states is used in parallel by the processor, the signal processor, the drawing processor and the I/O interfaces.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "n64-pm:p48:clock-speeds" ], "id": "n64-rdram:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "500000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MB/s", "value": "500" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "n64-programming-manual" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "n64-rdram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "One pool shared by the CPU, the RSP, the RDP and the I/O interfaces. It is not comparable like for like with the PlayStation's 2 MiB of main memory, because that machine has a further 1 MiB of video memory the CPU cannot reach and this one does not separate the two.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Main memory of the retail console, built from 9 bit RDRAMs.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "n64-pm:p49:main-memory", "n64-pm:p47:shared-main-memory" ], "id": "n64-rdram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4194304" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "n64-programming-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "n64-rdram", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nec-pc-engine:cartridge-storage-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Game cartridges are removable media and their ROM capacity varies by title; no cartridge capacity is part of the base console.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nec-pc-engine", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The HuC6280 can switch speed; this is the cited high-speed PC Engine mode.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "makeclassicgames-pc-engine-specs:cpu-clock", "history-video-games-pc-engine:cpu-clock" ], "id": "nec-pc-engine:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "7160000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "7.16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "makeclassicgames-pc-engine-specs", "history-video-games-pc-engine" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "japan", "id": "nec-pc-engine", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The system-outline manual describes the VDC and VCE roles but gives no graphics-clock frequency.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nec-pc-engine:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed system-outline manual gives no graphics clock.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nec-pc-engine", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked system outline names the VDC and VCE but states no graphics-clock frequency." } }, { "caveat": "The system-outline manual describes VRAM use with the VDC but gives no bus width or transfer rate.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nec-pc-engine:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed system-outline manual gives no memory bandwidth or bus width.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nec-pc-engine", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked documentation gives no transfer rate or bus terms for a comparable memory-bandwidth value." } }, { "caveat": "The system-outline manual states an IC supply requirement, not a power rating for the retail console.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nec-pc-engine:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed system-outline manual gives no whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nec-pc-engine", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The manual gives IC supply requirements, not a power rating for the retail console." } }, { "caveat": "Both terms of the total are rumored. The catalog displays a rumored figure but does not compute with one, so the total waits for a document that states a capacity outright.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nec-pc-engine:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The console's work RAM and video RAM are both known only from tier C material. Adding them would rest a new number on that material, which this catalog does not do.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nec-pc-engine", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-26", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Both fitted capacities are published only in tier C material, which may be recorded but may not be summed." } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for snk-neo-geo-aes: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "neo-geo-68000:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This console CPU has no integrated floating-point execution unit.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "neo-geo-68000", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for snk-neo-geo-aes: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "neo-geo-lspc2:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This is a tile, sprite or scanline graphics unit, not a floating-point processor; it executes no FP32 operations.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "neo-geo-lspc2", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for snk-neo-geo-aes: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "neo-geo-hardware:work-ram-capacity" ], "id": "neo-geo-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "65536" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "neo-geo-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Not-applicable rather than unknown: this is a fact about the architecture, not about what Nintendo published.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-nes:specs:memory" ], "id": "nes-2a03:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This console CPU has no integrated floating-point execution unit.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nes-2a03", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Not-applicable for the same architectural reason as the processor, and recorded separately because it is a separate part.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-nes:specs:memory" ], "id": "nes-ppu:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This is a tile, sprite or scanline graphics unit, not a floating-point processor; it executes no FP32 operations.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nes-ppu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The processor's work memory, which Nintendo states beside an equal amount of video memory. The page writes \"Kb\" where it means kilobytes; read as kilobits the row would give 256 B, which no version of this console has.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Static work RAM addressable by the processor.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-nes:specs:memory" ], "id": "nes-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2048" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nes-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Memory attached to the picture processor rather than to the processor, and a term of the machine's memory all the same: Nintendo lists it in the same row as the work memory and in the same amount.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Static video RAM addressable by the picture processor.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-nes:specs:memory" ], "id": "nes-video-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2048" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nes-video-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The manual states a round 94 MHz, so this figure carries two significant digits and nothing more. Other accounts of this console quote a more precise rate; none is cited here, and adopting one would be publishing a number this project has not sourced.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "R4300 CPU, from the manual's clock speeds and bus bandwidth list.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "n64-pm:p48:clock-speeds" ], "id": "nintendo-64:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "94000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "94" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "n64-programming-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "nintendo-64", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Unknown rather than not-applicable: the R4300 has a floating-point unit and the signal processor is a vector machine, so the quantity exists. Nintendo simply never published a rate for it. The console generation that started quoting floating-point figures is the next one.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "n64-pm:p47:shared-main-memory" ], "id": "nintendo-64:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The programming manual describes the Reality Coprocessor by what its microcode does and never rates it in floating-point operations per second.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "n64-programming-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-64", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked programming manual describes Reality Coprocessor microcode but provides no floating-point operations-per-second rate." } }, { "caveat": "Recorded as asked and unanswered. A figure is printed on the console’s own supply, but a nameplate photograph is not a source this catalog accepts, and Nintendo’s developer documentation does not repeat it.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-64:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The programming manual is written for developers and rates no power for the console.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "n64-programming-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-64", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked developer documentation provides no electrical rating for the retail console." } }, { "caveat": "Held provisional rather than approved. The digits are legible, but the same list renders 110 as \"liO\" and the surrounding prose is badly corrupted, so a third digit read off this scan is not something to publish as fact. A provisional figure is visible but never feeds an automatic multiplier; it needs a second source before it can be accepted.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "Reality Coprocessor, from the manual's clock speeds and bus bandwidth list.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "n64-pm:p48:clock-speeds" ], "id": "nintendo-64:rcp-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "62600000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "62.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "n64-programming-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "nintendo-64", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "One pool for everything: the manual states that the processor, the signal processor, the drawing processor and the I/O interfaces use this memory in parallel.", "derivedFrom": "nintendo-64:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "n64-pm:p48:clock-speeds", "n64-pm:p47:shared-main-memory" ], "id": "nintendo-64:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "500000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MB/s", "value": "500" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "n64-programming-manual" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-64", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "One pool shared by the processor, the coprocessor and the I/O interfaces, so the machine’s memory is a single figure.", "derivedFrom": "nintendo-64:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "n64-pm:p49:main-memory", "n64-pm:p47:shared-main-memory" ], "id": "nintendo-64:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4194304" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "n64-programming-manual" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-64", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for nintendo-ds: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-ds-2d:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This is a tile, sprite or scanline graphics unit, not a floating-point processor; it executes no FP32 operations.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-ds-2d", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for nintendo-ds: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-ds-arm9:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This console CPU has no integrated floating-point execution unit.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-ds-arm9", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The technical reference lists the base system's main RAM capacity.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gbatek-nds:main-ram" ], "id": "nintendo-ds-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4194304" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "4096" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-ds-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-ds:cartridge-storage-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Game cartridges are removable media and their ROM capacity varies by title; no cartridge capacity is part of the base console.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-ds", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The reviewed technical reference states no processor clock. Wikipedia gives 67 MHz for the main ARM946E-S, the faster of the console's two processors, and the catalog carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-ds:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "67000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "67" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference", "wikipedia-nintendo-ds-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "nintendo-ds", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The reviewed technical reference describes Game Card addressing, while the base console has no fixed cartridge capacity.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-ds:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed technical reference describes the graphics units but does not publish one standalone GPU clock.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-ds", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked technical reference provides no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "The technical reference documents memory maps and timings, but does not state a main-memory transfer rate from which bandwidth can be stated.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-ds:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed reference gives no main-memory transfer-rate figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-ds", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked technical reference provides no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "The technical reference documents power-management hardware but gives no whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-ds:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed reference gives no whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-ds", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked technical reference provides no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "The whole-system total is the documented base main-RAM capacity; it excludes the separately addressed work, video and cache memories.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gbatek-nds:main-ram" ], "id": "nintendo-ds:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4194304" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "4096" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-ds", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo's page for this console gives no cartridge figure. Its Super Nintendo page does state a range, which is why that machine's record carries the bounds and this one does not.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-nes:specs:memory" ], "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system:cartridge-storage-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Game cartridges are removable media and their ROM capacity varies by title; no cartridge capacity is part of the base console.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo's own figure, and it matches neither of the frequencies this console is normally described as running at: about 1.79 MHz on NTSC hardware, about 1.77 MHz on PAL. The manufacturer names no region and no condition. It is published here because it is the only statement about this console from a document anybody can open: the circulating figure has no source this project may cite, so there is no competing candidate to record against it.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "As stated by Nintendo for the console, with no region named.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-nes:specs:cpu" ], "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1660000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1.66" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "ntsc", "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo publishes no clock for the picture processor. Wikipedia's specification section states 5.37 MHz for the Ricoh 2C02 in an NTSC console, and the catalog carries it as rumored until a technical document states it.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-nes:specs:memory" ], "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "5370000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "5.37" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs", "wikipedia-nes-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The vendor page is a consumer specification rather than a hardware manual; capacities are as far as it goes into memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-nes:specs:memory" ], "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo's table states two memory capacities and no transfer rate, bus width or timing, so there is neither a bandwidth to read nor terms to compute one from.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The reviewed specifications give memory capacities but no bus width, timing, or transfer-rate terms for a comparable bandwidth value." } }, { "caveat": "The console predates the European ecodesign disclosures that give this catalog the Switch's rating, and its specification page states nothing electrical.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-nes:specs:memory" ], "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo's table states the console's dimensions and no electrical figure of any kind.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The reviewed technical page gives no electrical rating for this console model." } }, { "caveat": "Adds 2 memory-capacity figures obtained by design-capacity. Left out: removable game-cartridge ROM (removable program storage, not memory the console can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "nintendo-entertainment-system:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-nes:specs:memory" ], "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4096" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "4096" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-game-boy:cartridge-storage-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Game cartridges are removable media and their ROM capacity varies by title; no cartridge capacity is part of the base console.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-game-boy", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo calls this the DMG system operating frequency. It is not substituted with a different oscillator-clock convention.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "game-boy-programming-manual:dmg-cpu-speed" ], "id": "nintendo-game-boy:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1050000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1.05" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "nintendo-game-boy", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The Game Boy Programming Manual gives the CPU system clock and the source oscillator, but no separate clock for the LCD controller.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-game-boy:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no separate LCD-controller clock.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-game-boy", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked programming manual gives a CPU system clock and source oscillator, but no separate LCD-controller clock." } }, { "caveat": "The Game Boy Programming Manual describes display RAM and DMA transfers, but does not specify a memory-bus width or bandwidth.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-game-boy:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no memory bandwidth or bus width.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-game-boy", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manual describes display RAM and DMA without a memory bus width or transfer rate for a comparable bandwidth value." } }, { "caveat": "The Game Boy Programming Manual lists battery and adapter power sources, but no whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-game-boy:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-game-boy", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manual lists battery and adapter inputs but no whole-system power rating." } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo's programming manual states this writable work-RAM capacity for the console. Removable cartridge ROM is program storage and is not included.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-game-boy:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8192" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "8192" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-game-boy", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The main memory alone. Nintendo lists it beneath a stated system total of 40 MB, the rest of which is the console's dedicated sound memory, recorded as its own figure rather than folded in here.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "MoSys 1T-SRAM main memory of the shipped console.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gamecube-specs:memory" ], "id": "nintendo-gamecube-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "25165824" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "24" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-gamecube-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Dedicated to audio and not addressable as main memory, but part of the machine's memory all the same: Nintendo puts it under the same \"Sistema de Memoria\" heading and counts it into the 40 MB total it states there.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "81 MHz DRAM reserved for sound on the shipped console.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gamecube-specs:memory" ], "id": "nintendo-gamecube-sound-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16777216" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-gamecube-sound-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The path to main memory only. Nintendo states a separate 10,4 GB/s for texture access and 1,3 GB/s for the external bus, and the console's 16 MB of audio memory is a further pool again, so this is one of several rates in the machine, not a total.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Main memory (24 MB 1T-SRAM), stated by Nintendo as a maximum.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gamecube-specs:main-memory-bandwidth" ], "id": "nintendo-gamecube:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2600000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "2.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-gamecube", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional and unknown: Nintendo publishes a floating-point figure for this console that is explicitly a total across three units. The absence is of a standalone graphics rate, not of a number.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gamecube-specs:floating-point-aggregate" ], "id": "nintendo-gamecube:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo does publish a floating-point figure for this console — 10,5 GFLOPS (máximo) — and its own wording makes it a total across the processor, the geometry engine and the hardware lighting. A precision the publisher leaves unsaid is something this catalog now reads as single precision and carries as rumored, but an aggregate across unlike units is a different quantity, and no community article separates it. There is no standalone graphics rate to record.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-gamecube", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Nintendo's published aggregate is not a standalone GPU floating-point rate, and no community article separates one." } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo published the adapter's rating and never a wattage, so this is the product of the two figures in its own table rather than something it stated. Exact arithmetic for a direct-current supply, and still a supply rating: what the console actually draws is a smaller number nobody published.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "Bundled AC adapter at its rated DC output.", "derivedFrom": "nintendo-gamecube:supply-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gamecube-specs:power-adapter" ], "id": "nintendo-gamecube:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "39" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "39" }, "rounding": "half-up", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-gamecube", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo states this in its own specification table, under the processor block. The row below it gives 1125 Dmips (Dhrystone 2.1), a rare vendor Dhrystone figure and a separate quantity this catalog has not yet opened.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The IBM \"Gekko\" processor of the shipped console.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gamecube-specs:cpu-clock" ], "id": "nintendo-gamecube:retail:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "485000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "485" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "nintendo-gamecube", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The graphics part's own row. The processor's external bus runs at the same 162 MHz, which is one frequency serving two purposes rather than two figures that agree.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The ATI/Nintendo \"Flipper\" graphics part of the shipped console.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gamecube-specs:gpu-clock" ], "id": "nintendo-gamecube:retail:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "162000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "162" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "nintendo-gamecube", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The other half of the adapter rating in Nintendo's specification table.", "comparabilityGroup": "supply-current|whole-system|nameplate-rating", "conditions": "Bundled AC adapter, DC output.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gamecube-specs:power-adapter" ], "id": "nintendo-gamecube:supply-current", "method": "nameplate-rating", "metric": "supply-current", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "A", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3.25" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "A", "value": "3.25" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-gamecube", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Half of the only power figure Nintendo published for this console: its specification table gives the adapter's rating and no wattage. Recorded on its own so the watts derived from it have something to cite.", "comparabilityGroup": "supply-voltage|whole-system|nameplate-rating", "conditions": "Bundled AC adapter, DC output.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gamecube-specs:power-adapter" ], "id": "nintendo-gamecube:supply-voltage", "method": "nameplate-rating", "metric": "supply-voltage", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "V", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "12" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "V", "value": "12" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-gamecube", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 2 memory-capacity figures obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "nintendo-gamecube:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "gamecube-specs:memory" ], "id": "nintendo-gamecube:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 8, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "41943040" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 8, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "41943040" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-gamecube", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo does not publish the CPU clock; TechPowerUp reports the docked operating point.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-switch-2:docked:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1101000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "1.101" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "techpowerup-switch-2-specs" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "configurationId": "docked", "id": "nintendo-switch-2", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo does not publish the GPU clock; TechPowerUp reports the docked operating point.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-switch-2:docked:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1007000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1007" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "techpowerup-switch-2-specs" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "configurationId": "docked", "id": "nintendo-switch-2", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "TechPowerUp reports this docked GPU FP32 theoretical peak; it does not include tensor or ray-tracing work.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-switch-2:docked:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3072000000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "3.072" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "techpowerup-switch-2-specs" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "configurationId": "docked", "id": "nintendo-switch-2", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "TechPowerUp reports the docked LPDDR5X transfer-rate ceiling; it is not an achieved workload rate.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-switch-2:docked:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "102400000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "102.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "techpowerup-switch-2-specs" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "configurationId": "docked", "id": "nintendo-switch-2", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo publishes battery and charger information, not a whole-console power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-switch-2:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo's public technical table has no whole-console power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-switch-2-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-switch-2", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-26", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Nintendo states a battery capacity and charging information, not a whole-console power rating." } }, { "caveat": "TechPowerUp reports the installed LPDDR5X capacity; Nintendo's public table names only storage capacity.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-switch-2:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "12000000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "12" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "techpowerup-switch-2-specs" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-switch-2", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Not Nintendo's figure: the specification page has no memory row at all. Two independent publications state the same capacity: one reproducing the developer specification it spends the article questioning row by row, and letting this row stand, the other stating it outright while reviewing the shipped console.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "The LPDDR4 shared between the processor and the graphics units of the shipped console.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-switch:leaked-spec-memory", "computerbase-switch:ram" ], "id": "nintendo-switch-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4294967296" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-switch-clocks-2016", "computerbase-switch-test" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-switch-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional on the sourcing, not on the number. Digital Foundry states it as confirmed for retail hardware three months before release, and Nintendo has never contradicted it or published anything to compare it against. The policy asks for two sources that state the figure; the second publication reviewed here declines, recording instead that the frequencies were never officially disclosed. So this waits, and meanwhile feeds no multiplier.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The four Cortex-A57 cores of the shipped console, which run at the same rate in both modes.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-switch:cpu-clock", "computerbase-switch:clocks-undisclosed" ], "id": "nintendo-switch:docked:cpu-clock-frequency-independent", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1020000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "1.02" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-switch-clocks-2016", "computerbase-switch-test" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "docked", "id": "nintendo-switch", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The docked graphics frequency, provisional for the same reason as the processor clock: one publication states it, the other says it was never officially disclosed. The figure is the ceiling the dock's power budget permits, not a rate the console reaches only in bursts.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The 256 Maxwell cores of the shipped console, docked.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-switch:gpu-clocks", "computerbase-switch:clocks-undisclosed" ], "id": "nintendo-switch:docked:gpu-clock-frequency-independent", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "768000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "768" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-switch-clocks-2016", "computerbase-switch-test" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "docked", "id": "nintendo-switch", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The same processor frequency as the docked configuration, and the point of the sentence it is read from: the machine keeps its game logic running at one rate whether or not it is on a television. Provisional on one stating source.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The four Cortex-A57 cores of the shipped console, undocked.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-switch:cpu-clock", "computerbase-switch:clocks-undisclosed" ], "id": "nintendo-switch:handheld:cpu-clock-frequency-independent", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1020000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "1.02" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-switch-clocks-2016", "computerbase-switch-test" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "handheld", "id": "nintendo-switch", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Two fifths of the docked frequency, from the same sentence that gives the docked one, and provisional on the same single stating source. The two graphics rates are what separate this machine's two configurations; nothing else in the catalog's record of it differs between them.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The 256 Maxwell cores of the shipped console, undocked, in its default power mode.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-switch:gpu-clocks", "computerbase-switch:clocks-undisclosed" ], "id": "nintendo-switch:handheld:gpu-clock-frequency-independent", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "307200000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "307.2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-switch-clocks-2016", "computerbase-switch-test" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "handheld", "id": "nintendo-switch", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo publishes no memory figure of any kind for this console — not a capacity, not a width, not a rate — so there is nothing here to state or to compute from.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-switch:tech-specs:cpu-gpu" ], "id": "nintendo-switch:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo's technical specification page has no memory row, so it states neither a bandwidth nor the transfer rate and bus width one could be computed from.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-switch-tech-specs" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-switch", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Nintendo's technical specification page provides no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo publishes no floating-point rate at any precision. Wikipedia states 393 GFLOP/s as the theoretical peak of the docked console, which is the higher of its two graphics clocks; the handheld mode runs slower. The figure names no precision and no vendor stands behind it, so it is rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-switch:tech-specs:cpu-gpu" ], "id": "nintendo-switch:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "393000000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GFLOP/s", "value": "393" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-switch-tech-specs", "wikipedia-nintendo-switch-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-switch", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo rates the adapter and never the console. The product of that rating is 39 W, and the gap between a rating and a machine is unusually visible here: Nintendo's own consoles disclosure reports about 7 W while actively gaming. The figure is reported because it is what the maker published, not because the console draws it.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "HAC-002 adapter at its rated 15.0 V output.", "derivedFrom": "nintendo-switch:supply-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-ecodesign:hac-002:output" ], "id": "nintendo-switch:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "39" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "39" }, "rounding": "half-up", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ecodesign-accessories-part-3" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-switch", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The current Nintendo lists beside the 15.0 V mode. The rows are read pairwise: the 1.5 A figure belongs to the 5.0 V mode.", "comparabilityGroup": "supply-current|whole-system|nameplate-rating", "conditions": "HAC-002 adapter, 15.0 V output mode.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-ecodesign:hac-002:output" ], "id": "nintendo-switch:supply-current", "method": "nameplate-rating", "metric": "supply-current", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "A", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2.6" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "A", "value": "2.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ecodesign-accessories-part-3" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-switch", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The higher of the HAC-002 adapter's two output modes, from Nintendo's ecodesign disclosure. The 5.0 V mode exists for charging and cannot power the dock, so the 15.0 V pair is the one that describes the console running.", "comparabilityGroup": "supply-voltage|whole-system|nameplate-rating", "conditions": "HAC-002 adapter, 15.0 V output mode. The same adapter also offers a 5.0 V mode at 1.5 A, which is not recorded here.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-ecodesign:hac-002:output" ], "id": "nintendo-switch:supply-voltage", "method": "nameplate-rating", "metric": "supply-voltage", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "V", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "15" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "V", "value": "15.0" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ecodesign-accessories-part-3" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-switch", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "nintendo-switch:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-switch:leaked-spec-memory", "computerbase-switch:ram" ], "id": "nintendo-switch:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 10, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4294967296" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 10, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "4294967296" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-switch-clocks-2016", "computerbase-switch-test" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-switch", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Two independent technical sources identify the MEM1 capacity.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "marcan-wii-fail-2008:main-memory", "copetti-wii-architecture:main-memory" ], "id": "nintendo-wii-mem1:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "25165824" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "24" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "marcan-wii-fail-2008", "copetti-wii-architecture" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-wii-mem1", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Two independent technical sources identify the MEM2 capacity.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "marcan-wii-fail-2008:main-memory", "copetti-wii-architecture:main-memory" ], "id": "nintendo-wii-mem2:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "67108864" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "marcan-wii-fail-2008", "copetti-wii-architecture" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-wii-mem2", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Not Nintendo's figure: its specification table has no memory row at all, and lists only the console's flash storage. One technical publication states the capacity together with the four parts it is made of, which is one source short of approval.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Four DDR3-1600 modules as fitted to the shipped console.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-wii-u:review:ram" ], "id": "nintendo-wii-u-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2147483648" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-wii-u-review" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-wii-u-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo's specification table has no memory row at all. Wikipedia states 12.8 GB/s as the maximum bandwidth of the console's main memory, which the catalog carries as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u:specs:cpu-gpu" ], "id": "nintendo-wii-u:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "12800000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "12.8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u-tech-specs", "wikipedia-wii-u-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-wii-u", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo has never published a floating-point rate for this console at any precision, and the graphics frequency such a rate would be built from is not Nintendo's either.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u:specs:cpu-gpu" ], "id": "nintendo-wii-u:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo's specification table states no floating-point rate, and names no precision anywhere.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u-tech-specs" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-wii-u", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Nintendo's specification table provides no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "The console predates the European ecodesign disclosures that give this catalog the Switch's rating, and Nintendo's specification table states no electrical figure of any kind. The wattages that circulate are supply ratings and metered draws from third parties, which are two other quantities again.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u:specs:cpu-gpu" ], "id": "nintendo-wii-u:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo's specification table states dimensions, mass, storage, ports and video output, and no power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-wii-u", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Nintendo's specification table provides no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "Provisional on the sourcing, and on an unusual chain the publication describes openly: the frequency was read out of the shipped console by a hacker and reported by one technical publication, which put it in its own headline. Nintendo has published nothing to check it against. It is recorded to two decimal places because the six the reading carries describe one machine on one day rather than the console.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The three PowerPC 750-derived cores of the shipped console.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-wii-u:clocks" ], "id": "nintendo-wii-u:retail:cpu-clock-frequency-independent", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1240000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "1.24" }, "rounding": "half-up", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-wii-u-clocks-2012" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "nintendo-wii-u", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "From the same reading and the same single publication as the processor clock, and provisional for the same reason. The reading gives 549.999755 MHz; 550 MHz is what the publication states in its headline and all this figure is entitled to claim.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The AMD-designed graphics core of the shipped console.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-wii-u:clocks" ], "id": "nintendo-wii-u:retail:gpu-clock-frequency-independent", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "550000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "550" }, "rounding": "half-up", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-wii-u-clocks-2012" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "nintendo-wii-u", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Digital Foundry states this as the console's installed DDR3 capacity and identifies the four fitted modules.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-wii-u:review:ram" ], "id": "nintendo-wii-u:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 10, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2147483648" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 10, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "2147483648" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-wii-u-review" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-wii-u", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for nintendo-wii: the primary technical source is registered, but page-level transcription and independent review are pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-wii:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The registered technical source does not yet provide a transcribed comparable memory transfer-rate figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-hardware-overview" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-wii", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Nintendo's public Wii manuals provide no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for nintendo-wii: the primary technical source is registered, but page-level transcription and independent review are pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-wii:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The registered technical source does not yet provide a standalone GPU FP32 rate with a stated precision and method.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-hardware-overview" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-wii", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Nintendo's public Wii manuals provide no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo's public Wii manuals do not state a comparable whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-wii:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo's public Wii manuals do not state a whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-hardware-overview" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-wii", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Nintendo's public Wii manuals provide no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo's public manuals state no processor clock. Wikipedia gives 729 MHz for the Broadway processor, and the catalog carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-wii:retail:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "729000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "729" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-hardware-overview", "wikipedia-wii-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "nintendo-wii", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo's public manuals state no graphics clock. Wikipedia gives 243 MHz for the Hollywood graphics processor, and the catalog carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-wii:retail:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "243000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "243" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-hardware-overview", "wikipedia-wii-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "nintendo-wii", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo's public Wii manuals do not support a whole-system memory total.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nintendo-wii:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No whole-system total can be derived from Nintendo's public Wii manuals.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-hardware-overview" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nintendo-wii", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Nintendo's public Wii manuals provide no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "The lower declared clock. The separately named upper clock is a different quantity and uses peak-clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-ad102:clock-frequency-base", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2235000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "2235" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-ad102", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The vendor’s upper boost clock, distinct from the nominal clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|peak-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-ad102:clock-frequency-boost", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2520000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "2520" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-ad102", "kind": "component" } }, { "asOf": "2026-08-18", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench-compute", "variant": "opencl", "version": "7" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling average for this graphics processor, read from the 25 July 2026 OpenCL chart. Version 7 calibrates a compute result against a baseline of 100,000, so it may be compared only with another Geekbench 7 OpenCL figure from this curation round, never with a Metal figure, an earlier version or a processor score.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-compute-score|gpu|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench-compute@7:opencl", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:rtx-4090", "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "nvidia-ad102:geekbench-compute-7-opencl", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 6, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "255036" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "255036" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-ad102", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A theoretical general-shader FP32 peak; tensor, AI and ray-tracing rates are excluded.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "General shader units at the 2520 MHz boost clock.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-ad102:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "82580000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "82.58" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-product-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-ad102", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The vendor’s board-power rating, not a measured system draw.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|gpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-ad102:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "450" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "450" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-ad102", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A stock GeForce 8800 GTX in the independent technical comparison, not a factory-overclocked partner board.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-g80:clock-frequency-base", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "575000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "575" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "fau-geforce-8800-gtx-cuda-comparison" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-g80", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A theoretical general-shader FP32 peak; tensor, AI and ray-tracing rates are excluded.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "General shader units at the vendor-stated reference clock.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-g80:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "518000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GFLOP/s", "value": "518" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-product-brief" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-g80", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Neither qualifying source states a numeric board-power or thermal-design rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|gpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-g80:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Neither qualifying source supplies a numeric GeForce 8800 GTX board-power or thermal-design rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-g80", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Qualifying sources provide no numeric board-power or thermal rating." } }, { "caveat": "The base clock, from the product page: the whitepaper's appendix states only the boost clock. It is the figure that belongs beside a fixed frequency, and the reason a reader can put this card next to a Commodore 64 without the comparison quietly changing what it means.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "Reference card, as specified in NVIDIA's product specification table.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-gb202:clock-frequency-base", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2010000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "2.01" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gb202", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Taken from the whitepaper, which states 2407 MHz, rather than from the product page, which states 2.41 GHz. That is the same figure to three digits, and the more precise one is the one recorded. A ceiling reached when there is headroom, so it shares a comparability group with the GeForce GTX 1080's boost clock and with the PlayStation 5's variable-frequency maximum, and none with a fixed clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|peak-clock", "conditions": "Reference card, the frequency NVIDIA guarantees the card reaches when power and thermal headroom allow.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090:whitepaper-table", "nvidia-rtx-5090:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-gb202:clock-frequency-boost", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2407000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "2407" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper", "nvidia-rtx-5090-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gb202", "kind": "component" } }, { "asOf": "2026-08-18", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench-compute", "variant": "opencl", "version": "7" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling average for this graphics processor, read from the 25 July 2026 OpenCL chart. Version 7 calibrates a compute result against a baseline of 100,000, so it may be compared only with another Geekbench 7 OpenCL figure from this curation round, never with a Metal figure, an earlier version or a processor score.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-compute-score|gpu|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench-compute@7:opencl", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:rtx-5090", "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "nvidia-gb202:geekbench-compute-7-opencl", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 6, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "335760" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "335760" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gb202", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The whitepaper writes \"Peak FP32 TFLOPS (non-Tensor)\", which names both the precision and the units that produce it, so this rate is comparable with the GeForce GTX 1080's and with nothing else on the card. The product page's \"3352 AI TOPS\" and \"318 TFLOPS\" are not recorded anywhere in this catalog: the first counts low-precision tensor operations, the second is the ray-tracing engine's, and neither may be divided by a single-precision peak.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "21 760 cores at the 2407 MHz boost clock, on the general shader units rather than the tensor cores. A theoretical peak, not an achieved rate.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090:whitepaper-table" ], "id": "nvidia-gb202:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "104800000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "104.8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gb202", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "\"4N\" is a foundry process name, not a dimension, and NVIDIA calls it a custom process rather than the stock one, so the four is a label the number 4 happens to sit inside. Recorded because the metric is defined as a marketing node name and forbids ratios outright.", "comparabilityGroup": "process-node|gpu|die-specification", "conditions": "Node as named in the whitepaper: \"TSMC 4nm 4N NVIDIA Custom Process\".", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090:whitepaper-process" ], "id": "nvidia-gb202:process-node", "method": "die-specification", "metric": "process-node", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "m", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.000000004" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "nm", "value": "4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gb202", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "NVIDIA's word here is \"Total Graphics Power\", not TDP: a board power rather than a cooling-design target, which is why it is recorded under a different metric from the GeForce GTX 1080's 180 W. The two are the same kind of claim about two cards and not the same quantity, and neither metric permits a ratio, so the difference costs nothing and hiding it would.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|gpu|rated-power", "conditions": "\"TGP (Total Graphics Power): 575W\" for the reference card, alongside a 1000 W required system power that describes a computer rather than this card.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090:whitepaper-table", "nvidia-rtx-5090:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-gb202:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "575" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "575" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper", "nvidia-rtx-5090-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gb202", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The count is the full die’s. The same whitepaper says the full GB202 carries 192 streaming multiprocessors and that this card has 170, so some of these transistors are not enabled on it. NVIDIA nevertheless prints 92.2 billion in the card’s own column, and the figure is recorded as the vendor states it with the discrepancy named here rather than silently corrected.", "comparabilityGroup": "transistor-count|gpu|die-specification", "conditions": "Whole GB202 die.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090:whitepaper-table", "nvidia-rtx-5090:gb202-die" ], "id": "nvidia-gb202:transistor-count", "method": "die-specification", "metric": "transistor-count", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "transistor", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "92200000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "transistor", "value": "92200000000" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gb202", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Tier C table figure for the DDR frame-buffer interface, not a measured application result.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications:ddr" ], "id": "nvidia-geforce-256:ddr-32mb:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4800000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "4.800" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "configurationId": "ddr-32mb", "id": "nvidia-geforce-256", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Tier C table figure for the DDR reference frame buffer, not host memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications:ddr" ], "id": "nvidia-geforce-256:ddr-32mb:memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "33554432" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "ddr-32mb", "id": "nvidia-geforce-256", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The DDR configuration has one fitted frame buffer, so its whole-system figure repeats the cited interface bandwidth.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications:ddr" ], "id": "nvidia-geforce-256:ddr-32mb:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4800000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "4.800" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "configurationId": "ddr-32mb", "id": "nvidia-geforce-256", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Tier C table figure for the SDR frame-buffer interface, not a measured application result.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications:sdr" ], "id": "nvidia-geforce-256:sdr-32mb:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2656000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "2.656" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "configurationId": "sdr-32mb", "id": "nvidia-geforce-256", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Tier C table figure for the SDR reference frame buffer, not host memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications:sdr" ], "id": "nvidia-geforce-256:sdr-32mb:memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "33554432" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "sdr-32mb", "id": "nvidia-geforce-256", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The SDR configuration has one fitted frame buffer, so its whole-system figure repeats the cited interface bandwidth.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications:sdr" ], "id": "nvidia-geforce-256:sdr-32mb:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2656000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "2.656" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "configurationId": "sdr-32mb", "id": "nvidia-geforce-256", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Vendor-stated maximum transfer rate of this memory interface, not a benchmarked application result.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-memory:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "35000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "35" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-whitepaper" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The recovered NVIDIA material documents a 512 MB later variant, not the April 2004 reference-card capacity.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-memory:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "NVIDIA's release notes establish only that a 512 MB Ultra variant existed; the recovered material does not establish the launch-reference capacity.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-whitepaper" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-memory", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Recovered material does not establish the launch-reference value." } }, { "caveat": "Adds the one fitted frame-buffer bandwidth. No host memory is included.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "derivedFrom": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "35000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "35" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-whitepaper" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Vendor-stated maximum transfer rate of this memory interface, not a benchmarked application result.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-memory:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "86400000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "86.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-product-brief", "fau-geforce-8800-gtx-cuda-comparison" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The frame buffer fitted to the reference accelerator; host memory is excluded.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-memory:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "805306368" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "768" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "fau-geforce-8800-gtx-cuda-comparison" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Adds the one fitted frame-buffer bandwidth. No host memory is included.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "derivedFrom": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "86400000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "86.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-product-brief", "fau-geforce-8800-gtx-cuda-comparison" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "launch-price|whole-system|list-price", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080:pricing" ], "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-1080:launch-price", "method": "list-price", "metric": "launch-price", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "NVIDIA states no price for this card in either cited document. The one figure in them is an expectation about what add-in-card partners would charge — \"pricing is expected to start at $599\", hedged as varying by region — which is neither NVIDIA’s own asking price nor a price for the Founders Edition NVIDIA sold itself.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-1080", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Cited documents do not establish NVIDIA's own launch price." } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "One pool of GDDR5X on the card, and nothing else on it.", "derivedFrom": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-1080:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080:specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-1080:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "320000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "320" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-1080", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Vendor-stated maximum transfer rate of this memory interface, not a benchmarked application result.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-memory:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "192400000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "192.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-product-brief" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The frame buffer fitted to the reference accelerator; host memory is excluded.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-memory:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1610612736" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "1536" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Adds the one fitted frame-buffer bandwidth. No host memory is included.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "derivedFrom": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "192400000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "192.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-product-brief" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Vendor-stated maximum transfer rate of this memory interface, not a benchmarked application result.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-memory:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "336000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "336" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-product-brief" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The frame buffer fitted to the reference accelerator; host memory is excluded.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-memory:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3221225472" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "3" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Adds the one fitted frame-buffer bandwidth. No host memory is included.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "derivedFrom": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "336000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "336" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-product-brief" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Vendor-stated maximum transfer rate of this memory interface, not a benchmarked application result.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-memory:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "616000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "616" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-product-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The frame buffer fitted to the reference accelerator; host memory is excluded.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-memory:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "11811160064" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "11" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Adds the one fitted frame-buffer bandwidth. No host memory is included.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "derivedFrom": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "616000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "616" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-product-specifications" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Vendor-stated maximum transfer rate of this memory interface, not a benchmarked application result.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-memory:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1008000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "1008" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-product-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The frame buffer fitted to the reference accelerator; host memory is excluded.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-memory:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "25769803776" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "24" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Adds the one fitted frame-buffer bandwidth. No host memory is included.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "derivedFrom": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1008000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "1008" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-product-specifications" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "One pool of GDDR7 on the card, and nothing else on it.", "derivedFrom": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-5090:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090:whitepaper-table" ], "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-5090:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1792000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "1792" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-5090", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The reference-card graphics clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-gf110:clock-frequency-base", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "772000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "772" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gf110", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The recovered NVIDIA launch material does not state an explicitly labelled FP32 peak.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-gf110:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The launch table gives CUDA-core and processor-clock figures, but no explicitly labelled single-precision throughput.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-product-brief" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gf110", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Surviving launch material provides no explicitly labelled FP32 throughput." } }, { "caveat": "Nvidia's own material for this chip states no thermal figure. Wikipedia gives 243 W as the card's rated thermal design power, and the catalog carries it as rumored.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|gpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-gf110:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "243" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "243" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-product-brief", "wikipedia-geforce-500-series" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gf110", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The lower declared clock. The separately named upper clock is a different quantity and uses peak-clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-gk110b:clock-frequency-base", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "875000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "875" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gk110b", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The vendor’s upper boost clock, distinct from the nominal clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|peak-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-gk110b:clock-frequency-boost", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "928000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "928" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gk110b", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "NVIDIA's reference-card page does not state an explicitly labelled FP32 peak.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-gk110b:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The page gives CUDA-core and clock figures but no explicitly labelled single-precision throughput.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-product-brief" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gk110b", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The cited material provides no explicitly labelled FP32 throughput." } }, { "caveat": "NVIDIA labels this a graphics-card power rating for its reference design, not a measured draw or a thermal-design target.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|gpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-gk110b:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "250" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "250" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gk110b", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The base clock: the frequency the card is specified to hold, and the one of its two clocks that belongs in the same row as a fixed crystal frequency. The boost clock is recorded separately, because a ceiling reached when there is thermal headroom answers a different question.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "Reference card, as specified in NVIDIA's launch table.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080:specifications", "nvidia-gtx-1080:whitepaper-table" ], "id": "nvidia-gp104:clock-frequency-base", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1607000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1607" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016", "nvidia-gtx-1080-whitepaper" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gp104", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The boost clock, and NVIDIA's own footnote is why it is a separate figure rather than a better version of the base clock: the vendor computes its rate figures from this frequency, not from the one the card is specified to hold. It sits in the same comparability group as the PlayStation 5's variable-frequency ceiling and in a different one from every fixed clock in the catalog.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|peak-clock", "conditions": "Reference card, the frequency NVIDIA guarantees the card reaches when power and thermal headroom allow.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080:specifications", "nvidia-gtx-1080:whitepaper-table" ], "id": "nvidia-gp104:clock-frequency-boost", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1733000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1733" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016", "nvidia-gtx-1080-whitepaper" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gp104", "kind": "component" } }, { "asOf": "2026-08-18", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench-compute", "variant": "opencl", "version": "7" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling average for this graphics processor, read from the 25 July 2026 OpenCL chart. Version 7 calibrates a compute result against a baseline of 100,000, so it may be compared only with another Geekbench 7 OpenCL figure from this curation round, never with a Metal figure, an earlier version or a processor score. The chart also lists this processor under “GeForce GTX 1080”, at 55 875; the row naming the product as its maker does was taken, and the disagreement is recorded in the conflict ledger.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-compute-score|gpu|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench-compute@7:opencl", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:gtx-1080", "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "nvidia-gp104:geekbench-compute-7-opencl", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "54526" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "54526" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gp104", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "NVIDIA's table labels this row only \"GFLOPs\". It is approved as a single-precision rate because the same vendor, in the launch article, describes the parts that produce it as \"2560 single-precision CUDA Cores\", and because the figure is exactly those cores multiplied by two operations and the boost clock the table's footnote says it uses. That is a precision the vendor stated, in the vendor's own documents, not a reading this catalog supplied, which is what keeps the console teraflops figures provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "2,560 single-precision cores at the 1733 MHz boost clock, per the whitepaper's footnote. A theoretical peak, not an achieved rate.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080:whitepaper-table", "nvidia-gtx-1080:single-precision-cores" ], "id": "nvidia-gp104:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8873000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GFLOP/s", "value": "8873" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-whitepaper", "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gp104", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A node name rather than a measured dimension. Nothing on this die is sixteen nanometers across, and the metric forbids ratios for that reason: \"four times finer than 4 nm\" would be a statement about marketing rather than about silicon.", "comparabilityGroup": "process-node|gpu|die-specification", "conditions": "Node as named by the foundry and repeated by NVIDIA: \"16nm FinFET\".", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080:specifications", "nvidia-gtx-1080:whitepaper-table" ], "id": "nvidia-gp104:process-node", "method": "die-specification", "metric": "process-node", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "m", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "0.000000016" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "nm", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016", "nvidia-gtx-1080-whitepaper" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gp104", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "NVIDIA's own word for this figure is TDP, so it is recorded as a cooling-design target. The GeForce RTX 5090 nine years later states a \"Total Graphics Power\" instead, which is a different definition and therefore a different metric. The two sit in different rows on purpose, and neither would allow a ratio in any case.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|gpu|rated-power", "conditions": "\"TDP: 180 W\" for the reference card, alongside a 500 W recommended system power that describes a computer rather than this card.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080:specifications", "nvidia-gtx-1080:whitepaper-table" ], "id": "nvidia-gp104:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "180" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "180" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016", "nvidia-gtx-1080-whitepaper" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gp104", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "\"7.2 billion\" is two significant digits, not eleven. NVIDIA states the same count in the article and in the whitepaper, and neither breaks it down by block, so nothing here says how many of these transistors do arithmetic.", "comparabilityGroup": "transistor-count|gpu|die-specification", "conditions": "Whole die, as NVIDIA states it: the graphics, memory-controller and display blocks together.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080:specifications", "nvidia-gtx-1080:whitepaper-table" ], "id": "nvidia-gp104:transistor-count", "method": "die-specification", "metric": "transistor-count", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "transistor", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "7200000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "transistor", "value": "7200000000" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016", "nvidia-gtx-1080-whitepaper" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gp104", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A bus maximum, stated identically by the launch article and the whitepaper. Same metric, same scope, same method as every other theoretical bandwidth here, which is what makes the multiplier against the GeForce RTX 5090 a legitimate one.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Peak transfer rate of the GDDR5X memory on a 256 bit interface.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080:specifications", "nvidia-gtx-1080:whitepaper-table" ], "id": "nvidia-gtx-1080-memory:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "320000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "320" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016", "nvidia-gtx-1080-whitepaper" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gtx-1080-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Stated in the article’s prose rather than in either specification table, which is why it took a second transcription of a source the catalog already held.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bus-width|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Width of the interface between the GP104 and the GDDR5X fitted to the card.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080:memory-interface" ], "id": "nvidia-gtx-1080-memory:bus-width", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-bus-width", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "bit", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "256" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "bit", "value": "256" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gtx-1080-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "NVIDIA calls it a framebuffer and writes \"8 GB\", read as 8 GiB in the binary convention this catalog applies to every memory capacity. Recorded at whole-system scope because it is all the memory this card has. As with the H100, it answers a narrower question than a computer's, since work has to be copied here from a host first.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "The card's own memory, on a 256 bit interface. No host memory is included.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080:specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-gtx-1080-memory:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8589934592" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-gtx-1080-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "asOf": "2026-08-18", "benchmark": { "id": "geekbench-compute", "variant": "opencl", "version": "7" }, "caveat": "A dated capture of the benchmark publisher’s rolling average for this graphics processor, read from the 25 July 2026 OpenCL chart. Version 7 calibrates a compute result against a baseline of 100,000, so it may be compared only with another Geekbench 7 OpenCL figure from this curation round, never with a Metal figure, an earlier version or a processor score. The chart’s device string names the memory rather than the form factor; it is read as the SXM module because the PCIe and NVL cards hold rows of their own.", "comparabilityGroup": "geekbench-compute-score|gpu|benchmark-chart-average|geekbench-compute@7:opencl", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:h100", "geekbench-opencl-chart-2026-07-25:what-the-figures-are" ], "id": "nvidia-h100-gpu:geekbench-compute-7-opencl", "method": "benchmark-chart-average", "metric": "geekbench-compute-score", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 6, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "341973" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "341973" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-h100-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A bus maximum like every other bandwidth figure here, and directly comparable with them: same metric, same scope, same method. That makes it the one place in this record where a multiplier across the whole span of the catalog is legitimate.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Peak transfer rate between the accelerator's memory and its processing units.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-h100:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-h100-memory:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3350000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "TB/s", "value": "3.35" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-h100-product-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-h100-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "NVIDIA writes \"80GB\", read as 80 GiB in the binary convention this catalog applies to every memory capacity. Recorded at whole-system scope because it is all the memory this device has, but it answers a narrower question than a computer's: work has to be copied here from a host before the accelerator can touch it.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Memory on the SXM module. The accelerator has no other, and no host memory is included.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-h100:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-h100-memory:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "85899345920" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "80" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-h100-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-h100-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Unknown rather than not-applicable, and worth noticing beside the two consumer cards in this catalog: the GeForce GTX 1080 is specified with a base clock and a boost clock, while the data-center part from the same maker is specified with neither. What NVIDIA sells here is throughput, and the frequency that produces it is left inside the figures.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-h100:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-h100-sxm:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "NVIDIA’s specification table for this accelerator gives floating-point rates at four precisions, a memory bandwidth and a power figure, and no clock at all.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-h100-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-h100-sxm", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "NVIDIA's specification table provides no GPU clock." } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "One pool of high-bandwidth memory on the package, and nothing else on the card.", "derivedFrom": "nvidia-h100-sxm:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-h100:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-h100-sxm:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3350000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "TB/s", "value": "3.35" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-h100-product-specifications" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-h100-sxm", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Conditional on the data, not just the hardware: the figure assumes a sparsity pattern the workload must actually have, and halves without it. The method records that condition, so this rate cannot be compared with any dense figure, which is why it is recorded separately rather than rounded into a headline number.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp16-rate|gpu|tensor-core-sparsity-peak", "conditions": "Half-precision rate through the tensor cores, with structural sparsity — the source's asterisk footnote reads \"With sparsity\".", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-h100:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-h100:peak-fp16-rate", "method": "tensor-core-sparsity-peak", "metric": "peak-fp16-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1979000000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "1979" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-h100-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-h100-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Equal to this chip's double-precision tensor-core rate, which is a coincidence of two different units and not a statement that precision costs nothing here: on the general units, single precision is twice as fast as double.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Single-precision rate on the general floating-point units.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-h100:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-h100:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "67000000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "67" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-h100-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-h100-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Approved rather than provisional because the source names the precision, the first floating-point figure in this catalog of which that is true. It remains a peak: no workload sustains it, and the same chip's tensor cores double it for the same precision, which is recorded separately because a different unit produced it.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp64-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Double-precision rate on the general floating-point units, as distinct from the tensor cores.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-h100:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-h100:peak-fp64-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp64-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "34000000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "34" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-h100-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-h100-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Twice the general-purpose double-precision rate, and available only to matrix operations shaped the way the tensor cores require. It is in a comparability group of its own for that reason: quoting it beside another machine's general floating-point peak would compare a specialized unit with a general one.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp64-rate|gpu|tensor-core-peak", "conditions": "Double-precision rate through the fourth-generation tensor cores, which perform matrix operations rather than general arithmetic.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-h100:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-h100:peak-fp64-rate-tensor", "method": "tensor-core-peak", "metric": "peak-fp64-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "67000000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "67" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-h100-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-h100-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A cooling-design target for one component, not a machine's consumption, and explicitly configurable downward, so \"700 W\" is a ceiling that a given deployment may never approach. The metric forbids ratios, which also keeps it away from the whole-system ratings recorded for the PlayStation 2 and the Mac mini: those describe complete computers, this describes a card.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|gpu|rated-power", "conditions": "\"Max Thermal Design Power (TDP): Up to 700W (configurable)\" — an upper bound for the module, and one operators may set lower.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-h100:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-h100:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "700" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "700" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-h100-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-h100-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Two independent technical reviews agree on the NV10 core-clock figure.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "computerbase-geforce-256:core-clock", "toms-hardware-geforce-256:core-clock" ], "id": "nvidia-nv10:clock-frequency-base", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "120000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "120" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "computerbase-geforce-256", "toms-hardware-geforce-256" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-nv10", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Tier C table figure for the NV10's theoretical fixed-function FP32 rate.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications:sdr", "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications:ddr" ], "id": "nvidia-nv10:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "960000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MFLOP/s", "value": "960" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-nv10", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Tier C table figure for the NV10's theoretical pixel fill rate.", "comparabilityGroup": "pixel-fill-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications:sdr", "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications:ddr" ], "id": "nvidia-nv10:pixel-fill-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "pixel-fill-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "pixel/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "480000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "Mpixel/s", "value": "480" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-nv10", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "No checked source, including the VisionTek product brief, states a board-power rating for either reference configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|gpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-nv10:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "note": "No checked source, including the VisionTek product brief, states a board-power rating for either reference configuration.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "visiontek-geforce-256-agp-product-brief", "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-nv10", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-26", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No checked source, including the VisionTek product brief, states a board-power rating for either reference configuration." } }, { "caveat": "Tier C table figure for the NV10's theoretical texel fill rate.", "comparabilityGroup": "texel-fill-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications:sdr", "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications:ddr" ], "id": "nvidia-nv10:texel-fill-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "texel-fill-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "texel/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "480000000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "Mtexel/s", "value": "480" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-nv10", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The reference-card graphics clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-nv40:clock-frequency-base", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "425000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "425" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-whitepaper" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-nv40", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Programmable shaders do not authorize a catalog-side FLOPS estimate without a published operation count.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-nv40:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The cited vendor material states no FP32 peak in FLOP/s.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-whitepaper" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-nv40", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The cited vendor material provides no compatible published value." } }, { "caveat": "The recovered NVIDIA material does not state a numeric board-power or thermal-design rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|gpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-nv40:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "No numeric graphics-card or board-power rating appears in the recovered qualifying NVIDIA documents.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-whitepaper" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-nv40", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Recovered qualifying documents provide no numeric board-power rating." } }, { "caveat": "Stated in the architecture whitepaper and nowhere on the page that sells the card, which gives the interface width and stops. Same metric, same scope, same method as the GeForce GTX 1080's, which is what makes a multiplier between the two legitimate.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Peak transfer rate of the GDDR7 memory at 28 Gbps on a 512 bit interface.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090:whitepaper-table" ], "id": "nvidia-rtx-5090-memory:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1792000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "1792" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-rtx-5090-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "One of the few figures NVIDIA prints identically in the whitepaper and on the page that sells the card.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bus-width|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Width of the interface between the GB202 and the GDDR7 fitted to the card: sixteen 32 bit controllers.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090:whitepaper-table", "nvidia-rtx-5090:gb202-die", "nvidia-rtx-5090:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-rtx-5090-memory:bus-width", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-bus-width", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "bit", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "512" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "bit", "value": "512" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper", "nvidia-rtx-5090-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-rtx-5090-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Both documents write \"32 GB\", read as 32 GiB in the binary convention this catalog applies to every memory capacity. Recorded at whole-system scope because it is all the memory the card has, and it means what a card's memory means rather than what a computer's does.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "The card's own memory, on a 512 bit interface. No host memory is included.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090:whitepaper-table", "nvidia-rtx-5090:product-specifications" ], "id": "nvidia-rtx-5090-memory:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "34359738368" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper", "nvidia-rtx-5090-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-rtx-5090-memory", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The lower declared clock. The separately named upper clock is a different quantity and uses peak-clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-tu102:clock-frequency-base", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1350000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1350" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-tu102", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The vendor’s upper boost clock, distinct from the nominal clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|peak-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-tu102:clock-frequency-boost", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1635000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "1635" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-tu102", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A theoretical general-shader FP32 peak; tensor, AI and ray-tracing rates are excluded.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "General shader units at the 1635 MHz boost clock.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-tu102:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "13450000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "13.45" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-product-specifications" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-tu102", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The vendor’s thermal-design target, not a measured board draw.", "comparabilityGroup": "thermal-design-power|gpu|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "nvidia-tu102:thermal-design-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "thermal-design-power", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "250" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "250" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-product-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "nvidia-tu102", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "pc-32bit-dram:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The cited processor documentation does not specify a comparable byte-transfer peak for these 386 and 486 configurations.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "pc-32bit-dram", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No configuration-specific compatible bandwidth value is present in the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "A documented absence, and a demonstration of what would fix it. A vendor rating exists for one member; recording it here would silently give the Pentium 4 and Core 2 Duo platforms a DDR3 bandwidth. The entry needs splitting per memory generation before any of the three can be answered.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "pc-ddr-sdram:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "One of the three machines fitted with this component can be documented and the component cannot: Intel rates the Core i7-2600K's dual-channel DDR3-1333 interface at 21 GB/s. The same component also stands for the Pentium 4's DDR and the Core 2 Duo E6600's DDR2, which are different standards at different transfer rates, so the one figure available describes a third of the component.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "pc-ddr-sdram", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No configuration-specific compatible bandwidth value is present in the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "Intel's rating of the Core i9-14900K's memory interface, not a property of any fitted module and not a measurement of traffic across it. It describes the faster of the two memory types that processor accepts: the same specification offers DDR4-3200, at which the interface reaches less. This is the one component in the x86 line whose figure is safe to state, because only one machine in the catalog is fitted with it. The DDR, DDR2 and DDR3 components shared across earlier machines have no equivalent single answer.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Two channels of DDR5-5600 as rated for the Core i9-14900K memory controller.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "pc-ddr5-sdram:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "89600000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "89.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i9-14900k-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "pc-ddr5-sdram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "pc-display-adapter:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "MDA and CGA boards use distinct timing crystals; this display-adapter class has no one GPU clock.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "pc-display-adapter", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No configuration-specific compatible graphics-clock value is present in the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "pc-display-adapter:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "These raster and text display adapters have no floating-point execution hardware.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "pc-display-adapter", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "pc-early-dram:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The cited processor documentation does not specify a sustained or peak byte-transfer rate for the chosen early-PC memory configurations.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "pc-early-dram", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No configuration-specific compatible bandwidth value is present in the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for nec-pc-engine: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "pc-engine-huc6280:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This console CPU has no integrated floating-point execution unit.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "pc-engine-huc6280", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "NEC's verified system outline states no RAM capacity. Wikipedia gives 8 KiB of work RAM, which is separate from the video RAM the console also carries and which the catalog records separately.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "pc-engine-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8192" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual", "wikipedia-pc-engine-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "pc-engine-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for nec-pc-engine: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "pc-engine-vdc:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This is a tile, sprite or scanline graphics unit, not a floating-point processor; it executes no FP32 operations.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "pc-engine-vdc", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "NEC's verified system outline states no video-RAM capacity. Wikipedia's infobox and hardware paragraph both give 64 KiB, and the catalog carries it as rumored until an NEC document states it.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "pc-engine-video-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "65536" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual", "wikipedia-pc-engine-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "pc-engine-video-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "pc-sdram:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The representative PC configurations state capacity but do not assert an unverified memory-bus peak.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "pc-sdram", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No configuration-specific compatible bandwidth value is present in the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "Sony states the rate without an operation mix, a precision or a benchmark, so it is a vendor peak rather than an achieved result. It is not comparable with the Dreamcast's floating-point figure, which Sega derived from a specific matrix-multiplication workload.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Whole chip: the FPU coprocessor together with vector units VU0 and VU1, which hold nine floating-point multiply-add units and three dividers between them.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps2-1999:floating-point" ], "id": "ps2-emotion-engine:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "6200000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GFLOP/s", "value": "6.2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps2-emotion-engine", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A bus maximum. The 2560 bit are not one bus but three ports — separate read and write paths for the frame and Z buffers plus a texture path — so no single operation can consume the whole figure.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Peak transfer rate of the Graphics Synthesizer's embedded DRAM across its 2560 bit bus at 150 MHz.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps2-1999:graphics" ], "id": "ps2-gs-edram:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "48000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "48" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "ps2-gs-edram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The total width of the ports into the embedded DRAM, summed. It is an on-die figure and has no counterpart on a console whose graphics memory is external.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bus-width|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps2-1999:graphics" ], "id": "ps2-gs-edram:bus-width", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-bus-width", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "bit", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2560" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "bit", "value": "2560" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps2-gs-edram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The release writes \"4MB\", meaning 4 MiB. The figure is quoted from the 2003 description of the merged Emotion Engine and Graphics Synthesizer chip; the embedded memory was not resized when the two dies were combined.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Embedded DRAM on the Graphics Synthesizer die, holding the frame buffer, the Z buffer and textures in one address space.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-2003:specification-table" ], "id": "ps2-gs-edram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4194304" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ee-gs-single-chip-2003" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps2-gs-edram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A bus maximum, not a rate any workload sustains. Rambus reaches it with a narrow channel at a very high transfer rate, which makes it more sensitive to access pattern than a wide, slow bus of the same nominal figure.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Peak transfer rate of the Direct Rambus channel between main memory and the Emotion Engine.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps2-1999:main-memory" ], "id": "ps2-main-rdram:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3200000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "3.2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999" ], "status": "theoretical", "subject": { "id": "ps2-main-rdram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The release writes \"32 MB\", meaning 32 MiB. The Graphics Synthesizer's 4 MiB is separate and unreachable from here, so the two are never added.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Main memory fitted to the console. The Emotion Engine can address 256 MB, which development hardware used and retail machines never did.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps2-1999:main-memory" ], "id": "ps2-main-rdram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "33554432" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps2-main-rdram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Recorded as single precision on the strength of the SPEs being single-precision units, which is an editorial reading and not a citation: the source states no precision. Provisional on that ground as well as on being a pre-launch figure. Reviewed again against the instruction manual printed for the console that shipped (CECHA01, 2006): its specification table names the Cell and the RSX without a frequency for either and both memories without a transfer rate, so no post-launch Sony document corroborates this figure and it stays provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "\"Total floating point performance\" of the Cell processor — the PowerPC core with its VMX unit and all seven SPEs — per the announcement of May 2005.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps3-2005:cpu" ], "id": "ps3-cell:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "218000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GFLOP/s", "value": "218" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-specifications-2005" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps3-cell", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A bus figure from a pre-launch table. Worth reading beside the PlayStation 2's graphics memory, which was sixty-four times smaller and twice this fast, although the multiplier is refused: this figure is provisional, having been announced before the console shipped and never restated afterwards. Reviewed again against the instruction manual printed for the console that shipped (CECHA01, 2006): its specification table names the Cell and the RSX without a frequency for either and both memories without a transfer rate, so no post-launch Sony document corroborates this figure and it stays provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "\"System Bandwidth — VRAM\", per the announcement of May 2005.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps3-2005:memory" ], "id": "ps3-gddr3:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "22400000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "22.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-specifications-2005" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps3-gddr3", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Both releases write \"256MB\", meaning 256 MiB. External to the RSX rather than embedded in it, unlike the PlayStation 2's graphics memory. A third Sony document states the same two capacities, and it is the first written for a buyer holding the machine rather than for the press: the specification table in the CECHA01 instruction manual.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Video memory attached to the RSX, in the console Sony launched.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps3-2006:specification", "scei-ps3-2005:memory", "scei-ps3-cecha01:processors-and-memory" ], "id": "ps3-gddr3:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "268435456" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "256" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-launch-2006", "scei-ps3-specifications-2005", "scei-ps3-cecha01-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps3-gddr3", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The weakest figure on this record. No precision, no shader-unit count and no operations-per-cycle are stated, so it cannot be reconciled with the 550 MHz quoted beside it, and no later Sony document repeats it. It is recorded because the source states it and withheld from every automatic multiplier because nothing about it can be checked. Reviewed again against the instruction manual printed for the console that shipped (CECHA01, 2006): its specification table names the Cell and the RSX without a frequency for either and both memories without a transfer rate, so no post-launch Sony document corroborates this figure and it stays provisional. It also cannot be read as the same claim as the PlayStation 4's 1.84 TFLOP/s: the PlayStation 4's reconstructs exactly from the compute units its own source names, counting the fused multiply-add each shader lane issues per cycle, and this one reconstructs from nothing. They share a comparability group because both are a vendor's theoretical peak for a graphics processor, which is as far as the group can see: it cannot tell that the two are counting different operations. A search for a checkable figure to set against this one found nothing usable: the rates that circulate for the RSX disagree with each other by more than a factor of two and every one of them traces back to a wiki or a forum, so there is no A source and no pair of agreeing B sources to record a conflict against.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "\"Floating point performance\" of the RSX, per the announcement of May 2005.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps3-2005:gpu" ], "id": "ps3-rsx:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1800000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "1.8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-specifications-2005" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps3-rsx", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A bus figure from a pre-launch table, and one the launch specification does not repeat. The same table quotes the RSX's access to this memory separately, at 20 GB/s writing and 15 GB/s reading, so the processor is not the only claimant on the 25.6. Reviewed again against the instruction manual printed for the console that shipped (CECHA01, 2006): its specification table names the Cell and the RSX without a frequency for either and both memories without a transfer rate, so no post-launch Sony document corroborates this figure and it stays provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "\"System Bandwidth — Main RAM\", per the announcement of May 2005.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps3-2005:memory" ], "id": "ps3-xdr:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "25600000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "25.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-specifications-2005" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps3-xdr", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Both releases write \"256MB\", meaning 256 MiB. The RSX's 256 MiB is a separate pool, so the console's memory is never one figure of 512 MiB. A third Sony document states the same two capacities, and it is the first written for a buyer holding the machine rather than for the press: the specification table in the CECHA01 instruction manual.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Main memory attached to the Cell processor, in the console Sony launched.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps3-2006:specification", "scei-ps3-2005:memory", "scei-ps3-cecha01:processors-and-memory" ], "id": "ps3-xdr:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "268435456" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "256" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-launch-2006", "scei-ps3-specifications-2005", "scei-ps3-cecha01-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps3-xdr", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Stated nine months before the console shipped and not repeated by the launch release. It is also one figure where two earlier records would have needed two: processor and graphics traffic share this bus rather than owning separate ones.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Bandwidth of the unified GDDR5 memory, per the introduction of February 2013.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps4-2013:memory" ], "id": "ps4-gddr5:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "176000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "176" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps4-introduction-2013" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps4-gddr5", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Both releases write \"8GB\", meaning 8 GiB. Recorded at whole-system scope rather than memory scope because it is the machine's memory: unlike the earlier PlayStations, there is no second pool this figure excludes.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Unified system memory, shared by the eight processor cores and the 18 compute units.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scea-ps4-2013:launch-architecture", "scei-ps4-2013:memory" ], "id": "ps4-gddr5:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8589934592" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scea-ps4-launch-2013", "scei-ps4-introduction-2013" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps4-gddr5", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Recorded as single precision, which the source does not state: the same editorial reading the PlayStation 3's figures carry, and the same reason for holding it provisional. Sony also gives no clock, so the figure cannot be checked against the 18 compute units it is attributed to.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "18 compute units \"collectively generating 1.84 Teraflops of processing power\", per the introduction of February 2013.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps4-2013:processor" ], "id": "ps4-gpu:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1840000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "1.84" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps4-introduction-2013" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps4-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "A bus maximum, comparable with every other theoretical bandwidth in the catalog and with none of the benchmarked ones. Stated eight months before the console shipped, in a table that has been revised since.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "Bandwidth of the unified GDDR6 memory, per Sony's specification table of March 2020.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps5-2020:memory" ], "id": "ps5-gddr6:bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "448000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "448" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps5-gddr6", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Sony writes \"GDDR6 16GB\", meaning 16 GiB. Recorded at whole-system scope rather than memory scope because it is the machine's memory: like the PlayStation 4 and unlike the three consoles before it, there is no second pool this figure excludes.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Unified system memory, shared by the processor cores and the graphics engine.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps5-2020:memory" ], "id": "ps5-gddr6:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "17179869184" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps5-gddr6", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Recorded as single precision, which the source does not state: the same editorial reading the PlayStation 3's and PlayStation 4's figures carry, and the same reason for holding it provisional. It is also a rate quoted at a frequency the machine reaches rather than holds, and with no compute-unit count to check it against.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "The RDNA 2 graphics engine at its ceiling frequency of 2.23 GHz, per Sony's specification table of March 2020.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps5-2020:graphics" ], "id": "ps5-gpu:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "10300000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "10.3" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "ps5-gpu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The manual writes \"2 MB\", meaning 2 MiB. Video memory is a separate 1 MiB and is not part of this figure; the two are not one pool and adding them would describe memory the console cannot use interchangeably.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Main memory installed in the console. No TLB is fitted, so the physical map is fixed.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "psx-hw:ch2:main-memory" ], "id": "psx-main-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2097152" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "psx-hardware-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "psx-main-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Reachable by the GPU rather than by the CPU, so it answers a different question from main memory, the same distinction the Amiga draws between Chip and Fast memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Video memory attached to the GPU, holding the frame buffer, texture pages and color lookup tables.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "psx-hw:ch3:gpu-vram" ], "id": "psx-vram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1048576" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "1" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "psx-hardware-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "psx-vram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The product brief names a 2.4 GHz clock for the BCM2712 processor.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "raspberry-pi-5:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2400000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "2.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "raspberry-pi-5", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The product brief names an 800 MHz VideoCore VII GPU.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "raspberry-pi-5:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "800000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "800" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "raspberry-pi-5", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The product brief names the VideoCore VII GPU but does not publish an FP32 peak.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "raspberry-pi-5:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The product brief names the VideoCore VII GPU but does not publish an FP32 peak.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "raspberry-pi-5", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The product brief provides no FP32 peak rate." } }, { "caveat": "The 5 V, 5 A input is the board’s rated supply requirement, not a workload power measurement.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "raspberry-pi-5:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "25" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "25" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "raspberry-pi-5", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The product brief names LPDDR4X-4267 but publishes no comparable memory-interface width or system bandwidth.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "raspberry-pi-5:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The product brief names LPDDR4X-4267 but publishes no comparable memory-interface width or system bandwidth.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "raspberry-pi-5", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The product brief provides no memory-interface width or system bandwidth." } }, { "caveat": "This configuration is the 8 GB board model; memory capacity is treated as binary working memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "raspberry-pi-5:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "8589934592" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "8" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5-product-brief" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "raspberry-pi-5", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A maximum, not the capacity of every flight article. Running the modules in duplex for redundancy halves the words available.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity-words|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Eight memory modules operating in simplex; the maximum the design allows.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342:page-26:memory-module", "ntrs-19700023342:table-5" ], "id": "saturn-lvdc:max-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity-words", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "word", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "32768" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "word", "value": "32768" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "eight-module", "id": "saturn-lvdc", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Unknown for the same reason as the Apollo Guidance Computer’s, and the pair is worth seeing together: two machines of the same program and the same year, both described in microseconds and words, neither in bytes per second.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "saturn-lvdc:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The report specifies the memory by module capacity, word length and cycle time, and states no transfer rate.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "saturn-lvdc", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked report provides cycle time and word length, not a bandwidth value." } }, { "caveat": "A design figure for the computer alone, excluding the data adapter that connects it to the rest of the instrument unit. It is not a measured draw and not a cooling-design target.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "Computer with four memory modules. The report gives no figure for other module counts.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342:table-5" ], "id": "saturn-lvdc:rated-power", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "137" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "137.0" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "four-module", "id": "saturn-lvdc", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The internal rate. Quoting it against a machine whose published clock is an external bus rate would compare two different things.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "SH-4 internal clock. The external bus runs at 100 MHz and the peripheral clock at 50 MHz, all derived from a 33.3 MHz PLL output.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "dc-hw:table-2-1:sh4" ], "id": "sega-dreamcast:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "200000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "200" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "sega-dreamcast", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "NEC HOLLY image-drawing VLSI, built around a PowerVR2 core.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "dc-hw:1-2:system-specification" ], "id": "sega-dreamcast:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "100000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "100" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "sega-dreamcast", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "The bus to main memory. The texture and sound stores have bandwidths of their own that no source consulted here states.", "derivedFrom": "sega-dreamcast:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "dc-hw:2-3:main-memory" ], "id": "sega-dreamcast:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "800000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MB/s", "value": "800" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "sega-dreamcast", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 8 MiB of texture memory (attached to the graphics processor rather than to the CPU); 2 MiB of sound memory (the sound processor’s own store, reachable only across the peripheral bus). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Main memory. The machine has three separate stores and only this one is general.", "derivedFrom": "sega-dreamcast:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "dc-hw:2-3:main-memory", "dc-hw:1-2:system-specification" ], "id": "sega-dreamcast:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16777216" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "sega-dreamcast", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "sega-master-system:cartridge-storage-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Game cartridges are removable media and their ROM capacity varies by title; no cartridge capacity is part of the base console.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-master-system", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The verified service manual states no clock. Wikipedia gives 3.58 MHz for the Z80A, and the catalog carries it as rumored until a Sega document states it.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "sega-master-system:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3580000" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "3.58" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual", "wikipedia-master-system-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "ntsc", "id": "sega-master-system", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The service manual identifies the IC5 clock in its oscillator test procedure.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-master-system-service-manual:ic5-clock" ], "id": "sega-master-system:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 7, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3579545" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 7, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "3.579545" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-master-system", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The service manual gives oscillator checks and parts lists, but no memory transfer rate or bus-width figure.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "sega-master-system:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no memory bandwidth or bus width.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-master-system", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked manual supplies neither a memory transfer rate nor the bus terms needed to calculate one." } }, { "caveat": "Provisional and unknown, having been checked rather than merely left empty: a vendor rating was found and rejected because its model code belongs to a different console.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-sms:spec-table:power" ], "id": "sega-master-system:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Sega does state an electrical rating for a Master System — DC9V/850mA — but for the Japanese MK-2000 of October 1987, and the same page sets out how the overseas machine released a year earlier differs in hardware: no FM sound, no 3-D glasses port, no rapid-fire circuit. This record is the 1986 machine, so the vendor figure exists and does not describe it.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "sega-hardware-encyclopedia-master-system" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-master-system", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Sega's published electrical rating applies to the later Japanese MK-2000, not the 1986 overseas model in this record." } }, { "caveat": "Both terms of the total are rumored. The catalog displays a rumored figure but does not compute with one, so the total waits for a document that states a capacity outright.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "sega-master-system:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The console's work RAM and video RAM are both known only from tier C material. Adding them would rest a new number on that material, which this catalog does not do.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-master-system", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-26", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Both fitted capacities are published only in tier C material, which may be recorded but may not be summed." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "sega-mega-drive:cartridge-storage-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Game cartridges are removable media and their ROM capacity varies by title; no cartridge capacity is part of the base console.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-mega-drive", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for sega-mega-drive: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "sega-mega-drive:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "7670000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "7.67" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "ntsc", "id": "sega-mega-drive", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The reviewed service manual is for the later PAL Mega Drive II, not this original Japanese Mega Drive configuration, so its VDP timing does not apply.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "sega-mega-drive:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual covers a different console revision.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-mega-drive", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The available manual is for PAL Mega Drive II hardware, not the original Japanese Mega Drive configuration." } }, { "caveat": "The reviewed service manual is for the later PAL Mega Drive II, not this original Japanese Mega Drive configuration, so its memory timings do not apply.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "sega-mega-drive:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual covers a different console revision.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-mega-drive", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The available PAL Mega Drive II manual cannot supply a memory figure for this original Japanese configuration." } }, { "caveat": "Sega states this as 約13W — \"approximately 13 W\" — so the figure carries the vendor's own hedge. It is a consumption rating and not a measured draw, and it describes the Japanese HAA-2500; later Mega Drive and Genesis revisions are different hardware.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "Japanese Mega Drive, model code HAA-2500, drawing from its dedicated DC9V AC adapter.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-md:spec-table:power" ], "id": "sega-mega-drive:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "13" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "13" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "sega-hardware-encyclopedia-mega-drive" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-mega-drive", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: removable game-cartridge ROM (removable program storage, not memory the console can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "sega-mega-drive:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "sega-mega-drive:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "65536" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "65536" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-service-manual" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "sega-mega-drive", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Stated by Sega as 256 Kbit. Battery-backed and small, and the only memory on this machine whose contents survive a power cut.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Backup RAM of the PAL console, model MK-80200-50.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-saturn-manual:memories" ], "id": "sega-saturn-backup-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "32768" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-saturn-backup-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Stated by Sega as 4 Mbit. It buffers the disc drive rather than serving a processor, and it is writable memory the console has.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "CD buffer RAM of the PAL console, model MK-80200-50.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-saturn-manual:memories" ], "id": "sega-saturn-cd-buffer-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "524288" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "512" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-saturn-cd-buffer-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Stated by Sega as 4 Mbit. Boot firmware, so it is named as an exclusion from the console's memory total rather than added to it.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "IPL ROM of the PAL console, model MK-80200-50.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-saturn-manual:memories" ], "id": "sega-saturn-ipl-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "524288" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "512" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-saturn-ipl-rom", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The work memory alone, which Sega states as 16 Mbit. It is one of six memories the same block lists, and the console's total is built from the five that are writable.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Work RAM of the PAL console, model MK-80200-50.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-saturn-manual:memories" ], "id": "sega-saturn-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2097152" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-saturn-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Stated by Sega as 4 Mbit and dedicated to the sound processor.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Sound RAM of the PAL console, model MK-80200-50.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-saturn-manual:memories" ], "id": "sega-saturn-sound-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "524288" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "512" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-saturn-sound-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Stated by Sega as 12 Mbit, in the same block as the work memory. It serves the video display processors and is a term of the machine's memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Video RAM of the PAL console, model MK-80200-50.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-saturn-manual:memories" ], "id": "sega-saturn-video-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1572864" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "1.5" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-saturn-video-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The manual is a service document: it lists what is fitted and what it is rated at, not how fast the buses run.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-saturn-manual:memories" ], "id": "sega-saturn:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Sega's specification block states memory capacities and no transfer rate, bus width or timing.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-saturn", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked service manual gives memory capacities but no transfer rate, bus width, or timing for a comparable bandwidth value." } }, { "caveat": "An instruction rate is not a floating-point rate, and Sega names no benchmark for the one it does give.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-saturn-manual:cpu" ], "id": "sega-saturn:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Sega states 25 MIPS for each SH2 and no floating-point rate at any precision.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-saturn", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Sega's SH2 instruction-rate statement supplies neither a floating-point rate nor a named floating-point benchmark." } }, { "caveat": "Stated as 約15W, or \"approximately 15 W\". Unusually for a console of its era this is the machine's own consumption rather than an adapter rating, because the Saturn takes mains power directly. Later revisions and non-Japanese mains configurations may differ.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "Japanese Sega Saturn, model code HST-3210, on AC100V±10% 50/60 Hz mains.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-saturn:spec-table:power" ], "id": "sega-saturn:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "15" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "15" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "sega-hardware-encyclopedia-saturn" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sega-saturn", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Sega states one frequency for both SH2 processors of the PAL console, model MK-80200-50. It is the PAL rate; the Japanese machine's crystal gives a slightly higher one, and this catalog has no Sega document for that model. Two processors at this rate are not one at twice it, so the pair share a single clock figure.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "Master and slave SH2 of the PAL console, model MK-80200-50.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-saturn-manual:cpu", "sega-saturn-manual:ratings" ], "id": "sega-saturn:retail:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "28400000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "28.4" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "sega-saturn", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Sega's verified material states no video clock. Wikipedia gives 28.63636 MHz for both VDP1 and VDP2, and the catalog carries it as rumored until a technical document states it.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "rumored", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-saturn-manual:cpu" ], "id": "sega-saturn:retail:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 7, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "28636360" }, "provenance": "community", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 7, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "28.63636" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual", "wikipedia-sega-saturn-specifications" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "sega-saturn", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 5 memory-capacity figures obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 512 KiB of IPL ROM (boot firmware, not memory the console can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "sega-saturn:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sega-saturn-manual:memories" ], "id": "sega-saturn:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 7, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "4751360" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 7, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "4751360" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "sega-saturn", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "MIPS R10000, processor chip revision 3.1, as reported in the SPEC result configuration.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int:summary" ], "id": "sgi-octane:1x:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "250000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "250" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "1x-250mhz", "id": "sgi-octane", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The result file writes \"128MB\", which in this period and context means 128 MiB. It describes the tested configuration, not the maximum the Octane supported.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Memory fitted to the machine SGI published the CINT95 result on.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int:summary" ], "id": "sgi-octane:1x:memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "134217728" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "128" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "1x-250mhz", "id": "sgi-octane", "kind": "system" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "spec-cpu", "variant": "cint-base", "version": "95" }, "caveat": "SPEC fair use applies to any quotation of this figure. Base and peak are different comparability groups: base results are run with one flag set across all benchmarks, peak results allow per-benchmark tuning, and the two are never interchangeable. Comparable only with other CINT95 base results, never with CPU2000 or later suites. SPEC publishes no conversion between suite generations.", "comparabilityGroup": "spec-cpu-result|whole-system|spec-published-result|spec-cpu@95:cint-base", "conditions": "IRIX64 6.4, MIPSpro C Compiler 7.2, base flags -Ofast=ip27 -IPA:use_intrinsic with feedback-directed optimization. One 250 MHz R10000, 128 MiB of memory.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int:summary" ], "id": "sgi-octane:1x:specint-base95", "method": "spec-published-result", "metric": "spec-cpu-result", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "13" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "13.0" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "configurationId": "1x-250mhz", "id": "sgi-octane", "kind": "system" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "spec-cpu", "variant": "cint-peak", "version": "95" }, "caveat": "SPEC fair use applies. A peak result is tuned per benchmark and is not comparable with a base result, including the base result for this same machine.", "comparabilityGroup": "spec-cpu-result|whole-system|spec-published-result|spec-cpu@95:cint-peak", "conditions": "As the base result, but with per-benchmark compiler flags. The full peak flag set is in the cited result file.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int:summary" ], "id": "sgi-octane:1x:specint-peak95", "method": "spec-published-result", "metric": "spec-cpu-result", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "13.6" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "13.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "configurationId": "1x-250mhz", "id": "sgi-octane", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Two processors at 250 MHz is not 500 MHz of anything. Clock frequency does not add across processors, which is exactly why the floating-point result obtained on this machine is recorded separately from the single-processor integer one.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "Both processors run at the same rate. The clock is per processor, not a total.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-fp:summary" ], "id": "sgi-octane:2x:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "250000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "250" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-fp" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "2x-250mhz", "id": "sgi-octane", "kind": "system" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Memory fitted to the machine SGI published the CFP95 result on.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-fp:summary" ], "id": "sgi-octane:2x:memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "268435456" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "256" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-fp" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "2x-250mhz", "id": "sgi-octane", "kind": "system" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "spec-cpu", "variant": "cfp-base", "version": "95" }, "caveat": "SPEC fair use applies. A floating-point result is not comparable with an integer one: different benchmarks, different code, different comparability group. This result was also obtained on a two-processor machine with an auto-parallelizing compiler, so it is not a single-processor figure.", "comparabilityGroup": "spec-cpu-result|whole-system|spec-published-result|spec-cpu@95:cfp-base", "conditions": "IRIX64 6.4, MIPSpro Fortran 77 and 90 7.2 with the Auto Parallelizing Option. Two 250 MHz R10000 processors, 256 MiB of memory.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-fp:summary" ], "id": "sgi-octane:2x:specfp-base95", "method": "spec-published-result", "metric": "spec-cpu-result", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "25.5" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "25.5" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-fp" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "configurationId": "2x-250mhz", "id": "sgi-octane", "kind": "system" } }, { "benchmark": { "id": "spec-cpu", "variant": "cfp-peak", "version": "95" }, "caveat": "SPEC fair use applies. Peak and base are separate comparability groups, and this is a two-processor result.", "comparabilityGroup": "spec-cpu-result|whole-system|spec-published-result|spec-cpu@95:cfp-peak", "conditions": "As the base floating-point result, but with per-benchmark compiler flags.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-fp:summary" ], "id": "sgi-octane:2x:specfp-peak95", "method": "spec-published-result", "metric": "spec-cpu-result", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "score", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "26.6" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "score", "value": "26.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-fp" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "configurationId": "2x-250mhz", "id": "sgi-octane", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Unknown because of what this record is sourced from. Silicon Graphics quoted a bandwidth for the Octane’s crossbar in its own literature, and none of that literature is cited here. The machine is in the catalog on the strength of two SPEC submissions, which say what was fitted and how fast it ran the suite.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "sgi-octane:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "The cited documents are published SPEC results, which describe the machine’s configuration and its scores and state no memory bandwidth.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sgi-octane", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The cited documents provide no comparable system memory bandwidth." } }, { "caveat": "The same limitation as the bandwidth, from the same two documents. A workstation of this size has a supply rating printed on it; no source here states it.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "sgi-octane:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "A SPEC result reports the hardware and software configuration of the machine under test, not its power rating. SGI’s own hardware documentation for the Octane is not held by any archive this project may cite: what survives of SGI on the Internet Archive is brochures and price lists, and the Octane brochure of December 1999 states the supply voltage and no wattage at all.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sgi-octane", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked documentation provides no system power rating." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "sustained-fp64-rate|whole-system|benchmark-run", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "sgistuff-octane-linpack:octane-r10000-250mhz" ], "id": "sgi-octane:sustained-fp64-rate", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "sustained-fp64-rate", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "SGIStuff reports a LINPACK result for an Octane with an R10000, but names neither the LINPACK revision nor the floating-point precision. The row cannot establish an FP64 benchmark result.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "sgistuff-octane-linpack" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "sgi-octane", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The cited benchmark result does not state a precision-qualified FP64 run." } }, { "caveat": "Not-applicable rather than unknown: this is a fact about the architecture, not about what Nintendo published.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-snes:specs:memory" ], "id": "snes-5a22:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This console CPU has no integrated floating-point execution unit.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "snes-5a22", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Not-applicable for the same architectural reason as the processor, and recorded separately because these are separate parts.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-snes:specs:memory" ], "id": "snes-ppu:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "This is a tile, sprite or scanline graphics unit, not a floating-point processor; it executes no FP32 operations.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "snes-ppu", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo states this in bits — 1 Mbit — which is how the parts were sold and how this page differs from the same section's Nintendo Entertainment System table.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Work RAM addressable by the processor.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-snes:specs:memory" ], "id": "snes-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "131072" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "128" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "snes-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Stated by Nintendo as 0.5 Mbit, beside the work memory in the same row. It belongs to the picture processors rather than to the processor, and it is a term of the machine's memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "Video RAM addressable by the picture processors.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-snes:specs:memory" ], "id": "snes-video-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "65536" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "64" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "snes-video-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes:cartridge-storage-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Game cartridges are removable media and their ROM capacity varies by title; no cartridge capacity is part of the base console.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for snk-neo-geo-aes: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "neo-geo-hardware:main-cpu-clock" ], "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "12000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "12" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The Neo-Geo Hardware Specification identifies the LSPC and LSPC2 but gives no graphics-clock frequency.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no graphics clock.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked hardware specification names the LSPC and LSPC2 but gives no graphics-clock frequency." } }, { "caveat": "The Neo-Geo Hardware Specification documents VRAM access timing but no transfer rate or bus-width figure from which bandwidth can be stated.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no memory bandwidth or bus width.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked hardware specification documents VRAM access timing without a transfer rate or bus-width figure for a comparable bandwidth value." } }, { "caveat": "The Neo-Geo Hardware Specification describes the console's processors and memory, but no whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The reviewed manual gives no whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked hardware specification provides no whole-system power rating." } }, { "caveat": "The hardware specification states this work-RAM capacity for the console. Removable cartridge ROM is program storage and is not included.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "reported", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 5, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "65536" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 5, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "65536" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Sony first published this clock as \"300 MHz\" a year before launch and as 294.912 MHz afterwards; see the conflict ledger. The figure also covers only the CPU: geometry runs on the two vector units and drawing on a separate chip with a clock of its own.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "Emotion Engine core clock. Identical in every region, the console having no video-standard-derived clock.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-2003:specification-table" ], "id": "sony-playstation-2:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 6, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "294912000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "294.912" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ee-gs-single-chip-2003" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "sony-playstation-2", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Sony states 150 MHz and derives the chip's own bandwidth figures from it, so the two agree; accounts outside Sony's documentation frequently give 147.456 MHz instead. No source cited here states that value, so it is not recorded.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "Graphics Synthesizer clock, as stated in Sony's specification release.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps2-1999:graphics" ], "id": "sony-playstation-2:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "150000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "150" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "sony-playstation-2", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A rating rather than a measurement: no workload is stated, and the console draws less than this at idle and while playing a disc. It applies to one revision of the hardware among many, and the metric forbids ratios for exactly that reason.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "Rating printed in the instruction manual of the SCPH-39001 console, on a 120 V, 60 Hz supply.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scea-ps2-manual:power" ], "id": "sony-playstation-2:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "79" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "79" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scea-ps2-scph-39001-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "sony-playstation-2", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Left out: 48 GB/s inside the Graphics Synthesizer (the drawing chip’s own embedded memory, which the processor cannot read or write). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "The bus between the processor and the memory it works in.", "derivedFrom": "sony-playstation-2:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps2-1999:main-memory" ], "id": "sony-playstation-2:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3200000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "3.2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation-2", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 4 MiB embedded in the Graphics Synthesizer (on the drawing chip’s own die and unreachable from the processor). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Main memory of the retail console.", "derivedFrom": "sony-playstation-2:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps2-1999:main-memory" ], "id": "sony-playstation-2:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "33554432" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "32" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation-2", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Announced rather than confirmed: Sony's launch specification names the processor without a clock. It stands beside clocks recorded from shipped machines, because a nominal clock is the same quantity whenever it was published, but it stays provisional until a source describing shipped hardware states one, and a provisional figure never feeds a multiplier. Reviewed again against the instruction manual printed for the console that shipped (CECHA01, 2006): its specification table names the Cell and the RSX without a frequency for either and both memories without a transfer rate, so no post-launch Sony document corroborates this figure and it stays provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "PowerPC core and all SPEs, per the announcement of May 2005, eighteen months before the console shipped.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps3-2005:cpu" ], "id": "sony-playstation-3:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3200000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "3.2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-specifications-2005" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "launch", "id": "sony-playstation-3", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Announced rather than confirmed, and the graphics processor is the part of the console Sony described least: the launch specification names the RSX and stops. Provisional on that ground, so it is shown beside other nominal clocks but never divided into one. Reviewed again against the instruction manual printed for the console that shipped (CECHA01, 2006): its specification table names the Cell and the RSX without a frequency for either and both memories without a transfer rate, so no post-launch Sony document corroborates this figure and it stays provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "RSX, per the announcement of May 2005.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps3-2005:gpu" ], "id": "sony-playstation-3:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "550000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "550" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-specifications-2005" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "launch", "id": "sony-playstation-3", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A supply rating, not a measurement: no workload is stated and none is implied. It took the manual in the box to find it: neither the specification Sony published before launch nor the launch release itself states a wattage, and the manual is tied to this console rather than to a later, smaller revision by the dimensions and mass it prints beside the figure, which match Sony’s own launch release exactly.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "Rating printed in the instruction manual supplied with the CECHA01 console, the 60 GB model launched in November 2006.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps3-cecha01:power" ], "id": "sony-playstation-3:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "380" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "380" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-cecha01-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation-3", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Left out: 22.4 GB/s of video memory (the RSX’s own pool, reached by the processor only across a separate interface). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records. Reviewed again against the instruction manual printed for the console that shipped (CECHA01, 2006): its specification table names the Cell and the RSX without a frequency for either and both memories without a transfer rate, so no post-launch Sony document corroborates this figure and it stays provisional.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "The bus between the Cell processor and the XDR memory it works in.", "derivedFrom": "sony-playstation-3:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps3-2005:memory" ], "id": "sony-playstation-3:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "25600000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "25.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-specifications-2005" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation-3", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 256 MiB of video memory (the RSX’s own pool, which the processor cannot spend on its own work). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records. A third Sony document states the same two capacities, and it is the first written for a buyer holding the machine rather than for the press: the specification table in the CECHA01 instruction manual.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Main memory of the console as it shipped.", "derivedFrom": "sony-playstation-3:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps3-2006:specification", "scei-ps3-2005:memory", "scei-ps3-cecha01:processors-and-memory" ], "id": "sony-playstation-3:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "268435456" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "256" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-launch-2006", "scei-ps3-specifications-2005", "scei-ps3-cecha01-manual" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation-3", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Sony publishes no frequency for this machine, and this figure is not Sony's: two independent publications state it while describing the PlayStation 4 Pro, three years after the console shipped. It is recorded beside the vendor's silence rather than instead of it, and it sits in the same comparability group as every other nominal clock, because the group is set by method and not by who published the number.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The eight Jaguar cores of the shipped console, as reported by two independent technical publications.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-ps4-pro:spec-table", "computerbase-ps4-pro:clocks" ], "id": "sony-playstation-4:cpu-clock-frequency-independent", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1600000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "1.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-ps4-pro-review", "computerbase-ps4-pro-test" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "launch", "id": "sony-playstation-4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional on the sourcing, not on the number. One publication states 800 MHz outright, twice; the second states only that the Pro's graphics clock was raised by 111 MHz to 911 MHz, which leaves 800 by subtraction rather than by statement. The policy asks for two sources that state the figure, so this waits for a second one, and meanwhile feeds no multiplier.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "The 18 compute units of the shipped console.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "df-ps4-pro:spec-table", "df-ps4-pro:downclock", "computerbase-ps4-pro:clocks" ], "id": "sony-playstation-4:gpu-clock-frequency-independent", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "800000000" }, "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "800" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-ps4-pro-review", "computerbase-ps4-pro-test" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "launch", "id": "sony-playstation-4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Sony’s own word is \"suggested\": the figure is what Sony asked retailers to charge rather than what any buyer paid. The same release gives an identical numeral in Canadian dollars, which is a pricing decision and not a conversion, and is not recorded: the catalog holds one currency, and comparing across two would need a dated exchange rate that is a property of the date rather than of the console.", "comparabilityGroup": "launch-price|whole-system|list-price", "conditions": "Suggested retail price in the United States on the day the console went on sale, 15 November 2013.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scea-ps4-2013:price" ], "id": "sony-playstation-4:launch-price", "method": "list-price", "metric": "launch-price", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "USD", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "399" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "USD", "value": "399" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scea-ps4-launch-2013" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "launch", "id": "sony-playstation-4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A nameplate maximum, not a gameplay draw. The console does not approach it in normal use. It belongs to the CUH-1001A chassis; Sony rated later revisions lower, which is a hardware difference rather than a disagreement about this one.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "Launch chassis CUH-1001A, rated at 120 V AC, 60 Hz.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ps4-cuh-1001a:p11:rated-power" ], "id": "sony-playstation-4:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "250" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "250" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps4-safety-guide-cuh-1001a" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation-4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "One bus for everything: the processor and the graphics units share this memory rather than owning separate pools.", "derivedFrom": "sony-playstation-4:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps4-2013:memory" ], "id": "sony-playstation-4:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "176000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "176" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps4-introduction-2013" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation-4", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Not-applicable rather than unknown. The PlayStation 4 has a nominal clock that Sony declines to state; this machine does not have one. \"Variable frequency\" is a design statement, so a fixed specified frequency is a quantity the hardware lacks, and the figure Sony does give is recorded beside this one under a method of its own.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps5-2020:processor" ], "id": "sony-playstation-5:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Sony specifies the processor as running at a variable frequency with a ceiling. There is no fixed frequency to state, which is a fact about the machine rather than a gap in the sources.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "launch", "id": "sony-playstation-5", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A ceiling, not a rate the machine holds: Sony's words are \"Variable frequency, up to 3.5 GHz\", and how often the processor reaches it depends on what the graphics engine is drawing at the same time. It shares a comparability group with the GeForce cards' boost clocks, which are the same kind of claim, and shares none with the fixed clocks of the four PlayStations before it. Provisional because the only document that states it went up eight months before the console shipped and has been edited since.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|peak-clock", "conditions": "Eight Zen 2 cores at a variable frequency, per Sony's specification table of March 2020.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps5-2020:processor" ], "id": "sony-playstation-5:cpu-peak-clock", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3500000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "3.5" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "launch", "id": "sony-playstation-5", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Not-applicable for the same reason as the processor's, and recorded separately because the two frequencies vary independently: on this machine the graphics engine and the cores share a power budget, so neither ceiling implies the other is being reached.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps5-2020:graphics" ], "id": "sony-playstation-5:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Sony specifies the graphics engine as running at a variable frequency with a ceiling, so it has no fixed nominal clock either.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "launch", "id": "sony-playstation-5", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "\"Variable frequency, up to 2.23 GHz\", printed in the same cell as the teraflops figure it is meant to explain, but with no compute-unit count beside it, so the two cannot be checked against each other. Provisional on the same grounds as every other figure from this table.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|peak-clock", "conditions": "The RDNA 2 graphics engine at a variable frequency, per Sony's specification table of March 2020.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps5-2020:graphics" ], "id": "sony-playstation-5:gpu-peak-clock", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2230000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "2.23" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "launch", "id": "sony-playstation-5", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A nameplate maximum rather than a measured draw. Recorded from the safety guide because the specification table Sony published for this console states no power figure at all. Later PlayStation 5 revisions carry different ratings.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "Launch chassis CFI-1015A, electrical rating 100 V–240 V, 3.55 A–1.5 A.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "ps5-cfi-1015a:p7:rated-power" ], "id": "sony-playstation-5:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "350" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "350" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "sie-ps5-safety-guide-cfi-1015a" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "launch", "id": "sony-playstation-5", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Storage, not memory, and read decimally: 825 is not a power of two, and reading it in the binary convention this catalog applies to memory would silently turn it into a different number. The 5.5 GB/s read bandwidth Sony prints beside it is a storage transfer rate and is not recorded as a memory bandwidth.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "conditions": "The fitted internal solid-state drive of the launch console.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps5-2020:storage" ], "id": "sony-playstation-5:storage-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "825000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB", "value": "825" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "launch", "id": "sony-playstation-5", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-bandwidth figure obtained by theoretical-peak. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|whole-system|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "One bus for everything: the processor cores and the graphics engine share this memory rather than owning separate pools.", "derivedFrom": "sony-playstation-5:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "pre-launch", "extractIds": [ "scei-ps5-2020:memory" ], "id": "sony-playstation-5:whole-system-memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "448000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "448" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation-5", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Describes the integer core only. Geometry and lighting run on the GTE coprocessor and drawing runs on a separate GPU, so this figure covers less of the console's work than a processor clock usually does.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "System clock of the customized R3000A, per table 2-1. Identical in every region.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "psx-hw:table-2-1:cpu" ], "id": "sony-playstation:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 6, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "33868800" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "33.8688" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "psx-hardware-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "sony-playstation", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Unknown, and it is the same finding the processor clock already carries from the other side: this is the machine where one frequency stops describing the hardware. Three chips do the 3D work and the manual times only the first of them.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "psx-hw:table-2-1:cpu" ], "id": "sony-playstation:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The developer reference gives one system clock, in the processor’s specification table, and states no separate frequency for the drawing processor or the geometry engine.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "psx-hardware-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked developer reference gives a CPU system clock but no separate frequency for the drawing processor or geometry engine." } }, { "caveat": "Unknown for both pools. The reference is unusually clear that they are separate — the processor cannot reach video memory directly — so even a stated rate would have been two rates, not one.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "psx-hw:ch3:gpu-vram" ], "id": "sony-playstation:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The developer reference states the capacity of main memory and of video memory and the bus width, and no transfer rate for either.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "psx-hardware-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The reference gives memory capacities and bus width, but no transfer rate for either separate memory pool." } }, { "caveat": "Not-applicable on a citation rather than on an inference. The catalog held nothing here because Sony’s reference never mentioned floating-point hardware, and absent evidence is not evidence of absence; the overview chapter does say what the engine computes in, which is the citation not-applicable needs. The console draws in three dimensions at speed and does it without a floating-point unit, which is why the wobbling geometry of the era looks the way it does.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "psx-hw:ch1:gte-fixed-point" ], "id": "sony-playstation:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Sony’s developer reference states that the geometry transform engine works in fixed-point format. A machine whose 3D arithmetic is fixed point has no floating-point rate to state, in the same way the 6510 has none.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "psx-hardware-reference" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A supply rating for the SCPH-7501 revision, not for the SCPH-1001 that launched in 1995. Sony shrank and simplified the console repeatedly over its life, so a later revision draws less than the first, and this figure is recorded against the machine with the revision named, the same arrangement as the PlayStation 2’s rating, which comes from the SCPH-39001 manual. The developer reference this record otherwise rests on rates no power at all.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "Rating printed in the instruction manual supplied with the SCPH-7501 console of 1997.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "scei-psx-scph-7501:power" ], "id": "sony-playstation:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "17" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "17" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "scei-psx-scph-7501-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Left out: 1 MiB of video memory (owned by the drawing processor and not part of the CPU’s working store). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "conditions": "Main memory, which is the whole of the machine’s general-purpose store.", "derivedFrom": "sony-playstation:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "psx-hw:ch2:main-memory" ], "id": "sony-playstation:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 1, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2097152" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 1, "state": "value", "unit": "MiB", "value": "2" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "psx-hardware-reference" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "sony-playstation", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Nintendo states a range across the format's whole life rather than a capacity, so the question stays open while the bounds are on the record. It is the only vendor statement this catalog has about cartridge size on any machine.", "comparabilityGroup": "storage-capacity|storage|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-snes:specs:memory" ], "id": "super-nintendo:cartridge-storage-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "storage-capacity", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo's specification table gives \"Cart size: 2 Mbit - 48 Mbit\", which is the range the format spanned and not the capacity of a cartridge.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "storage", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "super-nintendo", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "One of three rates this processor runs at. The 65816 takes a memory cycle at about 3.58, 2.68 or 1.79 MHz depending on which region it is addressing, so a single number describes the machine only once a region is named, and Nintendo names none. This is the middle rate, which is what the manufacturer chose to publish.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "conditions": "As stated by Nintendo, without naming the memory region the rate applies to.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-snes:specs:cpu" ], "id": "super-nintendo:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "2680000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "2.68" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "ntsc", "id": "super-nintendo", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Unknown rather than not-applicable: the picture processors are clocked, and the vendor names their width instead of their rate.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-snes:specs:memory" ], "id": "super-nintendo:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo's table has a Graphics Processor row and puts only \"16-bit\" in it — a data width, not a frequency.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "super-nintendo", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "Nintendo names the graphics processor's data width but supplies no graphics-clock frequency." } }, { "caveat": "The vendor page is a consumer specification rather than a hardware manual; capacities and a cartridge range are as far as it goes into memory.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-snes:specs:memory" ], "id": "super-nintendo:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo's table states memory capacities in bits and no transfer rate, bus width or timing.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "super-nintendo", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The reviewed specifications give memory capacities but no transfer rate, bus width, or timing for a comparable bandwidth value." } }, { "caveat": "The console predates the European ecodesign disclosures that give this catalog the Switch's rating, and its specification page states nothing electrical.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-snes:specs:memory" ], "id": "super-nintendo:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "Nintendo's table states dimensions, video and audio outputs and no electrical figure of any kind.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "super-nintendo", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "The reviewed Nintendo page includes no electrical figure for this console." } }, { "caveat": "Adds 2 memory-capacity figures obtained by design-capacity. Left out: removable game-cartridge ROM (removable program storage, not memory the console can write to). A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "super-nintendo:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "nintendo-snes:specs:memory" ], "id": "super-nintendo:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 6, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "196608" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 6, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "196608" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "super-nintendo", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Valve writes \"16 GB\" of a memory part, which is the binary quantity in the way memory has always been sold; it is recorded as such rather than converted to the decimal prefix the letters would otherwise mean.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "conditions": "On-board LPDDR5 as fitted to the LCD model.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:ram" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "17179869184" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GiB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Valve publishes the transfer rate and the channel geometry and no bandwidth, so this is the arithmetic between them rather than a figure anybody stated. It is the bus at its peak, shared between the processor and the graphics units on the same chip, so no single part of the machine ever sees all of it.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "LPDDR5 at its rated transfer rate across the full interface.", "derivedFrom": "valve-steam-deck:memory-bandwidth-from-specification", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:ram" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "88000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GB/s", "value": "88" }, "rounding": "half-up", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Valve states the interface as quad 32 bit channels. The width recorded here is those four channels stated together, which is the same fact in the unit this metric uses rather than an inference about the hardware.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bus-width|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:ram" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:memory-bus-width", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-bus-width", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 3, "unit": "bit", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "128" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 3, "state": "value", "unit": "bit", "value": "128" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A speed grade rather than a measurement, so it is exact as written. The OLED model's page states 6400 MT/s, which is why that page cannot be read onto this machine.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-transfer-rate|memory|nominal-transfer-rate", "conditions": "16 GB of on-board LPDDR5 as fitted to the LCD model.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:ram" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:memory-transfer-rate", "method": "nominal-transfer-rate", "metric": "memory-transfer-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 4, "unit": "T/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "5500000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 4, "state": "value", "unit": "MT/s", "value": "5500" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "One of the few consumer machines whose maker states a floating-point rate and its precision together. It is the GPU's rate; Valve gives the CPU's FP32 capability separately as up to 448 GFlops.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "conditions": "LCD model, 8 RDNA 2 compute units at up to 1.6 GHz.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:gpu-fp32" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "FLOP/s", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1600000000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "TFLOP/s", "value": "1.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "A supply rating stated in watts by Valve, not a measured draw. The APU's own 4 W–15 W operating window is a different quantity for a different part and is not recorded here.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "conditions": "Bundled USB Type-C PD3.0 power supply.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:power-supply" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "W", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "45" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "W", "value": "45" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The published ceiling of a range Valve states as 2.4 GHz–3.5 GHz, not a rate the processor holds. The same line gives the processor's own floating-point capability as up to 448 GFlops, which is a different part from the graphics rate this catalog records.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|peak-clock", "conditions": "Zen 2, 4 cores and 8 threads, at the top of its published range.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:cpu" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:retail:cpu-clock-frequency", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3500000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "3.5" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Valve states this frequency beside the compute-unit count and the floating-point rate derived from both, so it is the ceiling the 1.6 TFLOP/s figure assumes rather than an independent claim.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|peak-clock", "conditions": "LCD model, 8 RDNA 2 compute units.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:gpu-fp32" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:retail:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "peak-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "1600000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "GHz", "value": "1.6" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "retail", "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Adds 1 memory-capacity figure obtained by design-capacity. Nothing in the catalog is left out of it. A total is only as trustworthy as the decision about what belongs in it, so both the terms and the exclusions are named records.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "derivedFrom": "valve-steam-deck:whole-system-memory", "editorialStatus": "approved", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "steam-deck:tech:ram" ], "id": "valve-steam-deck:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 11, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "17179869184" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 11, "state": "value", "unit": "B", "value": "17179869184" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "status": "derived", "subject": { "id": "valve-steam-deck", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "vga-compatible-adapter:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "VGA compatibility is a display standard, not a single graphics processor or clock rate.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "vga-compatible-adapter", "kind": "component" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "independent-analysis", "community-source" ], "summary": "No configuration-specific compatible graphics-clock value is present in the checked material." } }, { "caveat": "This figure remains provisional until the cited source is corroborated for the exact configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|gpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "vga-compatible-adapter:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The represented VGA raster controller class has no programmable floating-point shading hardware.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "vga-compatible-adapter", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Sinclair's technical data names the Z80A's nominal clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|cpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-48k:clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "3500000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "3.5" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "sinclair-zx-spectrum-technical-data" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "configurationId": "pal", "id": "zx-spectrum-48k", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "This is the ULA master clock used for video timing. It is not a modern GPU execution clock.", "comparabilityGroup": "clock-frequency|gpu|nominal-clock", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-48k:gpu-clock-frequency", "method": "nominal-clock", "metric": "clock-frequency", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "Hz", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "14000000" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "MHz", "value": "14" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "gpu", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-48k", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "The service manual describes the ULA's priority over RAM access, but gives no memory transfer-rate figure from which bandwidth can be stated.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-bandwidth|memory|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-48k:memory-bandwidth", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "memory-bandwidth", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The source describes RAM access arbitration but provides no transfer-rate figure.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-48k", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "specialist-reference", "archive", "community-source" ], "summary": "The manual documents contention and timing, but no source checked states a transferable memory-bandwidth quantity for this ULA and DRAM design." } }, { "caveat": "The service manual describes the external supply and on-board regulation, but gives no whole-system power rating.", "comparabilityGroup": "rated-power-consumption|whole-system|rated-power", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-48k:rated-power-consumption", "method": "rated-power", "metric": "rated-power-consumption", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The source supplies no whole-system power rating.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-48k", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-compatible-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "specialist-reference", "archive", "community-source" ], "summary": "The checked documents describe the external supply, not the computer's whole-system rated consumption. Supply capacity is not a power rating." } }, { "comparabilityGroup": "sustained-fp40-rate|whole-system|benchmark-run", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-48k:sustained-fp40-rate", "method": "benchmark-run", "metric": "sustained-fp40-rate", "provenance": "independent", "quantity": { "note": "A Sinclair BASIC result requires a named reproducible benchmark before it can be published.", "state": "unknown" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "measured", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-48k", "kind": "system" }, "unknownAudit": { "outcome": "no-published-candidate", "reviewedOn": "2026-08-25", "routesChecked": [ "vendor-documentation", "specialist-reference", "community-source" ], "summary": "No checked source names a reproducible floating-point benchmark for this configuration. The Z80A's lack of floating-point hardware does not answer a software benchmark question." } }, { "caveat": "This is the fitted writable RAM capacity, not RAM plus ROM.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|whole-system|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-48k:whole-system-memory-capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "49152" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "48" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "whole-system", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-48k", "kind": "system" } }, { "caveat": "Sinclair's service manual specifies the dynamic-RAM configuration.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "extractIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual:ram-capacity" ], "id": "zx-spectrum-ram:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "49152" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "48" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-ram", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "The service manual identifies the lower address region as ROM.", "comparabilityGroup": "memory-capacity|memory|design-capacity", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceLevel": "confirmed", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-rom:capacity", "method": "design-capacity", "metric": "memory-capacity", "normalized": { "significantDigits": 2, "unit": "B", "unitRegistry": "units-v1", "value": "16384" }, "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "significantDigits": 2, "state": "value", "unit": "KiB", "value": "16" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "memory", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-rom", "kind": "component" } }, { "caveat": "Provisional record for zx-spectrum-z80a:peak-fp32-rate: the cited primary manual is registered, but its page-level transcription and independent review are still pending.", "comparabilityGroup": "peak-fp32-rate|cpu|theoretical-peak", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "evidenceStage": "shipped", "id": "zx-spectrum-z80a:peak-fp32-rate", "method": "theoretical-peak", "metric": "peak-fp32-rate", "provenance": "vendor", "quantity": { "note": "The Z80A contains no floating-point hardware.", "state": "not-applicable" }, "rounding": "none", "scope": "cpu", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual" ], "status": "vendor-rated", "subject": { "id": "zx-spectrum-z80a", "kind": "component" } } ], "registries": { "comparability": "comparability-v1", "formulas": "formulas-v1", "imageRights": "image-rights-v1", "methods": "methods-v1", "metrics": "metrics-v1", "units": "units-v1" }, "schemaVersion": "catalog-v1", "sources": [ { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "SST-1 (a.k.a. Voodoo Graphics) High Performance Graphics Engine for 3D Game Acceleration.", "id": "3dfx-sst-1-data-book", "locator": "Title page and SST-1 hardware description", "publishedDate": "1999-12-01", "publisher": "3Dfx Interactive, Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "SST-1 (a.k.a. Voodoo Graphics) High Performance Graphics Engine for 3D Game Acceleration", "url": "https://www.bitsavers.org/components/3dfx/Voodoo1_SST-1_Spec_r1.61_199912.pdf", "usageNote": "Public archive of a 3dfx document. It describes the SST-1 hardware but does not establish a board-specific rate or power figure." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-04", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 14254, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-04T09:40:54Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "79d4032de7a800ac4c3bc0c738fea19f1813958053b9a3836dc1326f2a862954", "url": "https://www.7-cpu.com/cpu/Apple_M1.html" }, "id": "7cpu-apple-m1", "license": "Copyright 7-CPU. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Opening line, and the reported clock rates in the 7-Zip benchmark logs below it", "publishedDate": "2021", "publisher": "7-CPU", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "7-CPU: Apple M1", "url": "https://www.7-cpu.com/cpu/Apple_M1.html", "usageNote": "A measurement site rather than a review: it publishes cache latencies and the frequencies its own runs reported, which is why it states both of the M1's clocks in one line. The second of the two independent sources the sourcing policy requires where the manufacturer publishes none." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Acorn Archimedes 500 series / Acorn R200 series Technical Reference Manual", "fetch": { "byteLength": 37249891, "contentType": "application/zip", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T19:41:59Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "06c683493beb2c4b400f4bc12232e2eb6b7f5430910f55cf100d40bbc5160f2e", "url": "https://8bs.com/othrdnld/manuals/archi/A500TechRef-pdf.zip" }, "id": "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference", "locator": "Acorn Archimedes 500 series / Acorn R200 series Technical Reference Manual archive", "publisher": "Acorn Computers Limited", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "B", "title": "Acorn Archimedes 500 series / Acorn R200 series Technical Reference Manual", "url": "https://8bs.com/othrdnld/manuals/archi/A500TechRef-pdf.zip" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "extract": "Radeon RX 7900 XTX: 2300 MHz game clock and 2500 MHz boost clock; 24 GB GDDR6 frame buffer; 960 GB/s memory bandwidth; 61.42 TFLOPS FP32 peak at the boost clock; 355 W total board power.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 190061, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T14:52:17Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "6eb9d7e1f7e39ee09cc72a314b8ca89623f24e0eb269d0704d89ae64f71881cf", "url": "https://www.amd.com/en/products/graphics/desktops/radeon/7000-series/amd-radeon-rx-7900xtx.html" }, "id": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-product-specifications", "license": "Copyright retained by the publisher. Short extracts are recorded solely to verify the cited specifications.", "locator": "Reference-card specification table and architecture summary", "publisher": "Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX — reference specifications", "url": "https://www.amd.com/en/products/graphics/desktops/radeon/7000-series/amd-radeon-rx-7900xtx.html" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/manual_AMIGA1200H_SM_COMMODORE", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 186457, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T07:11:57Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn790003.ca.archive.org/0/items/manual_AMIGA1200H_SM_COMMODORE/AMIGA1200H_SM_COMMODORE_djvu.txt", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "d8e1a1baf32219bc275c3c200d9fc483a3507a179eb52161869eda547994491c", "url": "https://archive.org/download/manual_AMIGA1200H_SM_COMMODORE/AMIGA1200H_SM_COMMODORE_djvu.txt" }, "id": "amiga-1200-service-manual", "license": "Copyright Commodore Business Machines. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Appendix A \"Technical specifications\", page A-1; A1200/A1200HD functional specification, page 5-3", "publishedDate": "1992", "publisher": "Commodore Business Machines", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Amiga 1200 Service Manual", "url": "https://archive.org/download/manual_AMIGA1200H_SM_COMMODORE/AMIGA1200H_SM_COMMODORE_djvu.txt", "usageNote": "The scanned text layer of this manual is noticeably unreliable: it renders 14.32 as \"14.82\", 32-bit as \"82-bit\" and 256K as \"236K\". Figures taken from it are cross-checked against the crystal frequencies in the Amiga Hardware Reference Manual before being published." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/amiga-hardware-reference-manual-3rd-edition", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 785750, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T06:53:38Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "e7ca0b77f30995d48df9194e10d3a39fd5967601551b35d34dd3982d2ed8cb85", "url": "https://archive.org/download/amiga-hardware-reference-manual-3rd-edition/Amiga_Hardware_Reference_Manual_3rd_edition_djvu.txt" }, "id": "amiga-hardware-reference-manual", "license": "Copyright Commodore-Amiga, Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Chapter 1 Introduction: MC68000 and custom chips, p. 2-3; table 1-1 \"Summary of Amiga memory configurations\", p. 5", "publishedDate": "1991", "publisher": "Commodore-Amiga, Inc.", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Amiga Hardware Reference Manual, 3rd Edition", "url": "https://archive.org/download/amiga-hardware-reference-manual-3rd-edition/Amiga_Hardware_Reference_Manual_3rd_edition_djvu.txt" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Z80A processor running at 4MHz; 64K bytes of RAM (over 42K available to user).", "fetch": { "byteLength": 6522986, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T18:58:10Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn790009.ca.archive.org/0/items/Amstrad_CPC464_Guide_de_lutilisateur_1984_AMSOFT_FR/Amstrad_CPC464_Guide_de_lutilisateur_1984_AMSOFT_FR.pdf", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "1b35932eb2598826e851a87b6e211491e0dfe7a54d8abb17fb0382649672543d", "url": "https://archive.org/download/Amstrad_CPC464_Guide_de_lutilisateur_1984_AMSOFT_FR/Amstrad_CPC464_Guide_de_lutilisateur_1984_AMSOFT_FR.pdf" }, "id": "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions", "locator": "Technical Specification page, LS! CHIPS section", "publishedDate": "1984", "publisher": "AMSOFT", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Amstrad CPC464 Guide de l'utilisateur", "url": "https://archive.org/download/Amstrad_CPC464_Guide_de_lutilisateur_1984_AMSOFT_FR/Amstrad_CPC464_Guide_de_lutilisateur_1984_AMSOFT_FR.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523/http://www.anandtech.com/show/2782/3", "author": "Anand Lal Shimpi", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The iPhone 3GS, I believe, uses the 520.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 74228, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T14:43:29Z", "finalUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131217041134id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/2782/3", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "f58ecb35cbedf420879dc64473c1c5676a07480ac81c07fdd7637648a6826d12", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/2782/3" }, "id": "anandtech-iphone-3gs-gpu-2009", "license": "Copyright AnandTech. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification.", "locator": "Page 3, PowerVR SGX discussion", "publishedDate": "2009-06-10", "publisher": "AnandTech", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "The iPhone 3GS Hardware Exposed & Analyzed", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/2782/3", "usageNote": "AnandTech no longer serves this article to automated clients. This Wayback capture returns the 2009 article bytes without archive navigation." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523/http://www.anandtech.com/show/2782/2", "author": "Anand Lal Shimpi", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Clock Speed | iPhone 3GS (ARM Cortex A8) | 600MHz", "fetch": { "byteLength": 75893, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T14:40:16Z", "finalUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131023120854id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/2782/2", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "39b7f578d57971fa371fdacfe5d19faef656e1466a7fb13d738d74bcb9d95486", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/2782/2" }, "id": "anandtech-iphone-3gs-hardware-2009", "license": "Copyright AnandTech. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification.", "locator": "Page 2, iPhone 3GS processor and memory discussion", "publishedDate": "2009-06-10", "publisher": "AnandTech", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "The iPhone 3GS Hardware Exposed & Analyzed", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/2782/2", "usageNote": "AnandTech no longer serves this article to automated clients. This Wayback capture returns the 2009 article bytes without archive navigation." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523/http://www.anandtech.com/show/3794/the-iphone-4-review/12", "author": "Brian Klug and Anand Lal Shimpi", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "CPU-specific synthetic tests ran about 25 percent faster than on the iPhone 3GS, leading AnandTech to estimate an 800MHz A4 clock.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 82639, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T14:50:45Z", "finalUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131113205343id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/3794/the-iphone-4-review/12", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "f9c1d227523fd58efe4980f73c8602a1beb745a4f22e9f41999d56ed03d08747", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/3794/the-iphone-4-review/12" }, "id": "anandtech-iphone-4-performance-2010", "license": "Copyright AnandTech. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification.", "locator": "Page 12, Performance, synthetic-test clock estimate", "publishedDate": "2010-06-30", "publisher": "AnandTech", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Apple's iPhone 4: Thoroughly Reviewed", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/3794/the-iphone-4-review/12", "usageNote": "AnandTech no longer serves this article to automated clients. This Wayback capture returns the 2010 article bytes without archive navigation." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523/http://www.anandtech.com/show/3794/the-iphone-4-review", "author": "Brian Klug and Anand Lal Shimpi", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The new SoC is built on a 45nm process and features 512MB of memory on the package. Apple hasn't made CPU clock speed public, but I'm guessing around 800MHz.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 84676, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T14:47:05Z", "finalUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131221103147id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/3794/the-iphone-4-review", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "3942d567199d4b066fedf193853c72fcbe5f2bbce92f3c5b7ceee7625f2fb87b", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/3794/the-iphone-4-review" }, "id": "anandtech-iphone-4-review-2010", "license": "Copyright AnandTech. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification.", "locator": "Introduction and physical-comparison table", "publishedDate": "2010-06-30", "publisher": "AnandTech", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Apple's iPhone 4: Thoroughly Reviewed", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/3794/the-iphone-4-review", "usageNote": "AnandTech no longer serves this article to automated clients. This Wayback capture returns the 2010 article bytes without archive navigation." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-03", "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523/http://www.anandtech.com/show/2782", "author": "Anand Lal Shimpi", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 74018, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-03T21:20:29Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "3be169be8f8d84c14657a460d2227b3388deebd4aad1df0a95168a5dd72bb7d9", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/2782" }, "id": "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009", "license": "Copyright AnandTech. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Page 1, section \"The Original\"", "publishedDate": "2009-06-10", "publisher": "AnandTech", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "The iPhone 3GS Hardware Exposed & Analyzed", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131220060523id_/http://www.anandtech.com/show/2782", "usageNote": "AnandTech no longer serves this article to anything but a browser, so the fetched address is a Wayback capture of 20 December 2013 taken in `id_` mode, which returns the bytes as published without the archive's own navigation. The archive is the custodian; the author is the publisher, and the tier is decided by who wrote the piece. Written two years after the phone shipped, about the machine it replaced." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-04", "author": "Andrei Frumusanu", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 78863, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-04T09:41:13Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "a6ce83c510f6b109f78f7ff450fca503b5a117004ecfa73ce5c624b4a9dbba37", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231219211825id_/https://www.anandtech.com/show/16252/mac-mini-apple-m1-tested" }, "id": "anandtech-mac-mini-m1-2020", "license": "Copyright AnandTech. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Page 1, section \"Apple Silicon M1: Firestorm cores at 3.2GHz & ~20-24W TDP?\"", "publishedDate": "2020-11-17", "publisher": "AnandTech", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "The 2020 Mac Mini Unleashed: Putting Apple Silicon M1 To The Test", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231219211825id_/https://www.anandtech.com/show/16252/mac-mini-apple-m1-tested", "usageNote": "AnandTech stopped serving its articles in 2024 and now redirects every one of them to its forums, so the fetched address is a Wayback capture of 19 December 2023 taken in `id_` mode, which returns the bytes as published without the archive's own navigation — the same arrangement as the iPhone article. The archive is the custodian; the tier is decided by who wrote the piece." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20160308075709/http://www.anandtech.com/show/853/6", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "anandtech-xbox-memory-bandwidth-2001", "license": "Copyright AnandTech. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "'Memory Bandwidth Galore' section, paragraph on the 128-bit TwinBank memory architecture", "publishedDate": "2001", "publisher": "AnandTech", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Memory Bandwidth Galore — Hardware Behind the Consoles, Part I: Microsoft's Xbox", "url": "https://www.anandtech.com/show/853/6", "urlStatus": "known-unavailable", "usageNote": "AnandTech closed in 2024 and the original address no longer answers, so the figure is cited from a Wayback capture of 8 March 2016. The article reaches 6.4 GB/s from the memory parts it found in a retail console — 5ns Samsung chips at 200MHz DDR across NVIDIA's 128-bit TwinBank — which is a different route to the number than GameSpot's, and that is what makes the two independent." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "A Motorola MC68000 microprocessor, running at a system clock frequency of 7.8336 megahertz.", "id": "apple-guide-to-macintosh-family-hardware-1990", "license": "Copyright Apple Computer, Inc. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Chapter 1, Introduction to the Macintosh Hardware, page 19", "publishedDate": "1990", "publisher": "Apple Computer, Inc.", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Guide to the Macintosh Family Hardware, second edition", "url": "https://vintageapple.org/inside_o/pdf/Guide_to_Macintosh_Family_Hardware_2nd_Edition_1990.pdf", "usageNote": "Apple technical manual preserved by Vintage Apple." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/applerefjan78", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-ii-reference-manual", "locator": "Getting Started, p. 1; Hardware, Sections 2, 6, and 7", "publishedDate": "1978", "publisher": "Apple Computer, Inc.", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Apple II Reference Manual" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1206695, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:24:18Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "cb7e30117825cbe526387767b74cacc53fcb00bf95358d411a0c7b901ab570a7", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111876" }, "id": "apple-iphone-12-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Chip and Power and Battery sections", "publishedDate": "2020", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Apple iPhone 12 — Technical Specifications", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111876", "usageNote": "Apple states the chip identification and retail technical details, while deliberately not filling undocumented clock, DRAM, bandwidth, FP32 or whole-system power fields." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1220660, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:24:19Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "6befe6b229f6e11c38d0356eda43c0e738bc0be9836a6a01a410a01b462cd16b", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111829" }, "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Chip and Power and Battery sections", "publishedDate": "2023", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Apple iPhone 15 Pro — Technical Specifications", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111829", "usageNote": "Apple states the chip identification and retail technical details, while deliberately not filling undocumented clock, DRAM, bandwidth, FP32 or whole-system power fields." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1212558, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:24:20Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "5afa3071077d9a1a10fd729a0ae05878d6737a5b4b8a633e2c08aae4c7432865", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125090" }, "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Chip and Power and Battery sections", "publishedDate": "2025", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Apple iPhone 17 Pro — Technical Specifications", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125090", "usageNote": "Apple states the chip identification and retail technical details, while deliberately not filling undocumented clock, DRAM, bandwidth, FP32 or whole-system power fields." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "A19 chip; 6-core CPU with 2 performance and 4 efficiency cores; 5-core GPU with Neural Accelerators.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 222557, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T19:02:25Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "e0c8a9bdc340d91a47abb970d3ffcd60fb01620c70fbc12f8f2db000a640cc6f", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125089" }, "id": "apple-iphone-17-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Chip and Power and Battery sections", "publishedDate": "2025", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Apple iPhone 17 — Technical Specifications", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125089", "usageNote": "Apple identifies the A19 and its CPU and GPU core counts, but does not state the operating clocks, installed DRAM capacity, memory bandwidth, standalone FP32 rate, or a whole-phone power rating." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1159199, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:24:21Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "16338849cc05c0680e3dd49cd2eeb3efefbab5d0d11f013bed15912454f22be8", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/112307" }, "id": "apple-iphone-3gs-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Chip and Power and Battery sections", "publishedDate": "2009", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Apple iPhone 3GS — Technical Specifications", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/112307", "usageNote": "Apple states the chip identification and retail technical details, while deliberately not filling undocumented clock, DRAM, bandwidth, FP32 or whole-system power fields." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1160158, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:24:22Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "145f34903a4510b6aceb6426a302e469186d3a82d49d7dc26f1f25e76e35a3c8", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/112562" }, "id": "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Chip and Power and Battery sections", "publishedDate": "2010", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Apple iPhone 4 — Technical Specifications", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/112562", "usageNote": "Apple states the chip identification and retail technical details, while deliberately not filling undocumented clock, DRAM, bandwidth, FP32 or whole-system power fields." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1181473, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:24:23Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "198fb52456a25b4025e467fa1a1353289e17a4856a438c2e220eea3d6fef3c1d", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111973" }, "id": "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Chip and Power and Battery sections", "publishedDate": "2013", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Apple iPhone 5s — Technical Specifications", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111973", "usageNote": "Apple states the chip identification and retail technical details, while deliberately not filling undocumented clock, DRAM, bandwidth, FP32 or whole-system power fields." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1189127, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:24:24Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "8b61d9aeda753e0e7081d74e849686ebb8b79d01d537fa4f96a0fea2b0bb7517", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111952" }, "id": "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Chip and Power and Battery sections", "publishedDate": "2015", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Apple iPhone 6s — Technical Specifications", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111952", "usageNote": "Apple states the chip identification and retail technical details, while deliberately not filling undocumented clock, DRAM, bandwidth, FP32 or whole-system power fields." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-03", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 131112, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-03T21:20:30Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "e47cd65913b28966ee735b1e6335e01910bd3955cf8fe1e28fdd5ee27cebda3e", "url": "https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2007/01/09Apple-Reinvents-the-Phone-with-iPhone/" }, "id": "apple-iphone-announcement-2007", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Section \"Pricing & Availability\", paragraph naming the two models", "publishedDate": "2007-01-09", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Apple Reinvents the Phone with iPhone", "url": "https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2007/01/09Apple-Reinvents-the-Phone-with-iPhone/", "usageNote": "The announcement, made five months before the phone went on sale. It states what the two models would cost and how much they would hold, and no figure at all for the processor, the memory or the graphics — which is the shape of every Apple hardware document in this catalog." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-03", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 121670, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-03T21:20:30Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "c8272e715174a2f4c7ace215f5e33dccf638fb3292842b8d6d86317bd15a515c", "url": "https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2007/06/28iPhone-Premieres-This-Friday-Night-at-Apple-Retail-Stores/" }, "id": "apple-iphone-retail-launch-2007", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Section \"Pricing and Availability\"", "publishedDate": "2007-06-28", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "iPhone Premieres This Friday Night at Apple Retail Stores", "url": "https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2007/06/28iPhone-Premieres-This-Friday-Night-at-Apple-Retail-Stores/", "usageNote": "A retail-availability release dated the day before the phone went on sale, naming the hour and repeating the two capacities. It is cited rather than the January announcement wherever a figure needs to describe hardware buyers could actually take home." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1191562, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:24:26Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "7e3bf756e29384f5fc548934945c73e18de33473bbebaf30820ce2deda926593", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111864" }, "id": "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Chip and Power and Battery sections", "publishedDate": "2017", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Apple iPhone X — Technical Specifications", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111864", "usageNote": "Apple states the chip identification and retail technical details, while deliberately not filling undocumented clock, DRAM, bandwidth, FP32 or whole-system power fields." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 193972, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T17:28:41Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "48a5234c6393af4fa01f7074322bf9a2d44cc6e1b90562d9ee4ed92c0430c1d0", "url": "https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2020/11/apple-unleashes-m1/" }, "id": "apple-m1-announcement-2020", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Opening section, \"First System on a Chip for the Mac\", \"The World's Best CPU Performance per Watt\" and \"World's Fastest Integrated Graphics\"", "publishedDate": "2020-11-10", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Apple unleashes M1", "url": "https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2020/11/apple-unleashes-m1/" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1168358, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T17:28:42Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "07f85a51b0ba5007462a5ddb12c9ab13c43596b493aa15f2ff409c8393218497", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111894" }, "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "\"Chip\", \"Memory\" and \"Electrical and Operating Requirements\" sections", "publishedDate": "2020", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Mac mini (M1, 2020) — Tech Specs", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/111894" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1182818, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:24:27Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "814fa9c5e64bebf117da0c4d4b305951e2b7aecdfdd96f769b890d5c6aba21dd", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121555" }, "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Apple Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Chip, Memory and Electrical and Operating Requirements sections", "publishedDate": "2024", "publisher": "Apple Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Mac mini (2024) — Tech Specs", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121555" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Atari 2600/2600A Domestic VCS Field Service Manual.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 9334627, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:08:03Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "bfa7d9ecbcc189b6a5bf7d6250491ee0f73dd1e394e91f3786c6b23c97e9fb93", "url": "https://www.atarimania.com/2600/files/vcs_domestic_field_service_manual.pdf" }, "id": "atari-2600-field-service-manual", "locator": "Theory of Operation and clock-generator schematic", "publishedDate": "1983-01", "publisher": "Atari, Inc.", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Atari 2600/2600A VCS Domestic Field Service Manual", "url": "https://www.atarimania.com/2600/files/vcs_domestic_field_service_manual.pdf", "usageNote": "A scan of Atari's service manual used to read a numeric hardware figure only after confirming its page-level wording." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Manual for programming the Atari 2600 Video Computer System by Atari.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1867303, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T18:58:13Z", "finalUrl": "https://ia801803.us.archive.org/4/items/StellaProgrammersGuide/2600_guide.pdf", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "1c7c0c91d13f730231875e7ad2478fc388e380380edd10daa69cb3607e559a10", "url": "https://archive.org/download/StellaProgrammersGuide/2600_guide.pdf" }, "id": "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide", "locator": "Internet Archive item description and manual title", "publisher": "Atari", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "B", "title": "Stella Programmer's Guide", "url": "https://archive.org/download/StellaProgrammersGuide/2600_guide.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "TECHNICAL REFERENCE NOTES ... includes: Operating System User's Manual ... and Hardware Manual", "fetch": { "byteLength": 21596247, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T18:58:20Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn760009.eu.archive.org/0/items/atari-400-800-technical-reference-notes-operating-system-user-s-manual-operating/Atari_400-800_Technical_Reference_Notes-Operating_System_User_s_Manual-Operating_System_Source_Listing_and_Hardware_Manual_553_pages.pdf", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "770699f31ccde17083bc62d109065f07df3294fa0b8c1d02e58384e708a62db1", "url": "https://archive.org/download/atari-400-800-technical-reference-notes-operating-system-user-s-manual-operating/Atari_400-800_Technical_Reference_Notes-Operating_System_User_s_Manual-Operating_System_Source_Listing_and_Hardware_Manual_553_pages.pdf" }, "id": "atari-800-technical-reference-notes", "locator": "Hardware Manual sections II and III; Operating System User's Manual, section 1", "publishedDate": "1982", "publisher": "Atari, Inc.", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "B", "title": "Atari 400/800 Technical Reference Notes: Operating System User's Manual, Operating System Source Listing and Hardware Manual", "url": "https://archive.org/download/atari-400-800-technical-reference-notes-operating-system-user-s-manual-operating/Atari_400-800_Technical_Reference_Notes-Operating_System_User_s_Manual-Operating_System_Source_Listing_and_Hardware_Manual_553_pages.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Computer field service manual", "fetch": { "byteLength": 67331843, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T18:59:14Z", "finalUrl": "https://ia601606.us.archive.org/24/items/atari520st1040stservicemanual/Atari%20520ST%201040ST%20Service%20Manual.pdf", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "2bb10c3c2d0080dfc21d7cab0c5cfd3ad0411793ab533ea715b8f500a66c1da3", "url": "https://archive.org/download/atari520st1040stservicemanual/Atari%20520ST%201040ST%20Service%20Manual.pdf" }, "id": "atari-st-field-service-manual", "locator": "Theory of Operation, Main System, Microprocessing Unit and Main Memory", "publisher": "Atari", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "B", "title": "Atari 520 ST 1040 ST Service Manual", "url": "https://archive.org/download/atari520st1040stservicemanual/Atari%20520ST%201040ST%20Service%20Manual.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "extract": "Radeon 9700 Pro reference design: 325 MHz engine clock; 128 MB DDR memory; 19.8 GB/s memory bandwidth. The source states neither a general FP32 FLOPS peak nor a board-power rating.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 32734, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T14:52:37Z", "finalUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20030715195140/http://www.ati.com/products/radeon9700/radeon9700pro/index.html", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "a554d4b633477bf2624dc37129b8170f7a5134207330ad855c5f0140417e57d2", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20030101000000/http://www.ati.com/products/radeon9700/radeon9700pro/index.html" }, "id": "ati-radeon-9700-pro-product-brief", "license": "Copyright retained by the publisher. Short extracts are recorded solely to verify the cited specifications.", "locator": "Reference-card specification table and architecture summary", "publisher": "ATI Technologies Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "ATI Radeon 9700 Pro — reference specifications", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20030101000000/http://www.ati.com/products/radeon9700/radeon9700pro/index.html" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "bbc-micro-information-sheet", "locator": "Information Sheet 03, Processor and Memory", "publishedDate": "1983-05", "publisher": "Acorn Computers Limited", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "The BBC Microcomputer System", "url": "https://chrisacorns.computinghistory.org.uk/docs/Acorn/Brochures/Acorn_AMP01_BBCMicro.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-24", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/bbc-micro-service-manual", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 318902, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T14:27:26Z", "finalUrl": "https://ia601604.us.archive.org/17/items/bbc-micro-service-manual/BBC-Micro-Service-Manual%20Sections-1-2-3_djvu.txt", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "62240491cd26cbfb423d959e04cae22b3b2fba0150e4a835e9634f77dc226eb6", "url": "https://archive.org/download/bbc-micro-service-manual/BBC-Micro-Service-Manual%20Sections-1-2-3_djvu.txt" }, "id": "bbc-micro-service-manual", "license": "Copyright Acorn Computers Limited. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Sections 1.2.2, 3.1, 3.3 \"CRT controller + video processor + Teletext hardware\" (printed p. 12), and 3.14", "publishedDate": "1985-10", "publisher": "Acorn Computers Limited", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "BBC Microcomputer Service Manual", "url": "https://archive.org/download/bbc-micro-service-manual/BBC-Micro-Service-Manual%20Sections-1-2-3_djvu.txt" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/BBCUG", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "bbc-micro-user-guide", "locator": "Title leaf and programming chapters", "publishedDate": "1984-10", "publisher": "British Broadcasting Corporation / Acorn Computers Limited", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "BBC Microcomputer System User Guide" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 18295, "contentType": "text/html;charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T18:08:02Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "7297e540da30639af0693bd86fb4718adf636e179b978645765db457a9a62e04", "url": "https://www.beyond3d.com/content/articles/4/3" }, "id": "beyond3d-xenos-2005", "license": "Copyright Beyond3D. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "Body text, memory subsystem discussion", "publishedDate": "2005", "publisher": "Beyond3D", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "ATI Xenos: Xbox 360 Graphics Demystified", "url": "https://www.beyond3d.com/content/articles/4/3", "usageNote": "The independent half of the Xbox 360 bandwidth figure. It states the same 22.4 GB/s as Microsoft's Hot Chips slide and gives the interface width and clock it follows from, so the two agree on the number and on how it arises." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-24", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 2685811, "contentType": "text/plain", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T07:50:16Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "9baac9eb2fd78f4510a7edeb2c2d23abfbe0c4d4482febe54f415852e19dddf7", "url": "https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/cu/cu.data.1.AllItems" }, "id": "bls-cpi-u-july-2026", "license": "U.S. government work. The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes the data for public use.", "locator": "Series CUUR0000SA0, monthly observations M06 2007, M11 2013 and M07 2026; all items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, not seasonally adjusted, 1982-84=100.", "publishedDate": "2026-08-12", "publisher": "U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics", "sourceType": "government-document", "tier": "A", "title": "Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers, U.S. city average, all items, July 2026 snapshot", "url": "https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/cu/cu.data.1.AllItems", "usageNote": "This frozen response supplies the CPI inputs for derived price adjustments. It does not replace any manufacturer's nominal launch price or convert between markets or currencies." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-28", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/c64-programmer-ref", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 814733, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T06:47:27Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "c355460ac39db119a47c5341b205bda6a011f1b778a498fcd24fad47dc0424b7", "url": "https://archive.org/download/c64-programmer-ref/Image092417194545.merged_djvu.txt" }, "id": "c64-programmers-reference-guide", "license": "Copyright Commodore Business Machines. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Appendix L \"6510 microprocessor chip specifications\" p. 402; memory management p. 260; RS-232 system frequency p. 351", "publishedDate": "1982", "publisher": "Commodore Business Machines", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Commodore 64 Programmer's Reference Guide", "url": "https://archive.org/download/c64-programmer-ref/Image092417194545.merged_djvu.txt" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Motorola 68040 series microprocessor running at 25 MHz, on a removable processor module; AA custom chipset; up to 2 MB 32-bit Chip memory; up to 16 MB 32-bit Fast memory.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 3982698, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T19:02:26Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "c485274f8272b4c3f1543ec1b8980344f0d8bac28ec3cec6f36df76fa33e54fe", "url": "https://www.retromaniek.pl/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Commodore-Amiga-4000-User-Guide.pdf" }, "id": "commodore-amiga-4000-user-guide", "license": "Copyright Commodore Business Machines. Quoted under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Introduction, pages xi–xii; Chapter 3, pages 3-1–3-2; Appendix A", "publishedDate": "1992", "publisher": "Commodore Business Machines", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Commodore Amiga 4000 User Guide", "url": "https://www.retromaniek.pl/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Commodore-Amiga-4000-User-Guide.pdf", "usageNote": "The manual documents the shipped 68040 processor module and the motherboard's memory options. It does not establish one fixed RAM configuration, a chipset clock, a transfer rate, a floating-point throughput, or a whole-system power rating." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "120 MHz GPU-Takt mit einer Füllrate von 480 MT/s.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 72788, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:04:40Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "f2930f80199b6db2b62e977775f596ec3bbdd6b2d27921793926e1b2ff1d3773", "url": "https://www.computerbase.de/artikel/grafikkarten/die-erste-nvidia-geforce-retro.73458/" }, "id": "computerbase-geforce-256", "locator": "Specifications table, \"120 MHz GPU-Takt\" row", "publishedDate": "2020-10-11", "publisher": "ComputerBase", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Die erste Nvidia GeForce: Retro", "url": "https://www.computerbase.de/artikel/grafikkarten/die-erste-nvidia-geforce-retro.73458/", "usageNote": "Independent retrospective technical review. It agrees with the contemporary AnandTech review on the 120 MHz core clock." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-31", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 79614, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-31T12:09:29Z", "finalUrl": "https://www.computerbase.de/artikel/gaming/playstation-4-pro-test.57321/", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "d1a5905aa9c4b7caff71f227c36bf405d20786a8d2abb23de30b42e95632b026", "url": "https://www.computerbase.de/2016-11/playstation-4-pro-test/" }, "id": "computerbase-ps4-pro-test", "license": "Copyright ComputerBase GmbH. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Section \"Quasi eine verdoppelte GPU mit AMDs Polaris-Technik\", paragraphs on the processor and graphics clocks", "publishedDate": "2016-11", "publisher": "ComputerBase", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "PlayStation 4 Pro im Test: Wer neu kauft, kauft Pro", "url": "https://www.computerbase.de/2016-11/playstation-4-pro-test/", "usageNote": "The second of the two independent sources the sourcing policy requires where no vendor document states the figure." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-15", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 130076, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-15T09:47:50Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "9fc1532550864005491c88db9bb500dc58816daab6c3c90aa8de449fec24351b", "url": "https://www.computerbase.de/artikel/gaming/nintendo-switch-test.58668/" }, "id": "computerbase-switch-test", "license": "Copyright ComputerBase. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "\"Die Technik der Switch\" section, and \"Mehr GPU-Takt im TV-Modus\"", "publishedDate": "2017-03", "publisher": "ComputerBase", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Nintendo Switch im Test: Die beste Nintendo-Konsole seit dem SNES", "url": "https://www.computerbase.de/artikel/gaming/nintendo-switch-test.58668/", "usageNote": "The second source for the memory capacity, which it states outright. Deliberately not a source for the clocks: reviewing the shipped console, it records that the frequencies were never officially disclosed and that only unconfirmed developer figures had leaked. That refusal is the reason the catalog's clock figures stay provisional on one source instead of being approved on two." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-15", "author": "Frank Hüber", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 66008, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-15T18:09:57Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "257f31b32f5efe614d18e7297c6fa80233039b122462980522f07e3110e05508", "url": "https://www.computerbase.de/artikel/gaming/microsoft-xbox-one-test.2311/" }, "id": "computerbase-xbox-one-test", "license": "Copyright ComputerBase. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "\"Technische Daten\" section: the clock-rate paragraph, the memory paragraph and the console comparison table", "publishedDate": "2013-11-21", "publisher": "ComputerBase", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Microsoft Xbox One im Test: Das leisten Hardware und Betriebssystem", "url": "https://www.computerbase.de/artikel/gaming/microsoft-xbox-one-test.2311/", "usageNote": "A review of retail hardware published the day before the German launch, and the second source for this console's frequencies and memory capacity — it states both clocks in prose and repeats the processor one in a table comparing three consoles. It is deliberately not the source for a power rating: the review meters the console's draw, which is a different quantity from the rating this catalog records as unknown." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Splash (24 MB of 1T-SRAM) and a new memory chip, MEM2, which includes 64 MB of GDDR3 SDRAM.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 164605, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:11:17Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "fd4a585a5d4f2bb3f1279832024edb4ddf501ae2d9671862efd9dd6540262875", "url": "https://www.copetti.org/writings/consoles/wii/" }, "id": "copetti-wii-architecture", "locator": "Main-memory discussion, MEM1 and MEM2 paragraphs", "publishedDate": "2020-06-12", "publisher": "Rodrigo Copetti", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Wii Architecture: A Practical Analysis", "url": "https://www.copetti.org/writings/consoles/wii/", "usageNote": "Independent technical analysis. It agrees with the 25C3 presentation on the two physical main-memory capacities." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "LPDDR5-6400 | 51.2 GB/s", "id": "cpu-monkey-apple-a17-pro", "license": "Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Memory and PCIe table", "publisher": "cpu-monkey", "sourceType": "aggregator", "tier": "C", "title": "Apple A17 Pro benchmarks and specifications", "url": "https://www.cpu-monkey.com/en/cpu-apple_a17_pro" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-31", "author": "Richard Leadbetter", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 123126, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-31T12:09:29Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "70c09710f690530b7a6cd41fa2d8faba7e4337b6d8a4d1a0074763236e6ea522", "url": "https://www.digitalfoundry.net/articles/digitalfoundry-2016-playstation-4-pro-review" }, "id": "digitalfoundry-ps4-pro-review", "license": "Copyright Eurogamer/Digital Foundry. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Specification table comparing \"Base PS4\", \"PS4 Pro\" and \"Boost\", CPU and GPU rows", "publishedDate": "2016-11", "publisher": "Digital Foundry (Eurogamer)", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "PlayStation 4 Pro review", "url": "https://www.digitalfoundry.net/articles/digitalfoundry-2016-playstation-4-pro-review", "usageNote": "Used only for figures Sony itself does not publish. Where Sony states a number, the vendor document is cited instead." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-15", "author": "Richard Leadbetter", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 105361, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-15T09:47:50Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "1b064c1dfba66f2c3eab61ac2755daadd0b2d08d4b155a70297cd46b7bc72a49", "url": "https://www.digitalfoundry.net/articles/digitalfoundry-2016-nintendo-switch-spec-analysis" }, "id": "digitalfoundry-switch-clocks-2016", "license": "Copyright Digital Foundry. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Body text on the retail clock configuration, and the reproduced early developer specification table", "publishedDate": "2016-12-19", "publisher": "Digital Foundry", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Nintendo Switch CPU and GPU clock speeds revealed", "url": "https://www.digitalfoundry.net/articles/digitalfoundry-2016-nintendo-switch-spec-analysis", "usageNote": "Published three months before the console shipped and never contradicted by Nintendo, who has still published no frequency for this machine. The article distinguishes two things the catalog must keep apart: the clocks the writer states as confirmed for retail hardware, and a leaked developer specification table it reproduces and criticizes. Only the first is used for the clocks; the table is cited for the memory capacity, which the article treats as uncontested." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-15", "author": "Richard Leadbetter", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 97291, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-15T18:03:20Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "96a6453ab2e285ba0a85a1e3462a0d19d63bca88d743a2c4c5517e0943dafd0c", "url": "https://www.digitalfoundry.net/articles/digitalfoundry-wii-hacker-reveals-wii-u-cpu-secrets" }, "id": "digitalfoundry-wii-u-clocks-2012", "license": "Copyright Digital Foundry. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Body text, the quoted post giving the processor and graphics frequencies", "publishedDate": "2012-11-30", "publisher": "Digital Foundry", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Wii U has 1.24GHz CPU, 550MHz graphics core - report", "url": "https://www.digitalfoundry.net/articles/digitalfoundry-wii-hacker-reveals-wii-u-cpu-secrets", "usageNote": "The provenance is unusual and the article says so in its own headline: the frequencies come from a hacker reading them out of the shipped console, and the publication reports them under the word \"report\" while explaining who he is and why the figures carry weight. That is a chain this catalog can describe but not upgrade — one publication stating a figure it did not itself measure — so the frequencies stay provisional. Nintendo has never published a frequency for this console to compare them against." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-15", "author": "Richard Leadbetter", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 162458, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-15T18:03:20Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "4ce31f07a60a285418120385cec910bd27e7110182d8b85efe0781ef2d825df8", "url": "https://www.digitalfoundry.net/articles/df-hardware-nintendo-wii-u-review" }, "id": "digitalfoundry-wii-u-review", "license": "Copyright Digital Foundry. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "Main unit specification table, 'RAM' row", "publishedDate": "2012-11", "publisher": "Digital Foundry", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Nintendo Wii U review", "url": "https://www.digitalfoundry.net/articles/df-hardware-nintendo-wii-u-review", "usageNote": "A review of retail hardware whose specification table states the memory capacity together with the part it is made of. The same publication's teardown piece calls the module size a best guess; this table does not hedge, and it is the table that is cited. Nintendo's own specification page has no memory row at all, which is why a review is carrying this figure." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-15", "author": "Richard Leadbetter", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 100614, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-15T18:09:58Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "38ea41bcb224147c1979b816206c6753639ff61859f275cb78a86c503d37b815", "url": "https://www.digitalfoundry.net/articles/digitalfoundry-xbox-one-cpu-speed-increased-in-production-hardware" }, "id": "digitalfoundry-xbox-one-clocks-2013", "license": "Copyright Digital Foundry. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Opening paragraphs, and the quoted remarks from Microsoft on the graphics frequency", "publishedDate": "2013-09-04", "publisher": "Digital Foundry", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Xbox One CPU speed increased by 9.375 per cent", "url": "https://www.digitalfoundry.net/articles/digitalfoundry-xbox-one-cpu-speed-increased-in-production-hardware", "usageNote": "Both of this console's frequencies passed into public record through statements Microsoft made at conferences rather than through any specification page, and this article carries both: the processor figure attributed to a Microsoft vice president speaking at an investor conference, the graphics figure as a direct quotation. The numbers are therefore Microsoft's, and the tier is the publication's — which is the ordinary case for a console whose maker published no specification document at all." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/DreamcastHardwareSpecificationOutline", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 65296, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T07:57:07Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn790009.ca.archive.org/0/items/DreamcastHardwareSpecificationOutline/Dreamcast_Hardware_Specification_Outline_djvu.txt", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "fea7b944c4c08ea496fc956122243b98763785451e41131d6b3d4ac8067eaf8e", "url": "https://archive.org/download/DreamcastHardwareSpecificationOutline/Dreamcast_Hardware_Specification_Outline_djvu.txt" }, "id": "dreamcast-hardware-spec", "license": "Copyright SEGA Enterprises Ltd. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Section 1.2 \"System specification\" p. 3; section 2.1 \"Features of SH4\", table 2-1, p. 7; section 2.3 \"Main memory\" p. 8", "publishedDate": "1999-09", "publisher": "SEGA Enterprises, Development Department", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Dreamcast Hardware Specification Outline", "url": "https://archive.org/download/DreamcastHardwareSpecificationOutline/Dreamcast_Hardware_Specification_Outline_djvu.txt" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Core clock 575 MHz; Shader clock 1350 MHz; Memory amount 768 MB; Memory interface 384-bit; Memory clock speed 900 MHz; 86.4 GB/s", "id": "fau-geforce-8800-gtx-cuda-comparison", "license": "Copyright retained by the publisher. Short extracts are recorded solely to verify the cited specifications.", "locator": "\"Evaluation: graphics cards\" specification slide", "publishedDate": "2008", "publisher": "Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Comparison of High-Speed Ray Casting on GPU using CUDA", "url": "https://www5.cs.fau.de/Forschung/Publikationen/2008/Weinlich08-COH-talk.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "FP32 Peak TFLOPS | 4.3", "id": "flopper-apple-m4-gpu-spec-sheet", "license": "Copyright Flopper. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Arithmetic performance, FP32 Peak TFLOPS", "publisher": "Flopper", "sourceType": "aggregator", "tier": "C", "title": "Apple M4 GPU specification sheet", "url": "https://flopper.io/gpu/apple-m4/spec-sheet.pdf", "usageNote": "A third-party specification sheet; Apple does not publish this standalone rate." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "AGB Programming Manual / Version 1.1", "fetch": { "byteLength": 772603, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T18:59:16Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn760009.eu.archive.org/0/items/NintendoGbaManualV1.1/Nintendo%20Gba%20Manual%20V1.1.pdf", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "68e6437b261fae93a8fe6d9a074ffbfa70528226e383f8370f229961a5730734", "url": "https://archive.org/download/NintendoGbaManualV1.1/Nintendo%20Gba%20Manual%20V1.1.pdf" }, "id": "game-boy-advance-technical-manual", "locator": "PDF p. 3, Introduction", "publishedDate": "2001-04-02", "publisher": "Nintendo of America Inc.", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "B", "title": "AGB Programming Manual, Version 1.1", "url": "https://archive.org/download/NintendoGbaManualV1.1/Nintendo%20Gba%20Manual%20V1.1.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Game Boy Programming Manual ... Version 1.1", "fetch": { "byteLength": 3405224, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T18:59:24Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn790000.ca.archive.org/0/items/GameBoyProgManVer1.1/GameBoyProgManVer1.1.pdf", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "5263e6c1f5fa51fc6813d2ed71c738c887ec78554eef633ad72c6285f7ff9197", "url": "https://archive.org/download/GameBoyProgManVer1.1/GameBoyProgManVer1.1.pdf" }, "id": "game-boy-cpu-manual", "locator": "Printed p. 16, table 1.5, Feature Comparison", "publishedDate": "1999-12-03", "publisher": "Nintendo of America Inc.", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "B", "title": "Game Boy Programming Manual, Version 1.1", "url": "https://archive.org/download/GameBoyProgManVer1.1/GameBoyProgManVer1.1.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "author": "Sam Parker", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "gamespot-inside-the-xbox-gpu", "license": "Copyright GameSpot. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "Body text, paragraph on the NV2A's bandwidth to the shared 64MB of memory", "publisher": "GameSpot", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Inside the Xbox GPU", "url": "https://www.gamespot.com/articles/inside-the-xbox-gpu/1100-2764159/", "usageNote": "The page byline reads 17 May 2006, but the article is plainly pre-launch reporting from 2001 — it describes the chip design as recently finalized and writes about the console in the future tense. The date is recorded as the page states it and the discrepancy is left visible rather than corrected on GameSpot's behalf." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 67062, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:31:25Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "6e2e2b96fe1e13ce34e8543ff89fab46e8460bcde7e5ca5c1cbc0f28597d899a", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260726060733id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/ios-benchmarks/" }, "id": "geekbench-apple-iphone-12-chart-2026-07-26", "license": "Copyright Primate Labs Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited figure.", "locator": "Single-Core and Multi-Core tables, row \"iPhone 12 — Apple A14 Bionic\"", "publisher": "Primate Labs Inc.", "sourceType": "official-benchmark-result", "tier": "A", "title": "Geekbench 6 iOS Benchmark Chart — 26 July 2026 capture", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260726060733id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/ios-benchmarks/", "usageNote": "A Wayback capture of Primate Labs' rolling chart. The measurements record the capture date and are not current averages." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 67062, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:31:26Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "6e2e2b96fe1e13ce34e8543ff89fab46e8460bcde7e5ca5c1cbc0f28597d899a", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260726060733id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/ios-benchmarks/" }, "id": "geekbench-apple-iphone-15-pro-chart-2026-07-26", "license": "Copyright Primate Labs Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited figure.", "locator": "Single-Core and Multi-Core tables, row \"iPhone 15 Pro — Apple A17 Pro\"", "publisher": "Primate Labs Inc.", "sourceType": "official-benchmark-result", "tier": "A", "title": "Geekbench 6 iOS Benchmark Chart — 26 July 2026 capture", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260726060733id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/ios-benchmarks/", "usageNote": "A Wayback capture of Primate Labs' rolling chart. The measurements record the capture date and are not current averages." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 67062, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:31:26Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "6e2e2b96fe1e13ce34e8543ff89fab46e8460bcde7e5ca5c1cbc0f28597d899a", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260726060733id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/ios-benchmarks/" }, "id": "geekbench-apple-iphone-17-pro-chart-2026-07-26", "license": "Copyright Primate Labs Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited figure.", "locator": "Single-Core and Multi-Core tables, row \"iPhone 17 Pro — Apple A19 Pro\"", "publisher": "Primate Labs Inc.", "sourceType": "official-benchmark-result", "tier": "A", "title": "Geekbench 6 iOS Benchmark Chart — 26 July 2026 capture", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260726060733id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/ios-benchmarks/", "usageNote": "A Wayback capture of Primate Labs' rolling chart. The measurements record the capture date and are not current averages." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Base Frequency | 3.78 GHz", "id": "geekbench-iphone-15-pro-result-111108", "license": "Copyright Primate Labs Inc. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "System Information, CPU Information, Base Frequency", "publishedDate": "2026-08-10", "publisher": "Primate Labs Inc.", "sourceType": "official-benchmark-result", "tier": "A", "title": "iPhone 15 Pro, Geekbench 7 CPU result 111108", "url": "https://browser.geekbench.com/v7/cpu/111108", "usageNote": "This uploaded result identifies iPhone16,1 and the A17 Pro processor." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Base Frequency | 4.26 GHz", "id": "geekbench-iphone-17-pro-result-69588", "license": "Copyright Primate Labs Inc. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "System Information, CPU Information, Base Frequency", "publishedDate": "2026-07-31", "publisher": "Primate Labs Inc.", "sourceType": "official-benchmark-result", "tier": "B", "title": "iPhone 17 Pro, Geekbench 7 CPU result 69588", "url": "https://browser.geekbench.com/v7/cpu/69588", "usageNote": "This is one uploaded result, not a vendor specification or a rolling device average. It identifies the phone as iPhone18,1 and the processor as A19 Pro." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-04", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 275570, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-04T09:41:31Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "ff41a34b998b2692a395338b7430153f30e802bb6ed515a23f94e9356eb2eb72", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250601022137id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/mac-benchmarks" }, "id": "geekbench-mac-benchmark-chart", "license": "Copyright Primate Labs Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Single-Core and Multi-Core tabs, row \"Mac mini (Late 2020) — Apple M1 @ 3.2 GHz (8 cores)\"", "publisher": "Primate Labs Inc.", "sourceType": "official-benchmark-result", "tier": "A", "title": "Geekbench 6 Mac Benchmark Chart", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250601022137id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/mac-benchmarks", "usageNote": "The benchmark's own publisher, which is what makes it a tier A result rather than an aggregator's table. Two things about it are unusual enough to be recorded on every figure taken from it. It is a rolling average — the page says so itself, and says when it was last recomputed — so a figure read from it is a dated snapshot and never a current value. And browser.geekbench.com refuses automated requests outright, so the fetched address is a Wayback capture; here the archive is not a fallback but the mechanism, because a capture is dated by construction and that is exactly what a snapshot of a moving number needs." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-26", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 90857, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:31:27Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "4d196cf1003f35fd1513142c78d1243b6bcf567dc7a1bbf29fc188c9785e33e3", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260725063931id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/mac-benchmarks" }, "id": "geekbench-mac-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25", "license": "Copyright Primate Labs Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Single-Core and Multi-Core tables, rows \"Mac mini (Late 2020)\" and \"Mac mini (2024)\"", "publisher": "Primate Labs Inc.", "sourceType": "official-benchmark-result", "tier": "A", "title": "Geekbench 6 Mac Benchmark Chart — 25 July 2026 capture", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260725063931id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/mac-benchmarks", "usageNote": "A Wayback capture of Primate Labs' rolling chart. The measurements record their curation date and never claim to be current averages." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Base Frequency | 4.41 GHz", "id": "geekbench-mac-mini-m4-result-12154392", "license": "Copyright Primate Labs Inc. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "System Information, CPU Information, Base Frequency", "publisher": "Primate Labs Inc.", "sourceType": "official-benchmark-result", "tier": "A", "title": "Mac mini (2024), Geekbench 6 CPU result 12154392", "url": "https://browser.geekbench.com/v6/cpu/12154392", "usageNote": "The result identifies the 10-core M4 Mac mini configuration." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-18", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 77463, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-18T20:56:42Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "fe7ea272fce11fdde980d6c9dcd9c452ae931717bc2a63b5d5146afe46184bbd", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260718165829id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/metal-benchmarks" }, "id": "geekbench-metal-benchmark-chart-2026-07-18", "license": "Copyright Primate Labs Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Device and Score table, rows \"Apple M1\", \"Apple M4\", \"Apple A14 GPU\", \"Apple A17 Pro GPU\" and \"Apple A19 Pro GPU\"", "publisher": "Primate Labs Inc.", "sourceType": "official-benchmark-result", "tier": "A", "title": "Geekbench 6 Metal Benchmark Chart — 18 July 2026 capture", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260718165829id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/metal-benchmarks", "usageNote": "A Wayback capture of Primate Labs' rolling chart. The measurements record the capture date and are not current averages. This is the last capture taken before Geekbench 7 replaced the chart at this address, so it is the only evidence for the version 6 Metal figures." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-18", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 379361, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-18T20:56:46Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "77e4e217dae529f4986272328e1180d604aee3fc484621edcf46bee63de82af2", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260725063929id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/opencl-benchmarks" }, "id": "geekbench-opencl-benchmark-chart-2026-07-25", "license": "Copyright Primate Labs Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Device and Score table, rows \"NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090\", \"NVIDIA H100 80GB HBM3\", \"NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090\", \"AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX\", \"NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080\", \"Apple M1\" and \"Apple M4\"", "publisher": "Primate Labs Inc.", "sourceType": "official-benchmark-result", "tier": "A", "title": "Geekbench 7 OpenCL Benchmark Chart — 25 July 2026 capture", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260725063929id_/https://browser.geekbench.com/opencl-benchmarks", "usageNote": "A Wayback capture of Primate Labs' rolling chart. The measurements record the capture date and are not current averages." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Le Voodoo Graphics, cadencé à 50 MHz, disposant d'un fillrate et d'une passante mémoire de 50 Mpixels/s et 800 Mo/s.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 29361, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:04:49Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "0306ef24db1f484d27b8de19e9b2723f91051d1bf4b0efd54317e946f90b11db", "url": "https://www.hardware.fr/articles/420-3/3dfx-voodoo-graphics.html" }, "id": "hardware-fr-3dfx-voodoo", "locator": "Voodoo Graphics section, opening specification sentence", "publishedDate": "2001-07-01", "publisher": "Hardware.fr", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "3dfx Voodoo Graphics", "url": "https://www.hardware.fr/articles/420-3/3dfx-voodoo-graphics.html", "usageNote": "Independent technical history. Used with Tom's Hardware France only for the stated 50 MHz graphics clock." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "CPU: 8-bit HuC6280A, a modified 65SC02, running at 1.79 or 7.16 MHz, switchable by software.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 27141852, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:13:15Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "d34818b5c09c3395b76f20d027e5e838275a69a66ceff25007a3873d68095177", "url": "https://cdn.hackaday.io/files/1649347056536256/History%20of%20Video%20Games-Four%20Decades%20of%20Video%20Entertainment.pdf" }, "id": "history-video-games-pc-engine", "locator": "TurboGrafx-16 technical specifications paragraph", "publishedDate": "2013", "publisher": "Greenwood Publishing Group", "sourceType": "book", "tier": "B", "title": "History of Video Games, Four Decades of Video Entertainment", "url": "https://cdn.hackaday.io/files/1649347056536256/History%20of%20Video%20Games-Four%20Decades%20of%20Video%20Entertainment.pdf", "usageNote": "Published hardware history, agreeing with Make Classic Games on the high-speed PC Engine CPU mode." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-04", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 10679, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-04T09:41:31Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "eea913474a5f9e0cc157ad83813a98919fc31ddefaba64434b491ba08d48ee53", "url": "https://www.hitachi.com/New/cnews/E/1997/971110B.html" }, "id": "hitachi-sh7750-announcement-1997", "license": "Copyright Hitachi, Ltd. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Closing specifications table, rows \"Processing speed\" and \"Power consumption\"", "publishedDate": "1997-11-10", "publisher": "Hitachi, Ltd.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Hitachi Releases the SH-4 SH7750 Series, Offering Industry's Highest Performance of 360 MIPS for an Embedded RISC Processor", "url": "https://www.hitachi.com/New/cnews/E/1997/971110B.html" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "author": "Jeff Andrews and Nick Baker, Xbox Semiconductor Technology Group, Microsoft", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 269250, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T18:08:04Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "f1c47d60f439032b207984b6316ab61a7ebc4ed66fa85d3b0ed77d62d609d906", "url": "https://old.hotchips.org/wp-content/uploads/hc_archives/hc17/3_Tue/HC17.S8/HC17.S8T4.pdf" }, "id": "hot-chips-17-xbox-360-architecture", "license": "Copyright Microsoft / Hot Chips. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "Slide 4, 'Hardware Designed for Games'", "publishedDate": "2005-08", "publisher": "Hot Chips 17 (IEEE Technical Committee on Microprocessors and Microcomputers)", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Xbox 360 System Architecture (Hot Chips 17)", "url": "https://old.hotchips.org/wp-content/uploads/hc_archives/hc17/3_Tue/HC17.S8/HC17.S8T4.pdf", "usageNote": "Written by Microsoft's own silicon engineers but published as a conference presentation, so it is held at tier B rather than treated as vendor documentation. Slide 10, 'GPU Specs', quantifies the graphics processor in shader instructions per second, fill rate and triangle rate and states no floating-point rate, which is why the console's FP32 row stays unknown." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "author": "John Sell and Patrick O'Connor, Microsoft", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1690565, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T18:08:04Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "3d7577dcc161b77c5c2f52e76518165b04444104c84ee1496d418cdcd937a158", "url": "https://old.hotchips.org/wp-content/uploads/hc_archives/hc25/HC25.10-SoC1-epub/HC25.26.121-fixed-%20XB1%2020130826gnn.pdf" }, "id": "hot-chips-25-xbox-one-soc", "license": "Copyright Microsoft / Hot Chips. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "Slide 4, 'SoC Components', memory block diagram annotations", "publishedDate": "2013-08-26", "publisher": "Hot Chips 25 (IEEE Technical Committee on Microprocessors and Microcomputers)", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "The Xbox One System on a Chip and Kinect Sensor (Hot Chips 25)", "url": "https://old.hotchips.org/wp-content/uploads/hc_archives/hc25/HC25.10-SoC1-epub/HC25.26.121-fixed-%20XB1%2020130826gnn.pdf", "usageNote": "The slides are rasterized images, so the figures were read from rendered pages rather than extracted as text. Presented in August 2013 about the console that shipped that November, which is why it is preferred over Microsoft's later Xbox One S specification page: the One S page states 68.26 GB/s for a different machine. Slide 6 gives the graphics processor as '1.31 TFLOPs' with no precision named, which is why the FP32 row stays unknown." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-24", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 9711291, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T14:27:32Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "09caa5b2d8741959ea35c022ee797ec5b97c386b7bb15fb2c03dc33c7728caed", "url": "https://www.minuszerodegrees.net/manuals/IBM_5150_Technical_Reference_6025005_AUG81.pdf" }, "id": "ibm-pc-technical-reference", "license": "Copyright International Business Machines Corporation. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "First Edition, August 1981; Section 1, Hardware Overview, printed p. 1-1; Section 2, System Board, printed p. 2-3; I/O Channel, printed p. 2-8; Power Supply, printed pp. 2-33 to 2-35", "publishedDate": "1981", "publisher": "International Business Machines Corporation", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Personal Computer Hardware Reference Library - Technical Reference", "url": "https://www.minuszerodegrees.net/manuals/IBM_5150_Technical_Reference_6025005_AUG81.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Apple A14 Bionic is layered under Micron 4 GB LPDDR4 SDRAM.", "id": "ifixit-iphone-12-teardown", "license": "Copyright iFixit. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Step 9, logic-board chip identification", "publishedDate": "2020-10-20", "publisher": "iFixit", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "iPhone 12 and 12 Pro Teardown", "url": "https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/iPhone%2B12%2Band%2B12%2BPro%2BTeardown/137669" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "author": "Shahram Mokhtari and contributors", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Apple APL1V12/339S01837 A19 Pro hexa-core applications processor w/ GPU & Neural Engine layered under a Samsung K3KLMLM0FM-HGGV 12 GB LPDDR5X SDRAM", "id": "ifixit-iphone-17-pro-chip-id", "license": "Copyright iFixit. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Step 2, Processor Board, Inner Side", "publishedDate": "2025-11-05", "publisher": "iFixit", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "iPhone 17 Pro Chip ID", "url": "https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/iPhone+17+Pro+Chip+ID/196117" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "author": "Miro Djuric", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "iFixit reports that the A7 has 1 GB of RAM and two cores, based on its teardown of the shipping phone.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 143283, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T14:56:17Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "67365541b0c96ba4a2b5d87e635a277d0664ded6a8595df25e246d1892d7b1fd", "url": "https://www.ifixit.com/News/5317/iphone-5s-teardown-completed" }, "id": "ifixit-iphone-5s-teardown-2013", "license": "Copyright iFixit. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification.", "locator": "Teardown highlights, A7 SoC", "publishedDate": "2013-09-20", "publisher": "iFixit", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "iPhone 5s Teardown Completed", "url": "https://www.ifixit.com/News/5317/iphone-5s-teardown-completed", "usageNote": "This teardown reports observations from disassembly of a retail iPhone 5s; it is evidence for installed memory, not an Apple-published specification." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "author": "Kay Kay Clapp", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "iFixit identifies the Apple A9 package with 2 GB of Samsung LPDDR4 RAM in a teardown of the shipping iPhone 6s.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 144965, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T14:59:39Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "88e3df933d0e39f100c09f7b9da7c321024996aa11ad8f36a3715459480d4c7d", "url": "https://www.ifixit.com/News/7390/iphone-6s" }, "id": "ifixit-iphone-6s-teardown-2015", "license": "Copyright iFixit. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification.", "locator": "iPhone 6s chips", "publishedDate": "2015-09-25", "publisher": "iFixit", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Teardown: Is the iPhone 6s Worth Its Weight in Rose Gold?", "url": "https://www.ifixit.com/News/7390/iphone-6s", "usageNote": "This teardown reports components observed in a retail iPhone 6s; it is evidence for installed memory, not an Apple-published specification." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "author": "Kyle Wiens", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "iFixit identifies the A11 Bionic package with 3 GB of SK hynix LPDDR4X RAM in its teardown of a retail iPhone X.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 144695, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T15:01:48Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "029e5441dc6dbd1fa71beca02e22c5c6aca65ad5ce1beb1c9a241b20548b6abe", "url": "https://www.ifixit.com/News/9415/teardown-iphone-x" }, "id": "ifixit-iphone-x-teardown-2017", "license": "Copyright iFixit. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification.", "locator": "iPhone X teardown, logic-board chips", "publishedDate": "2017-11-03", "publisher": "iFixit", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Teardown: Inside the iPhone X", "url": "https://www.ifixit.com/News/9415/teardown-iphone-x", "usageNote": "This teardown reports components observed in a retail iPhone X; it is evidence for installed memory, not an Apple-published specification." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-16", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 279998, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-16T17:44:52Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "6d862883d4fae0b5147d92ed289c452dff5a0f9d6f9fbe654dcd62f0ed5dab1b", "url": "https://datasheets.chipdb.org/Intel/x86/386/datashts/24126703.PDF" }, "id": "intel-386dx-datasheet", "license": "Copyright Intel Corporation; cited for verification under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Table 3-2, \"Intel386™ DX D.C. Characteristics\", Icc Supply Current row, 25 MHz grade", "publishedDate": "1994-01", "publisher": "Intel Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Intel386™ DX Microprocessor Data Sheet (Order Number 241267)", "url": "https://datasheets.chipdb.org/Intel/x86/386/datashts/24126703.PDF", "usageNote": "Cited for what it specifies instead of a thermal rating: a maximum and a typical supply current for each speed grade. The document's own date line reads January 1994 over a 1995 copyright, so it is a reprint of the specification rather than the original release. Retrieved from chipdb's Intel datasheet mirror, custodian rather than author." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-16", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 16476523, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-16T17:44:54Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "b7a4990e44d74184a763999c56e99059c9b3adecf91a5ca0ecafb038c66867c6", "url": "https://www.bitsavers.org/components/intel/80486/486DX_Data_Sheet_Oct92.pdf" }, "id": "intel-486dx-datasheet", "license": "Copyright Intel Corporation; cited for verification under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Section 13.3 \"D.C. Specifications\", Table 13.2 \"Intel486™ DX Microprocessor DC Parametric Values (for PGA Package)\", page 192, Icc rows and note 3", "publishedDate": "1992-10", "publisher": "Intel Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Intel486™ DX Microprocessor Data Sheet", "url": "https://www.bitsavers.org/components/intel/80486/486DX_Data_Sheet_Oct92.pdf", "usageNote": "Cited for what this datasheet specifies instead of a thermal rating: supply current in milliamps. Any watt figure for this part is a reader's multiplication of current by voltage, not something Intel printed. The page is a scan whose column alignment did not survive optical recognition — the maximum Icc values sit in a column the text layer drops — so only the typical currents in note 3 can be transcribed from the text, and the maxima would have to be read off the image." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-24", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "intel-80286-80287-programmers-reference-manual", "license": "Copyright Intel Corporation; quoted under short-extract fair use for verification.", "locator": "Appendix B, \"The 80286 Instruction Set\", printed page B-5, \"Clocks\" note", "publishedDate": "1987", "publisher": "Intel Corporation", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "80286 and 80287 Programmer's Reference Manual", "url": "https://archive.org/details/intel-1987-80286-and-80287-programmers-reference-manual", "usageNote": "The Internet Archive scan is a digitized copy of an Intel manual. Its clock example establishes the 80286's relation to the CLK input, but it names a 10 MHz processor and does not establish an installed PC memory configuration." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-16", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 2837740, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-16T19:05:40Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "afb8931d14de0834f1a70c2662e8ae27022b5b1c891edfa3d85704bccbafd595", "url": "https://datasheets.chipdb.org/Intel/x86/286/datashts/210253-016.pdf" }, "id": "intel-80286-datasheet", "license": "Copyright Intel Corporation; cited for verification under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Printed page 2-99 (PDF page 40 of 56): ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS, Power Dissipation line, and the first D.C. CHARACTERISTICS table, Icc Supply Current row. Speed grades are on printed page 2-100.", "publishedDate": "1993-09", "publisher": "Intel Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "80286 Microprocessor with Memory Management and Protection (80286-12, 80286-10, 80286-8) — Datasheet, Order Number 210253-018", "url": "https://datasheets.chipdb.org/Intel/x86/286/datashts/210253-016.pdf", "usageNote": "Three things travel with any quotation from this document. Its only wattage, 3.3 W, is an absolute maximum: the same page says \"These are stress ratings only\" and that operation beyond the Operating Conditions is not recommended, so it is a destruction limit and not a thermal-design figure. Its file name says revision 016 while the document's own footer says Order Number 210253-018, September 1993 — the footer is the identifier to trust. And the copy on this mirror carries a third-party \"DataSheet4U.com\" watermark across its pages: the content, folios and microfiche header are Intel's, but the file has passed through a datasheet aggregator on its way here. It has no text layer at all and a damaged cross-reference table, so every figure from it has to be rendered and read by eye." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-16", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 483857, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-16T17:44:54Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "e76679bf3a43886852c563fdac55d38852b49c6927cf9fa2a407fa91ef876995", "url": "https://cdrdv2-public.intel.com/841556/APP-for-Intel-Core-Processors.pdf" }, "id": "intel-app-metrics-core-processors", "license": "Copyright Intel Corporation; cited for verification under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Page 1, Intel® Core™ 14th Generation table, i9-14900K row (columns: Processor Group | Processor Number | GFLOPS | APP)", "publishedDate": "2026-01-06", "publisher": "Intel Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "APP Metrics for Intel® Microprocessors — Intel® Core™ Processors, Revision 8", "url": "https://cdrdv2-public.intel.com/841556/APP-for-Intel-Core-Processors.pdf", "usageNote": "An export-control matrix, published so that a reader can assess a processor against the US Export Administration Regulations. It states a GFLOPS figure per part and nowhere in its twenty-four pages names a precision: the word appears in no column header, no footnote and no explanatory paragraph. The figures are therefore unusable for any metric that requires a stated precision, and the document says its own numbers are \"strictly a recommendation to the user\" and are provided as is." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-16", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 313029, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-16T17:44:54Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "febd9d8290f9366718340b9c18c2081498b368200e00f40ce229ffb052bc8a81", "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/sku/52214/intel-core-i72600k-processor-8m-cache-up-to-3-80-ghz/specifications.html" }, "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k-specifications", "license": "Copyright Intel Corporation; cited for verification under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "CPU Specifications: Max Turbo Frequency, Processor Base Frequency and TDP rows; Memory Specifications; Processor Graphics", "publisher": "Intel Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Intel® Core™ i7-2600K Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.80 GHz) — Specifications", "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/sku/52214/intel-core-i72600k-processor-8m-cache-up-to-3-80-ghz/specifications.html", "usageNote": "A living product record with no publication date or revision. It specifies the i7-2600K's base and turbo frequency, TDP, supported memory interface and graphics frequency. Its memory maximum is a processor-interface limit, not a fitted capacity for a reference PC." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-16", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 424920, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-16T17:44:54Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "bfb2001ad632a82e2d48cb00a3bd7df7a8cd8e66332828e49b6ce2a9b5c5777e", "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/sku/236773/intel-core-i9-processor-14900k-36m-cache-up-to-6-00-ghz/specifications.html" }, "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k-specifications", "license": "Copyright Intel Corporation; cited for verification under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Memory Specifications: Memory Types, Max # of Memory Channels and Max Memory Bandwidth rows; Processor Graphics: Graphics Base Frequency, Graphics Max Dynamic Frequency and Execution Units rows", "publisher": "Intel Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Intel® Core™ i9 processor 14900K (36M Cache, up to 6.00 GHz) — Specifications", "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/sku/236773/intel-core-i9-processor-14900k-36m-cache-up-to-6-00-ghz/specifications.html", "usageNote": "A living product record with no publication date and no revision, so a figure taken from it is a figure as of the day it was read. Its Max Memory Bandwidth is the rating of the processor's memory interface at the fastest memory type it supports, not a measurement of traffic and not a property of any fitted module; the same page lists a slower DDR4 option that the rating does not describe." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 458345, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-16T17:44:54Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "901c536cec0eeac5847abd34dcfc64331f9428fb34477ed8014d41fd3d394167", "url": "https://cdrdv2-public.intel.com/787258/Intel%20Core%20Desktop%20Processors%2014th%20Gen%20Quick%20Reference%20Guide%20Final%20.pdf" }, "id": "intel-desktop-processor-reference", "license": "Copyright Intel Corporation; cited for verification under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Intel Core desktop processors, 14th generation, page 2 specification table, 14900K row", "publisher": "Intel Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Intel Core desktop processors, 14th generation, quick reference guide", "url": "https://cdrdv2-public.intel.com/787258/Intel%20Core%20Desktop%20Processors%2014th%20Gen%20Quick%20Reference%20Guide%20Final%20.pdf", "usageNote": "This guide applies to the 14th-generation Core desktop family, including the 14900K row. Its processor base frequency, turbo frequency, processor base power and maximum turbo power are different measurements." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "intel-historical-x86-documentation", "license": "Intel historical product material; cited for verification, without a grant of reuse rights.", "locator": "Historical processor-family tables: Intel486 Processors and Earlier, Pentium, Pentium II, Pentium 4, and Core 2 sections", "publisher": "Intel Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Intel Microprocessor Quick Reference Guide - Product Family", "url": "https://www.intel.com/pressroom/kits/quickreffam.htm", "usageNote": "This historical Intel table is a family-level source. Its Addressable Memory field is architectural address space, not installed RAM, and its grouped rows do not establish an individual SKU's clock unless the row names that SKU." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-16", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1882597, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-16T17:44:56Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "ca1ec2763cfb2c47043a70be2d4775ec23ad00dc8dddf923c3a721971bbe84e9", "url": "https://download.intel.com/design/Pentium4/datashts/29864312.pdf" }, "id": "intel-pentium-4-datasheet", "license": "Copyright Intel Corporation; cited for verification under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Table 5-1, \"Processor Thermal Design Power\", page 69, 800 MHz FSB with 512-KB L2 Cache block, 3 GHz row", "publishedDate": "2004", "publisher": "Intel Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Intel® Pentium® 4 Processor on 0.13 Micron Process Datasheet (Document Number 298643-012)", "url": "https://download.intel.com/design/Pentium4/datashts/29864312.pdf", "usageNote": "This is the first document in this catalog's x86 line whose column is actually headed \"Thermal Design Power\", and the table is organized by front side bus and voltage-identification group rather than by frequency alone: the same nominal clock appears at different wattages in different blocks, so a figure from it is meaningless without the bus and cache block it was read from." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-16", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1007276, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-16T17:44:56Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "2f1d1d0a23c3e2d036f1b32c39bbbe7aef1cd6078837c996b655a2c41a748a71", "url": "https://datasheets.chipdb.org/Intel/x86/Pentium/24199710.PDF" }, "id": "intel-pentium-datasheet", "license": "Copyright Intel Corporation; cited for verification under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Table 12, \"Power Dissipation Requirements for Thermal Solution Design\", page 31, Active Power Dissipation rows", "publishedDate": "1997-06", "publisher": "Intel Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Pentium® Processor 75/90/100/120/133/150/166/200 Datasheet (Order Number 241997-010)", "url": "https://datasheets.chipdb.org/Intel/x86/Pentium/24199710.PDF", "usageNote": "This datasheet predates Intel's \"thermal design power\" wording. It states a typical in-system dissipation and a maximum active power dissipation that systems must be designed to remove, and the maximum is defined by note 2 as a worst-case instruction mix rather than a reproducible benchmark. Retrieved from chipdb's Intel datasheet mirror, which is the custodian, not the author: the tier follows Intel, and the copy carries Intel's own order number and June 1997 date." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-16", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 914295, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-16T17:44:56Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "a8f1ee02a082fd3c6147c37534ccaff221bae70e1a194e73311af3e77b40fcda", "url": "https://datasheets.chipdb.org/Intel/x86/Pentium%20II/24333503.PDF" }, "id": "intel-pentium-ii-datasheet", "license": "Copyright Intel Corporation; cited for verification under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Table 20, \"Pentium® II Processor Thermal Design Specification\", page 43, 300 MHz row", "publishedDate": "1998-01", "publisher": "Intel Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Pentium® II Processor at 233 MHz, 266 MHz, 300 MHz, and 333 MHz Datasheet (Order Number 243335-003)", "url": "https://datasheets.chipdb.org/Intel/x86/Pentium%20II/24333503.PDF", "usageNote": "Two things travel with any quotation from this table. It separates Max Processor Power from Max Thermal Plate Power, which are different quantities for the same part, and each row carries a stepping footnote — the 300 MHz row's note 4 restricts the specification to CPU ID 63x. The mirrored copy is a pre-publication revision, stamped \"INTEL CONFIDENTIAL (until publication date)\" on its cover and \"INTEL SECRET\" on its pages; it is Intel's own document under Intel's own order number, but it is the draft rather than the released print. Retrieved from chipdb's Intel datasheet mirror, custodian rather than author." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The CPU clock displayed 2.99GHz and main memory was 4GB.", "id": "itmedia-iphone-12-a14-geekbench", "license": "Copyright ITmedia Inc. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Geekbench 5 result description", "publishedDate": "2020-10-21", "publisher": "ITmedia NEWS", "sourceType": "periodical", "tier": "B", "title": "iPhone 12 A14 Bionic specifications revealed", "url": "https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/article/2010/21/1201021062/" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Macintosh 128K: Technical Specifications", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1148219, "contentType": "text/html;charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T19:42:10Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "7c7dee32ac676afd66db26c61590fcee10c1f04f48deb3cab05b9b72226b09a2", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/112190" }, "id": "macintosh-128k-technical-reference", "locator": "Logic Board, Power, Memory and Software tables", "publisher": "Apple", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Macintosh 128K: Technical Specifications", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/112190" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "author": "Tim Hardwick", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The platform recorded an iPhone 15 Pro with 8GB of RAM.", "id": "macrumors-iphone-15-pro-geekbench-ram", "license": "Copyright MacRumors. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Opening paragraphs, iPhone 16,1 result", "publishedDate": "2023-09-14", "publisher": "MacRumors", "sourceType": "periodical", "tier": "B", "title": "iPhone 15 Pro Geekbench scores confirm A17 Pro performance and 8GB of RAM", "url": "https://www.macrumors.com/2023/09/14/iphone-15-pro-geekbench-scores/" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Hudson Soft HuC6280, 8-bit, based on the 65C02, at 7.16 MHz.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 675186, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:13:11Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "ca0b85a2ab305e27e98d1f05f72c634f25a7efa6c85bb9623578f5547d6a0489", "url": "https://makeclassicgames.dev/pdfs/PCE.pdf" }, "id": "makeclassicgames-pc-engine-specs", "locator": "Technical specifications table, CPU row", "publisher": "Make Classic Games", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "PC-Engine / TurboGrafx-16", "url": "https://makeclassicgames.dev/pdfs/PCE.pdf", "usageNote": "Independent technical overview, agreeing with the hardware-history source on the high-speed HuC6280 mode." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "24MB 1T-SRAM (MEM1) + 64MB GDDR3 DRAM (MEM2).", "fetch": { "byteLength": 24868, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:11:16Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "281271a8bf17330a391040b8e62c252dee7f9260e3da2b50203b868a0b0540e3", "url": "https://marcan.st/uploads/25c3_console_hacking/" }, "id": "marcan-wii-fail-2008", "locator": "Hardware summary slide, memory row", "publishedDate": "2008-12-29", "publisher": "Hector Martin", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Console Hacking 2008: Wii Fail", "url": "https://marcan.st/uploads/25c3_console_hacking/", "usageNote": "Independent technical presentation. Used with the Copetti analysis for the capacities of Wii's two main-memory pools." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "a three-core PowerPC-based CPU", "id": "microsoft-xbox-360-hardware-overview", "locator": "Xbox 360 launch hardware-specification list", "publishedDate": "2016-09-14", "publisher": "Microsoft UK", "sourceType": "periodical", "tier": "A", "title": "Xbox 360 is launched", "url": "https://ukstories.microsoft.com/features/xbox-360-launched/" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "approved", "extract": "The Original Xbox", "id": "microsoft-xbox-hardware-specification", "locator": "Xbox Specs section beneath the Original Xbox display", "publishedDate": "2026-03-10", "publisher": "Microsoft", "sourceType": "periodical", "tier": "A", "title": "GDC 2026: Exploring the Xbox Booth", "url": "https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/games/articles/2026/03/gdc-2026-explore-the-xbox-booth/" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-04", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/manualzilla-id-6920058", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 638780, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-04T15:14:38Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn760005.eu.archive.org/0/items/manualzilla-id-6920058/6920058_djvu.txt", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "7bc5be0e84729968ef3a7527da1f925f8c80e022248922eae31e3e6789f20ca9", "url": "https://archive.org/download/manualzilla-id-6920058/6920058_djvu.txt" }, "id": "mips-r10000-users-manual", "license": "Copyright MIPS Technologies, Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Chapter 15, \"Floating-Point Unit\", opening section", "publishedDate": "1996-10-10", "publisher": "MIPS Technologies, Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "MIPS R10000 Microprocessor User's Manual, Version 2.0", "url": "https://archive.org/download/manualzilla-id-6920058/6920058_djvu.txt" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "128 × 8 static RAM.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 5371185, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:09:01Z", "finalUrl": "https://6502.org/documents/datasheets/mos/mos_6532_riot.pdf", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "a48e7f8a5b39070d68bea90f7d36b4756c701d1b00f213031a93eab6f1057ce4", "url": "https://www.6502.org/documents/datasheets/mos/mos_6532_riot.pdf" }, "id": "mos-6532-riot-datasheet", "locator": "Features and functional-block diagram, 128 × 8 static RAM", "publishedDate": "1976", "publisher": "MOS Technology, Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "6532 RAM-I/O-Timer (RIOT) Data Sheet", "url": "https://www.6502.org/documents/datasheets/mos/mos_6532_riot.pdf", "usageNote": "MOS's component datasheet. The Atari field service manual identifies the fitted 6532 RAM-I/O chip; this datasheet states its on-chip RAM capacity." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "MSX Technical Data Book ... Produced by ASCII", "fetch": { "byteLength": 11485513, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T18:59:27Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn760005.eu.archive.org/0/items/MSXTechnicalDataBook/MSX%20Technical%20Data%20Book.pdf", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "bbd1a3a7bb1d4c26b50269197a41c07ee974155cb528add4e31e7a3cf26fc645", "url": "https://archive.org/download/MSXTechnicalDataBook/MSX%20Technical%20Data%20Book.pdf" }, "id": "msx-technical-data-book", "locator": "Internet Archive item record and front matter", "publishedDate": "1984", "publisher": "ASCII Corporation", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "B", "title": "MSX Technical Data Book", "url": "https://archive.org/download/MSXTechnicalDataBook/MSX%20Technical%20Data%20Book.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The chip used is Zilog's veteran Z80A, clocked at 3.58 MHz.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 6615990, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:13:08Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "661bb946e1a4b6485c60178d1648bc169751e08a0431aa2c136369ed2f4a851d", "url": "https://msxtop.msxall.com/mts/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/MTS3-Complete-English.pdf" }, "id": "msx-top-secret-3", "locator": "Chapter 1, \"The CPU\" section", "publishedDate": "2022", "publisher": "MSX Top Secret", "sourceType": "book", "tier": "B", "title": "MSX Top Secret 3, The Final Compilation of MSX Information", "url": "https://msxtop.msxall.com/mts/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/MTS3-Complete-English.pdf", "usageNote": "Independent technical compilation. Used with MSXInfo for the standard CPU clock." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Zilog Z80 compatible running at 3.58 MHz.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 114488, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:13:10Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "c9ad9228f37ee8abc52e47e6087eba38f08dd7bf7287bff985fa3a1b6552831e", "url": "https://www.msxinfo.net/msx-specifications/" }, "id": "msxinfo-standard-specifications", "locator": "Processor row, MSX column", "publisher": "MSX Information Network", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "MSX Specifications", "url": "https://www.msxinfo.net/msx-specifications/", "usageNote": "Independent specification reference, agreeing with MSX Top Secret 3 on the standard clock." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/Nintendo_Ultra64_Programming_Manual", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 877855, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T07:53:02Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn760002.eu.archive.org/0/items/Nintendo_Ultra64_Programming_Manual/Nintendo_Ultra64_Programming_Manual_and_Addendums_djvu.txt", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "bd41cf0ea58134250ccdcc6235345afd5fe5fbf0397ffc8ee007f778ac3ac340", "url": "https://archive.org/download/Nintendo_Ultra64_Programming_Manual/Nintendo_Ultra64_Programming_Manual_and_Addendums_djvu.txt" }, "id": "n64-programming-manual", "license": "Copyright Nintendo. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Chapter 3 \"Hardware architecture\": memory issues p. 47, clock speeds and bus bandwidth p. 48, development hardware p. 49", "publishedDate": "1996-10", "publisher": "Nintendo / Silicon Graphics", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Nintendo Ultra 64 Programming Manual", "url": "https://archive.org/download/Nintendo_Ultra64_Programming_Manual/Nintendo_Ultra64_Programming_Manual_and_Addendums_djvu.txt", "usageNote": "The scanned text layer of this manual is badly degraded — the clock-speed list alone renders \"various system statistics\" as \"fpfrious s^ptem statistics\" and \"110 Mhz\" as \"-liO Mhz\". Every figure taken from it records what was legible and what was reconstructed, and figures that could not be read with confidence are held provisional rather than published as fact." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "English language documentation for the CPU, VDC, and audio chip in the PC Engine", "fetch": { "byteLength": 134653, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T19:00:55Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn760003.eu.archive.org/0/items/PCEDev/HuC62%20-%20System%20Outline%20Note.pdf", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "03f428045a31b9d3a05c75edf81d18ff02d6b6d5006735833e5616715562193c", "url": "https://archive.org/download/PCEDev/HuC62%20-%20System%20Outline%20Note.pdf" }, "id": "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual", "locator": "HuC62 System Outline Note", "publisher": "NEC and Hudson", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "B", "title": "PC Engine Developer Documentation", "url": "https://archive.org/download/PCEDev/HuC62%20-%20System%20Outline%20Note.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Neo-Geo Hardware Specification", "fetch": { "byteLength": 5885883, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T18:59:30Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn760102.eu.archive.org/0/items/NeoGeoProgrammersGuide/NeoGeoProgrammersGuide.pdf", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "910f0f02cafdbf19188bff88053c9427243d087a7aabc2e715e3bc8a1182f111", "url": "https://archive.org/download/NeoGeoProgrammersGuide/NeoGeoProgrammersGuide.pdf" }, "id": "neo-geo-developers-manual", "locator": "Neo-Geo Specification, Hardware-1 and Hardware-2", "publishedDate": "1989-12-01", "publisher": "SNK", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "B", "title": "Neo-Geo Hardware Specification", "url": "https://archive.org/download/NeoGeoProgrammersGuide/NeoGeoProgrammersGuide.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-04", "author": "Alfred Aburto, Naval Ocean Systems Center", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 82087, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-04T09:41:37Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "067ed29fa2ebf509e7a3599474367702a46aea3d305b6830dbb422af79831b46", "url": "https://www.netlib.org/performance/html/dhrystone.data.col0.html" }, "id": "netlib-pds-dhrystone", "license": "No license is stated by Netlib or by the collection's compiler. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited, on the assumption of no granted rights rather than of permission.", "locator": "Results table, column headings \"MIPS V1.1\" and \"MIPS V2.1\", and row 328", "publisher": "Netlib (University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory)", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "PDS: The Performance Database Server — Dhrystone", "url": "https://www.netlib.org/performance/html/dhrystone.data.col0.html", "usageNote": "Dhrystone has no governing body and therefore no official result list; this collection, compiled by Aburto and hosted by Netlib since the 1980s, is the nearest thing to one. It is treated as tier B rather than as an official result for exactly that reason, so a figure taken from it alone stays provisional. Its value here is the column headings: the table separates version 1.1 from version 2.1 by construction, which is what makes a row citable at all under a metric that refuses a Dhrystone figure without a version." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-24", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "GBATEK Nintendo DS Technical Reference", "fetch": { "byteLength": 5473181, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T19:39:36Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "a701cf0f5be47b23dd31298d7dc593a7cccb3ae9a59087dea940305565025b70", "url": "https://mgba-emu.github.io/gbatek/" }, "id": "nintendo-ds-technical-reference", "locator": "NDS Reference, DS Technical Data and Memory Maps", "publisher": "Martin Korth", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "B", "title": "GBATEK Nintendo DS Technical Reference", "url": "https://mgba-emu.github.io/gbatek/" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 163139, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T18:08:04Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "443aafbd9b58323898b859582d771088b39a850c0c15a2e7b813c6ccb8692b36", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/en-gb/Corporate/Consumer-Information/Eco-design/Product-Ecodesign-Information-Accessories-part-3--2802495.html" }, "id": "nintendo-ecodesign-accessories-part-3", "license": "Copyright Nintendo. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "HAC-002 technical characteristics, output voltage and output current rows", "publisher": "Nintendo", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Product Ecodesign Information — Accessories (part 3)", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/en-gb/Corporate/Consumer-Information/Eco-design/Product-Ecodesign-Information-Accessories-part-3--2802495.html", "usageNote": "Published to satisfy European ecodesign regulation rather than to describe the console, which is why it states an electrical rating Nintendo's product pages never give. It rates the adapter, not the machine: Nintendo's companion consoles page reports the Switch drawing 7 W while actively gaming, so this figure describes what the supply can deliver and not what the console takes." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 87700, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T18:08:04Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "d8f73644dd0e4c64b262f09edc8bcd5c8d22e1cb327827f6b66447e653f91f2c", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/es-es/Hardware/La-historia-de-Nintendo/Nintendo-GameCube/Especificaciones-Tecnicas/Especificaciones-Tecnicas-627134.html" }, "id": "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Nintendo. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Especificaciones Técnicas table: 'Ancho de Banda de la Memoria Principal' and 'Alimentación' rows", "publisher": "Nintendo", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Nintendo GameCube — Especificaciones Técnicas", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/es-es/Hardware/La-historia-de-Nintendo/Nintendo-GameCube/Especificaciones-Tecnicas/Especificaciones-Tecnicas-627134.html", "usageNote": "Nintendo's Spanish-language hardware-history section still carries the full GameCube specification table that the English pages dropped. It is the manufacturer's own document, and it is the reason the console's main-memory bandwidth no longer rests on technical journalism. The same table states a 10,5 GFLOPS figure that explicitly totals the MPU, Geometry Engine and hardware lighting and names no precision, which is why the console's FP32 row stays unknown." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 151407, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T18:15:25Z", "finalUrl": "https://www.nintendo.com/it-it/Assistenza/Console-precedenti/Set-Adattatore-AC-DC-alimentatore-per-il-Game-Boy-Advance--619486.html", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "b85356bd99a50e2f3c5103c91997ae4176d44ef982b141f972a4410116a246d4", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/it-it/Assistenza/Game-Boy-Advance/Accessori/Set-Adattatore-AC-DC-alimentatore-per-il-Game-Boy-Advance-/Set-Adattatore-AC-DC-alimentatore-per-il-Game-Boy-Advance--619486.html" }, "id": "nintendo-gba-ac-adapter-set", "license": "Copyright Nintendo. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "AC-DC adapter technical specifications, Power in and Power out lines", "publisher": "Nintendo", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Set Adattatore AC-DC (alimentatore per il Game Boy Advance)", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/it-it/Assistenza/Game-Boy-Advance/Accessori/Set-Adattatore-AC-DC-alimentatore-per-il-Game-Boy-Advance-/Set-Adattatore-AC-DC-alimentatore-per-il-Game-Boy-Advance--619486.html", "usageNote": "Cited for an absence. Nintendo rates this adapter, and the page is explicit that it is an accessory bought separately for a handheld that ships running on two AA cells. A rating for a power source most units never used is not the machine's rated consumption, so the figure is recorded as the near miss it is." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-15", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 79883, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-15T19:18:30Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "e164547b0f54cdb2353456aa974425e64dac089daced5d55f89e96b78bf91ab1", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/en-gb/Hardware/Nintendo-History/Nintendo-Entertainment-System/Technical-Details/Technical-Details-627027.html" }, "id": "nintendo-nes-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Nintendo. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Technical Details table, CPU and Memory rows", "publisher": "Nintendo", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Nintendo Entertainment System — Technical Details", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/en-gb/Hardware/Nintendo-History/Nintendo-Entertainment-System/Technical-Details/Technical-Details-627027.html", "usageNote": "Nintendo's own specification table for this console, still published, and the only one this project has found. It states a single processor frequency and names no region, although the console shipped with different crystals in different territories — a distinction the catalog's record makes and this document does not. Its figure is also not the one that circulates. Both facts are carried on the measurement rather than resolved here, because the manufacturer's statement is the manufacturer's statement." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-15", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 79215, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-15T19:18:30Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "b14f56b0bd3bf242116a25dee501be2f85ca3ea6624d75b82593a724bf85fbf4", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/en-gb/Hardware/Nintendo-History/Super-Nintendo/Technical-Details/Technical-Details-627042.html" }, "id": "nintendo-snes-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Nintendo. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Technical Details table, CPU, Graphics Processor, Memory and Sound Chip rows", "publisher": "Nintendo", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Super Nintendo — Technical Details", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/en-gb/Hardware/Nintendo-History/Super-Nintendo/Technical-Details/Technical-Details-627042.html", "usageNote": "The counterpart page for the Super Nintendo, and a fuller table than the Nintendo Entertainment System's: it gives the memory in bits, states the video memory separately, and puts a range on the cartridge size — the only vendor statement this catalog has for that question on any cartridge machine. The processor frequency it names is one of several this console genuinely runs at, depending on which memory region is being addressed, and the measurement says which." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "fetch": { "byteLength": 311916, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T19:26:53Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "57fbe5ea8d0871f3ac82c2d32d06d31954c4824b6a3e8d4f6c242d2b8c9d484e", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/us/gaming-systems/switch-2/tech-specs/" }, "id": "nintendo-switch-2-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Nintendo. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Nintendo Switch 2 technical-specification table", "publisher": "Nintendo", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Nintendo Switch 2 Tech Specs", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/us/gaming-systems/switch-2/tech-specs/", "usageNote": "Nintendo identifies a custom NVIDIA processor and states the shipped screen, storage, and battery facts, but publishes no processor clocks, working-memory capacity, transfer rate, or floating-point rate." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-15", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 297311, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-15T09:41:38Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "332719dd6cdf2ac6af2df0f54ea28bf1dce82e3caf07b85b55dee745cd568a09", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/us/gaming-systems/switch/tech-specs/" }, "id": "nintendo-switch-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Nintendo. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Nintendo Switch console (HAC-001(-01)) specification table", "publisher": "Nintendo", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Nintendo Switch — Technical Specs", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/us/gaming-systems/switch/tech-specs/", "usageNote": "The only specification Nintendo publishes for this console, and it is cited here mostly for its silences. The CPU/GPU row reads \"NVIDIA Custom Tegra processor\" and stops: no frequency for either part, and no memory capacity anywhere on the page. Storage, battery and measured power consumption are stated. The page carries several models in separate tables and only the HAC-001(-01) console is read onto this record." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Wii Operations Manual (Model No. RVL-001)", "fetch": { "byteLength": 4741700, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:06:43Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "0fc72ec254f6f015b8b2f16bce769fd976cd31942be79370c70d142c6bb25fa5", "url": "https://csassets.nintendo.com/noaext/image/private/t_KA_PDF/WiiOpMn_EN_setup?_a=BATCtdAA0" }, "id": "nintendo-wii-hardware-overview", "locator": "Wii manual table", "publisher": "Nintendo", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Wii - System and Accessory Instruction Manuals", "url": "https://en-americas-support.nintendo.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/16890/~/wii-manuals" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Wii Operations Manual for RVL-001.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 6000310, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:09:37Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "a0e2ab82d15a6fc4779525bb1438c857d6a27d0a21373a5503330763db23a990", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/eu/media/downloads/support_1/wii_21/Wii_HW_MAN_RVK_UKV_300_NFRP_1_2012.pdf" }, "id": "nintendo-wii-rvl-001-manual", "locator": "Specifications page", "publishedDate": "2012", "publisher": "Nintendo of Europe GmbH", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Wii Operations Manual, RVL-001", "url": "https://www.nintendo.com/eu/media/downloads/support_1/wii_21/Wii_HW_MAN_RVK_UKV_300_NFRP_1_2012.pdf", "usageNote": "Nintendo's published operations manual, used only after confirming the exact specification row in the retained PDF." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-15", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 17772, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-15T17:55:51Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "74bb5bb29329ea64e5db932cb104063886bf9f1c1f400b57dc5a8b5f063335f1", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20141228181800id_/http://www.nintendo.co.jp/wiiu/hardware/specs/index.html" }, "id": "nintendo-wii-u-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Nintendo. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "本体の主な仕様 / Wii U Console Tech Specs table, CPU and GPU rows", "publishedDate": "2012-12", "publisher": "Nintendo", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "本体の主な仕様 — Wii U (Wii U Console Tech Specs)", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20141228181800id_/http://www.nintendo.co.jp/wiiu/hardware/specs/index.html", "usageNote": "Nintendo's own specification table for this console, in Japanese, and no longer hosted at its original address — the capture is cited because the document is Nintendo's, not the archive's. It is used mostly for what it withholds. The processor and graphics rows name a supplier and an architecture family and no frequency for either, and the table has no main-memory row at all: the storage figure it does give is the console's flash, which is a different quantity. The English-language Nintendo sites never carried an equivalent table." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "author": "Klaus Hinum", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The Apple A19 integrates six CPU cores with two performance cores at up to 4.26 GHz and four efficiency cores at up to 2.6 GHz. The iPhone 17 row lists 8 GB RAM; the LPDDR5X-8533 controller is stated at up to 68.26 GB/s.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 330757, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T19:03:38Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "90ab5dd3f5634878d5575fcae923b9165beb307de28760a2d932e537c6360da0", "url": "https://www.notebookcheck.net/Apple-A19-Processor-Benchmarks-and-Specs.1127048.0.html" }, "id": "notebookcheck-apple-a19", "license": "Copyright Notebookcheck Publishing GmbH. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Architecture and Apple iPhone 17 rows", "publishedDate": "2026-01-08", "publisher": "Notebookcheck Publishing GmbH", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Apple A19 Processor — Benchmarks and Specs", "url": "https://www.notebookcheck.net/Apple-A19-Processor-Benchmarks-and-Specs.1127048.0.html", "usageNote": "This independent analysis reports the A19 specifications and identifies the regular iPhone 17 configuration. Apple does not publish these clocks, DRAM capacity, or interface bandwidth itself." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Core Speed: 1278 MHz", "id": "notebookcheck-apple-m1-gpu", "license": "Copyright Notebookcheck Publishing GmbH. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Technical details, Core Speed", "publisher": "Notebookcheck Publishing GmbH", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Apple M1 GPU benchmarks and specifications", "url": "https://www.notebookcheck.net/Apple-M1-GPU-Benchmarks-and-Specs.503610.0.html" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Apple iPhone 17 Pro Apple A19 Pro; Geekbench 5.5 Power Consumption 150cd: Ø4.24 (0.687-17.7) Watt", "id": "notebookcheck-iphone-17-pro-review", "license": "Copyright Notebookcheck Publishing GmbH. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Leistungsaufnahme, Geekbench at 150 cd/m²", "publisher": "Notebookcheck Publishing GmbH", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Test Apple iPhone 17 Pro", "url": "https://www.notebookcheck.com/Test-Apple-iPhone-17-Pro-Schneller-laenger-weiter-Reicht-das.1139984.0.html" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-28", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 2914200, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-28T21:26:22Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "d0575d1834b86d1d73e262ed83c0e7326693516fc775e7c9a28bbfefd3ef1a80", "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19700023342/downloads/19700023342.pdf" }, "id": "ntrs-19700023342", "license": "Public domain (work of the United States Government)", "locator": "Digital computer and data adapter section, pages 24-27; table 5 \"Computer characteristics\" on page 25", "publishedDate": "1970", "publisher": "NASA George C. Marshall Space Flight Center", "sourceType": "government-document", "tier": "A", "title": "Description and Performance of the Saturn Launch Vehicle's Navigation, Guidance, and Control System", "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19700023342/downloads/19700023342.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-28", "author": "M. D. Holley, W. L. Swingle, S. L. Bachman, C. J. LeBlanc, H. T. Howard and H. M. Biggs", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 13115888, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-28T21:13:13Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "cb6eedb8e969020531b4b22768af44779d2fc58d4876c65ca28967b1ea34d6e7", "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19760016247/downloads/19760016247.pdf" }, "id": "ntrs-19760016247", "license": "Public domain (work of the United States Government)", "locator": "NASA TN D-8227, computer subsystem, pages 24-30; table I \"Computer characteristics\" on page 26", "publishedDate": "1976-05", "publisher": "NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center", "sourceType": "government-document", "tier": "A", "title": "Apollo Experience Report - Guidance and Control Systems: Primary Guidance, Navigation, and Control System Development (NASA TN D-8227)", "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19760016247/downloads/19760016247.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "author": "Emmett Kilgariff and Randima Fernando", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "wide (256 bits); 550 MHz DDR memory clock; 35 GB/sec; 425 MHz internal graphics clock", "id": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-whitepaper", "license": "Copyright retained by the publisher. Short extracts are recorded solely to verify the cited specifications.", "locator": "§30.2.1–30.2.2 and §30.4, GeForce 6800 Ultra memory-system and performance discussion", "publishedDate": "2005", "publisher": "NVIDIA", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Chapter 30. The GeForce 6 Series GPU Architecture", "url": "https://developer.nvidia.com/gpugems/gpugems2/part-iv-general-purpose-computation-gpus-primer/chapter-30-geforce-6-series-gpu", "usageNote": "This chapter documents a 2005 GeForce 6800 Ultra configuration. It does not establish the April 2004 reference-card memory capacity or a board-power rating." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Precision fp32; GFLOPs 518; FB Bandwidth 86 GB", "id": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-product-brief", "license": "Copyright retained by the publisher. Short extracts are recorded solely to verify the cited specifications.", "locator": "Table 2, \"GeForce 8800 GTX vs GeForce GTX 280\"", "publishedDate": "2008-05", "publisher": "NVIDIA", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "GeForce GTX 200 GPU Technical Brief", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/docs/IO/55506/GeForce_GTX_200_GPU_Technical_Brief.pdf", "usageNote": "The NVIDIA comparison table supplies the explicitly labelled FP32 result and rounded bandwidth. A separate Tier B technical presentation supplies the core clock and memory capacity." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Grafik-Taktfrequenz 772; Prozessor-Taktfrequenz 1544; 1536 MB GDDR5; 384-bit; Speicherbandbreite 192.4", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-product-brief", "license": "Copyright retained by the publisher. Short extracts are recorded solely to verify the cited specifications.", "locator": "GTX 480/GTX 580 comparison table", "publishedDate": "2010-11-09", "publisher": "NVIDIA", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "NVIDIA News: GTX 580 Launch - tolle Preise und Events", "url": "https://www.nvidia.de/content/EMEAI/newsletters/nov10/DE/corporate-de-09112010.html", "usageNote": "The launch table does not state an explicitly labelled FP32 peak or a numeric board-power rating." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "875 Base Clock; 928 Boost Clock; 3072 MB; 384-bit; 7.0 Gbps; 336 Memory Bandwidth; 250 W Graphics Card Power", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-product-brief", "license": "Copyright retained by the publisher. Short extracts are recorded solely to verify the cited specifications.", "locator": "GPU Engine Specs, Memory Specs, and Thermal and Power Specs", "publisher": "NVIDIA", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "GeForce GTX 780 Ti | Specifications", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/geforce-gtx-780-ti/specifications/", "usageNote": "NVIDIA labels these as its reference graphics-card design and says add-in-card manufacturers may vary them. The page does not state an explicitly labelled FP32 peak." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "extract": "GeForce RTX 2080 Ti: 1350 MHz base clock and 1635 MHz boost clock; 11 GB GDDR6 frame buffer; 616 GB/s memory bandwidth; 13.45 TFLOPS general-shader FP32 peak; 250 W thermal design power.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 542586, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-15T18:48:22Z", "finalUrl": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/20-series/", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "71ab278b7ff4ebf126bc77d08b784defb494b8acc7e6c5b2d8b4960ed6d3f177", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/rtx-2080-ti/" }, "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-product-specifications", "license": "Copyright retained by the publisher. Short extracts are recorded solely to verify the cited specifications.", "locator": "Reference-card specification table and architecture summary", "publisher": "NVIDIA", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti — reference specifications", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/rtx-2080-ti/", "usageNote": "Fetched for the first time on 15 August 2026, and the retrieval is the finding: the address now redirects to NVIDIA's 20-series landing page, which carries none of this card's figures. A Wayback capture of the original address from 20 August 2018 does carry the launch table, and reading it raises a second question this record cannot settle on its own — the table gives 1635 MHz (OC) for the Founders Edition and 1545 MHz for the standard card, while the catalog records 1635 MHz against a record titled reference. The base clock, the thermal design power and the floating-point rate are on neither page. Held for the round that curates the graphics cards." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "extract": "GeForce RTX 4090: 2235 MHz base clock and 2520 MHz boost clock; 24 GB GDDR6X frame buffer; 1008 GB/s memory bandwidth; 82.58 TFLOPS general-shader FP32 peak; 450 W total graphics power.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 768039, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T14:53:09Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "ce07c3cf685b11e3afb97d9c43b4a52f92402b93ac29e11da1bff1a25d1bf662", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/40-series/rtx-4090/" }, "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-product-specifications", "license": "Copyright retained by the publisher. Short extracts are recorded solely to verify the cited specifications.", "locator": "Reference-card specification table and architecture summary", "publisher": "NVIDIA", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 — reference specifications", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/40-series/rtx-4090/" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-03", "author": "Andrew Burnes", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 629082, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-03T21:20:47Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "c026f32ee7408fb52e666a01d3e563be5a5f851b5500489ed6a3dffabd1d39a9", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/news/geforce-gtx-1080-gaming-perfected/" }, "id": "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016", "license": "Copyright NVIDIA Corporation. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Specifications table, \"GeForce GTX 1080 (Pascal)\" column", "publishedDate": "2016-05-26", "publisher": "NVIDIA Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "GeForce GTX 1080 Now Available. Learn More In This Deep Dive", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/news/geforce-gtx-1080-gaming-perfected/", "usageNote": "A dated launch article rather than a product page, and cited for that reason: NVIDIA has taken the GeForce GTX 1080's specification page down, while this article still carries the table it printed on the day the card went on sale. The page title still says the card goes on sale tomorrow; the article headline says it is now available." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-03", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 3184765, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-03T21:20:47Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "4329024604466005e5934e0d0d69abd01a7e03e6d661b82030736478a103f2ee", "url": "https://international.download.nvidia.com/geforce-com/international/pdfs/GeForce_GTX_1080_Whitepaper_FINAL.pdf" }, "id": "nvidia-gtx-1080-whitepaper", "license": "Copyright NVIDIA Corporation. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "\"GeForce GTX 1080 GPU Architecture In-Depth\", p. 9, comparison table and its footnote", "publishedDate": "2016", "publisher": "NVIDIA Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 Whitepaper — Gaming Perfected", "url": "https://international.download.nvidia.com/geforce-com/international/pdfs/GeForce_GTX_1080_Whitepaper_FINAL.pdf", "usageNote": "The architecture whitepaper, cited alongside the launch article because it is the only NVIDIA document here that states a floating-point rate for this card, and the only one that says what its footnote means: the rate is computed at the boost clock rather than the base clock." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 288812, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T17:35:18Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "4418e7ed74d1b4e4724aa3eb580a7657b0046e18190b80b8968ead59b1e8d8b1", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/data-center/h100/" }, "id": "nvidia-h100-product-specifications", "license": "Copyright NVIDIA Corporation. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "\"Product Specifications\" table, H100 SXM column", "publisher": "NVIDIA Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "NVIDIA H100 Tensor Core GPU — Product Specifications", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/data-center/h100/", "usageNote": "A living product page rather than a dated document: NVIDIA revises it as the product line changes, and it carries no publication date. The figures cited here are pinned by the research record's extract hash, and a change upstream is reported by data:fetch rather than adopted." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-03", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 657427, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-03T21:20:48Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "82eb58f9356a9c5a921afd55a00926aad65f7b4a336899435458672377bc845e", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/50-series/rtx-5090/" }, "id": "nvidia-rtx-5090-product-specifications", "license": "Copyright NVIDIA Corporation. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Specification table, \"GPU Engine Specs\", \"Memory Specs\" and \"Thermal and Power Specs\" sections", "publisher": "NVIDIA Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "GeForce RTX 5090 Graphics Card — Specifications", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/50-series/rtx-5090/", "usageNote": "A living product page with no publication date, like the H100's. What it does not contain is the point: no floating-point rate, no memory bandwidth. Where the GeForce GTX 1080's page once printed a bandwidth figure, this one prints AI TOPS and a ray-tracing rate, neither of which the catalog has a metric for." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-03", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 8283392, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-03T21:20:48Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "906ff2a409d7a7e4cbc56f5d3a179d574120d19aaba99520670e1a0c064595fa", "url": "https://images.nvidia.com/aem-dam/Solutions/geforce/blackwell/nvidia-rtx-blackwell-gpu-architecture.pdf" }, "id": "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper", "license": "Copyright NVIDIA Corporation. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Appendix A \"Blackwell GB202 GPU\", Table 3 \"GeForce RTX 5090 vs GeForce RTX 4090 vs GeForce RTX 3090 Specs\", RTX 5090 column", "publishedDate": "2025", "publisher": "NVIDIA Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "NVIDIA RTX Blackwell GPU Architecture Whitepaper", "url": "https://images.nvidia.com/aem-dam/Solutions/geforce/blackwell/nvidia-rtx-blackwell-gpu-architecture.pdf", "usageNote": "The document the product page is missing. Its appendix names the precision of every rate it publishes — \"Peak FP32 TFLOPS (non-Tensor)\" — and states the memory bandwidth the specification table omits, which is why the card's headline figures are read from here and not from the page that sells it." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The CYBERSTORM system is to be installed in the processor slot of the Amiga 4000. Set the jumpers for a synchronous CYBERSTORM 68060/50 MHz on EXT.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1088423, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T19:02:29Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "77f76cda1d6f4d4055da738df3152de21603466b01be84a21642fcf93647494d", "url": "https://amiga.resource.cx/manual/CS_Mk1.pdf" }, "id": "phase5-cyberstorm-mk1-manual", "license": "Copyright phase 5 digital products. Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Installation, pages 4–5", "publishedDate": "1994", "publisher": "phase 5 digital products", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "CYBERSTORM 68040/68060 Accelerator Manual", "url": "https://amiga.resource.cx/manual/CS_Mk1.pdf", "usageNote": "This manual documents a third-party accelerator configuration for an Amiga 4000. It is not evidence that Commodore sold the A4000 with a 68060." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "34.13 Gbyte/s", "id": "phonedb-apple-a14", "license": "Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Memory interface specification", "publisher": "PhoneDB", "sourceType": "aggregator", "tier": "C", "title": "Apple A14 Bionic APL1W01 T8101 specifications", "url": "https://phonedb.net/index.php?c=apple_a14_bionic_apl1w01_t8101__sicily&d=detailed_specs&id=835&m=processor" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Measured GPU fmax is 1278/1398/1380/1578 MHz on M1/M2/M3/M4.", "id": "psutil-apple-gpu-frequency-table", "license": "BSD-3-Clause; quoted comment from the linked source file.", "locator": "macOS frequency helper, Apple Silicon GPU comment", "publisher": "psutil contributors", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "C", "title": "Apple GPU frequency table", "url": "https://chromium.googlesource.com/external/github.com/giampaolo/psutil/%2B/3215d7e5f00dfd0bde186be2b7ac658c2dc1afa4", "usageNote": "The table is an implementation comment, not a manufacturer specification." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/SCE-Hardware-Aug1998", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 48182, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T07:44:48Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn760009.eu.archive.org/0/items/SCE-Hardware-Aug1998/Hardware_djvu.txt", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "94e9176810380464083b3027bef9b573103054bdeed44fda5c9de20194dfdab6", "url": "https://archive.org/download/SCE-Hardware-Aug1998/Hardware_djvu.txt" }, "id": "psx-hardware-reference", "license": "Copyright Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Chapter 2 \"CPU and its peripherals\", table 2-1 and the Memory section; chapter 3 \"Graphics system\", Overview and Frame buffer", "publishedDate": "1998-08", "publisher": "Sony Computer Entertainment", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "PlayStation Hardware — PlayStation Developer Reference Series", "url": "https://archive.org/download/SCE-Hardware-Aug1998/Hardware_djvu.txt" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1095537, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T15:26:40Z", "finalUrl": "https://pip-assets.raspberrypi.com/categories/892-raspberry-pi-5/documents/RP-008348-DS-6-raspberry-pi-5-product-brief.pdf", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "10583c80f867e05af185742bb0f80448458c606a32dd3dbefbbcfca480b59ead", "url": "https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rpi5/raspberry-pi-5-product-brief.pdf" }, "id": "raspberry-pi-5-product-brief", "license": "Copyright Raspberry Pi Ltd. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "Page 2, Overview; page 3, Specification", "publishedDate": "2023-09", "publisher": "Raspberry Pi Ltd", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Raspberry Pi 5 Product Brief", "url": "https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rpi5/raspberry-pi-5-product-brief.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/scph-39001-n", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 422679, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T16:56:40Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn721904.ca.archive.org/0/items/scph-39001-n/SCPH-39001N_djvu.txt", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "70c8b4caa6dec40a17f43684239c01af61785f69dbd8bc071aad88821a3fefec", "url": "https://archive.org/download/scph-39001-n/SCPH-39001N_djvu.txt" }, "id": "scea-ps2-scph-39001-manual", "license": "Copyright Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "\"Specifications\", General section", "publishedDate": "2002", "publisher": "Sony Computer Entertainment America", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "PlayStation 2 Instruction Manual (SCPH-39001)", "url": "https://archive.org/download/scph-39001-n/SCPH-39001N_djvu.txt" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 82275, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T17:16:58Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "d034e8bffe1e4d4579ee376e9d324671fa38942b8cca3e6de4d78607e6883a16", "url": "https://sonyinteractive.com/en/press-releases/2013/playstation4-launches-across-the-united-states-and-canada/" }, "id": "scea-ps4-launch-2013", "license": "Copyright Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Paragraph describing the system architecture", "publishedDate": "2013-11-15", "publisher": "Sony Computer Entertainment America LLC", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "PlayStation®4 Launches Across the United States and Canada", "url": "https://sonyinteractive.com/en/press-releases/2013/playstation4-launches-across-the-united-states-and-canada/" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 76127, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T16:56:40Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "24cb0b8ed78643abe58c507bf6028a32c13b56392710c9578d5d7d8ce79f8bc5", "url": "https://sonyinteractive.com/en/press-releases/2003/emotionengine-and-graphics-synthesizer-used-in-the-core-of-playstation-become-one-chip/" }, "id": "scei-ee-gs-single-chip-2003", "license": "Copyright Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "\"New Semiconductor Specification\" table at the foot of the release", "publishedDate": "2003-04-21", "publisher": "Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "EmotionEngine and Graphics Synthesizer Used In The Core Of PlayStation Become One Chip", "url": "https://sonyinteractive.com/en/press-releases/2003/emotionengine-and-graphics-synthesizer-used-in-the-core-of-playstation-become-one-chip/" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "archiveUrl": "https://sonyinteractive.com/jp/press-releases/1999/990302_4-2/", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 23622, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T16:56:40Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "93537f6a1de0b356ce14369fca316447ff866098c413cb734d21e8b69be0704f", "url": "https://sonyinteractive.com/uploads/sites/5/2023/02/990302_4.pdf" }, "id": "scei-ps2-specifications-1999", "license": "Copyright Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Page 4 of 4, 次世代プレイステーション概要仕様書 (outline specification table)", "publishedDate": "1999-03-02", "publisher": "Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "「次世代プレイステーション」の基本仕様を公開 (Basic specifications of the next-generation PlayStation disclosed)", "url": "https://sonyinteractive.com/uploads/sites/5/2023/02/990302_4.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-04", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/original-playstation-3-manual", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 60819, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-04T15:04:38Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn721601.ca.archive.org/0/items/original-playstation-3-manual/original%20playstation%203%20manual_djvu.txt", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "f7f59df6e462dbf0cfe8816a407b4cb3db5a9fbad3d842fc96e5f7be279e982a", "url": "https://archive.org/download/original-playstation-3-manual/original%20playstation%203%20manual_djvu.txt" }, "id": "scei-ps3-cecha01-manual", "license": "Copyright Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "\"Specifications\", PlayStation 3 system section", "publishedDate": "2006", "publisher": "Sony Computer Entertainment America", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "PlayStation 3 Instruction Manual (CECHA01)", "url": "https://archive.org/download/original-playstation-3-manual/original%20playstation%203%20manual_djvu.txt" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "archiveUrl": "https://sonyinteractive.com/jp/press-releases/2006/060509a-2/", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 188015, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T17:10:37Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "75c8c4c1fb838a99c2a09284bfc28e381476142f30a1faed20e69bf048d56556", "url": "https://sonyinteractive.com/uploads/sites/5/2023/02/060509a.pdf" }, "id": "scei-ps3-launch-2006", "license": "Copyright Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Page 3 of 3, specification table", "publishedDate": "2006-05-08", "publisher": "Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "PLAYSTATION®3 ２００６年１１月１１日 日本国内発売 (PlayStation 3 launches in Japan on 11 November 2006)", "url": "https://sonyinteractive.com/uploads/sites/5/2023/02/060509a.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 89698, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T17:10:37Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "3efa17666552d66ffb227e4ed5221c56352338acf84cc701da46db0fd370c527", "url": "https://sonyinteractive.com/en/press-releases/2005/sony-computer-entertainment-inc-to-launch-its-next-generation-computer-entertainment-system-playstation-3-in-spring-2006/" }, "id": "scei-ps3-specifications-2005", "license": "Copyright Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "\"\" table at the foot of the release", "publishedDate": "2005-05-16", "publisher": "Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. to Launch its Next Generation Computer Entertainment System, PlayStation 3 in Spring 2006", "url": "https://sonyinteractive.com/en/press-releases/2005/sony-computer-entertainment-inc-to-launch-its-next-generation-computer-entertainment-system-playstation-3-in-spring-2006/" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 87479, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T17:16:59Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "cc5ead2367567c8b04422230485071ecb55262ee70a1e142e30fc8c9676454f5", "url": "https://sonyinteractive.com/en/press-releases/2013/sony-computer-entertainment-inc-introduces-playstation4-ps4/" }, "id": "scei-ps4-introduction-2013", "license": "Copyright Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "\"Gamer Focused, Developer Inspired\" section, the three paragraphs describing the system architecture", "publishedDate": "2013-02-20", "publisher": "Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. Introduces PlayStation®4 (PS4™)", "url": "https://sonyinteractive.com/en/press-releases/2013/sony-computer-entertainment-inc-introduces-playstation4-ps4/" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 594595, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T18:08:04Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "d3f714cc0196fc0173b6bbe317514870741fb6be0b8e1f39eb706c07df5732e5", "url": "https://manuals.playstation.net/document/pdf/CUH-1001A-1.5_3.pdf" }, "id": "scei-ps4-safety-guide-cuh-1001a", "license": "Copyright Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "Specifications table, p. 11, 'Maximum rated power' row", "publishedDate": "2013", "publisher": "Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "PlayStation®4 Safety Guide — CUH-1001A", "url": "https://manuals.playstation.net/document/pdf/CUH-1001A-1.5_3.pdf", "usageNote": "The safety guide, not the press release, is where Sony states a console's electrical rating. Sony's launch announcements describe the PlayStation 4 by architecture and core count and give no wattage at all; this document gives one, and it is model-coded, so the figure belongs to the CUH-1001A chassis and not to later revisions." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-03", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 168716, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-03T21:20:59Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "b9ec02b6cd5cb78a6e64f8e3f4fe1ffdf44c9f3497ef92e4154c32569ba935b5", "url": "https://blog.playstation.com/2020/03/18/unveiling-new-details-of-playstation-5-hardware-technical-specs/" }, "id": "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020", "license": "Copyright Sony Interactive Entertainment. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Specification table at the foot of the article", "publishedDate": "2020-03-18", "publisher": "Sony Interactive Entertainment", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Unveiling New Details of PlayStation 5: Hardware Technical Specs [UPDATED]", "url": "https://blog.playstation.com/2020/03/18/unveiling-new-details-of-playstation-5-hardware-technical-specs/", "usageNote": "The only specification table Sony has published for the PlayStation 5, and it was published eight months before the console shipped. Its own headline says [UPDATED] and the table has been edited since — the graphics rate now reads 10.3 TFLOPS where the March 2020 article read 10.28, and the compute-unit count is gone — so it is treated throughout as a pre-launch document that is still being revised, which is what holds every figure taken from it provisional." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-04", "archiveUrl": "https://archive.org/details/ps-scph-7501", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 101223, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-04T15:04:44Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn711106.ca.archive.org/0/items/ps-scph-7501/PS_SCPH-7501_djvu.txt", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "af0ce5bcb30b5f127f3dbfca845f7c82f95b3725ae75e289b1b4684b0fce68b7", "url": "https://archive.org/download/ps-scph-7501/PS_SCPH-7501_djvu.txt" }, "id": "scei-psx-scph-7501-manual", "license": "Copyright Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "\"Specifications\", General section", "publishedDate": "1998", "publisher": "Sony Computer Entertainment America", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "PlayStation Instruction Manual (SCPH-7501)", "url": "https://archive.org/download/ps-scph-7501/PS_SCPH-7501_djvu.txt" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Sega Master System Service Manual (E)", "fetch": { "byteLength": 2595867, "contentType": "application/x-cbr", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T18:59:33Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn790003.ca.archive.org/0/items/Sega_Master_System_Service_Manual_E/Sega_Master_System_Service_Manual_E.cbr", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "1bb859d54c40861357b0c17c516bb8a7af0db92dfc4bcfabd89fce25b739336b", "url": "https://archive.org/download/Sega_Master_System_Service_Manual_E/Sega_Master_System_Service_Manual_E.cbr" }, "id": "sega-8bit-service-manual", "locator": "Internet Archive item record and full scanned service manual", "publisher": "Sega", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "B", "title": "Sega Master System Service Manual (E)", "url": "https://archive.org/download/Sega_Master_System_Service_Manual_E/Sega_Master_System_Service_Manual_E.cbr" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sega-hardware-encyclopedia-master-system", "license": "Copyright SEGA CORPORATION. The site's own notice prohibits reproduction or reprinting without the copyright holder's permission; the figure is verified here from a short extract rather than by reproducing the page.", "locator": "Specifications table, 型番 and 電源/消費電力 rows; and the MASTER SYSTEM / Power Base section on the overseas model", "publisher": "SEGA CORPORATION", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "セガハード大百科 — マスターシステム (Sega Hardware Encyclopedia — Master System)", "url": "https://www.sega.jp/history/hard/mastersystem/", "usageNote": "Cited for an absence rather than a figure. The page states an electrical rating, but for the Japanese MK-2000 of October 1987, and then sets out how the overseas machine released a year earlier differs — no FM sound, no 3-D glasses port, no rapid-fire circuit. This catalog's Master System is the 1986 machine, so the page documents both that a vendor figure exists and that it belongs to another console." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sega-hardware-encyclopedia-mega-drive", "license": "Copyright SEGA CORPORATION. The site's own notice prohibits reproduction or reprinting without the copyright holder's permission; the figure is verified here from a short extract rather than by reproducing the page.", "locator": "Specifications table, 電源/消費電力 (power source / power consumption) row", "publisher": "SEGA CORPORATION", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "セガハード大百科 — メガドライブ (Sega Hardware Encyclopedia — Mega Drive)", "url": "https://www.sega.jp/history/hard/megadrive/index.html", "usageNote": "Sega's own retrospective hardware pages are the only place the manufacturer still publishes a consumption figure for its 1980s and 1990s consoles. The page describes the Japanese launch model by its 型番 (model code), so a figure taken from it travels with that model code and must not be generalized to an overseas revision." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sega-hardware-encyclopedia-saturn", "license": "Copyright SEGA CORPORATION. The site's own notice prohibits reproduction or reprinting without the copyright holder's permission; the figure is verified here from a short extract rather than by reproducing the page.", "locator": "Specifications table, 消費電力 (power consumption) row", "publisher": "SEGA CORPORATION", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "セガハード大百科 — セガサターン (Sega Hardware Encyclopedia — Sega Saturn)", "url": "https://www.sega.jp/history/hard/segasaturn/index.html", "usageNote": "The same retrospective hardware series as the Mega Drive page. The Saturn entry is the stronger of the two for this metric because the console takes mains power directly — the table gives 使用電源 AC100V±10% 50/60Hz beside the consumption row — so the figure is the machine's own consumption and not the rating of an external adapter." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1833921, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-16T17:45:33Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "e365473ce1af5ffa95ae25332b9a8235daa720ed95a60c7800fdbbc097a3deff", "url": "https://segaretro.org/images/a/af/Sega_Service_Manual_-_Genesis_II_-_Mega_Drive_II_%28PAL%29_-_001_-_June_1993.pdf" }, "id": "sega-mega-drive-service-manual", "locator": "CPU, RAM and custom VDP specification", "publisher": "Sega", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Sega Mega Drive Service Manual", "url": "https://segaretro.org/images/a/af/Sega_Service_Manual_-_Genesis_II_-_Mega_Drive_II_%28PAL%29_-_001_-_June_1993.pdf" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-15", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 5658216, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-15T21:09:17Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "415c0ec07a077e9b8c8df086b788b85e57bd20f7db0c294ce08630e45fa80ee0", "url": "https://segaretro.org/images/4/4e/Sega_Service_Manual_-_Sega_Saturn_%28PAL%29_-_013-1_-_June_1995.pdf" }, "id": "sega-saturn-service-manual", "license": "Copyright Sega Enterprises. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Section 1, Specifications: the Ratings block and the Specifications block", "publishedDate": "1995-06", "publisher": "Sega Enterprises, Ltd.", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Service Manual — Sega Saturn (PAL), No. 013-1", "url": "https://segaretro.org/images/4/4e/Sega_Service_Manual_-_Sega_Saturn_%28PAL%29_-_013-1_-_June_1995.pdf", "usageNote": "Sega's own service manual, held by an enthusiast archive that is the custodian and not the author — the same footing on which this project cites the Internet Archive. It documents model MK-80200-50, the PAL console, so its processor frequency is the PAL one and differs from the rate the Japanese machine runs at; every figure read from it names the model. The scan carries an optical-character layer whose quality varies, and transcriptions note where it does. Its power rating disagrees with the figure Sega's own hardware encyclopedia gives, which is recorded as a conflict rather than resolved by preferring one document." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-24", "author": "Gerhard Lenerz", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "fetch": { "byteLength": 69448, "contentType": "text/html", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T08:00:20Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "657504c3f6d80e31ded6ed3afd4111a45215822f0d4ae37474fc22a228ac0bcc", "url": "https://archive.irixnet.org/sgistuff/funstuff/benchmarks/index.html" }, "id": "sgistuff-octane-linpack", "license": "No license statement survives on the archived page. The short table row is quoted for verification only.", "locator": "Linpack table, SGI Octane R10000/250MHz row", "publisher": "SGIStuff, archived by IRIX Network", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "SGIStuff benchmark results: SGI Octane R10000/250MHz LINPACK run", "url": "https://archive.irixnet.org/sgistuff/funstuff/benchmarks/index.html", "usageNote": "The page states that its figures come from benchmark binaries run on real systems and excludes marketing figures. It identifies the machine, processor, operating system, compiler flags and result, but it does not record a date or a LINPACK variant. The result is therefore provisional." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 616929, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T18:08:04Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "ad1de4facf6d25aa4c03a4991641057c3a650c821cb23df502d32370fbff74be", "url": "https://manuals.playstation.net/document/pdf/CFI-1015A-1.0_2.pdf" }, "id": "sie-ps5-safety-guide-cfi-1015a", "license": "Copyright Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "Specifications table, p. 7, 'Maximum rated power' row", "publishedDate": "2020", "publisher": "Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc.", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "PlayStation®5 Safety Guide — CFI-1015A", "url": "https://manuals.playstation.net/document/pdf/CFI-1015A-1.0_2.pdf", "usageNote": "The counterpart to the PlayStation 4 safety guide, and the answer to a question the PlayStation 5 specification table does not touch. The same table also gives the console's electrical rating as 100-240 V, 3.55-1.5 A, and describes the GPU as '10 TFLOPS' with no precision named — a figure that is neither the 10.28 nor the 10.3 the specification blog has carried, and that is not usable as an FP32 rate." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250801000000/https://rk.nvg.ntnu.no/sinclair/computers/zxspectrum/spec_technical.htm", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Z80A microprocessor running at 3.5 MHz. 16K-byte ROM. 48K-byte RAM.", "id": "sinclair-zx-spectrum-technical-data", "locator": "Technical data, processor and memory lines", "publishedDate": "1982", "publisher": "Sinclair Research Ltd", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "ZX Spectrum technical data", "url": "https://rk.nvg.ntnu.no/sinclair/computers/zxspectrum/spec_technical.htm" }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 3522, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T07:18:17Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "d8d3f01f24d96a7c5e648172381b667098c232c24404d4efedad0bd92e31df3f", "url": "https://www.spec.org/cpu95/results/res98q2/cpu95-980413-02594.asc" }, "id": "spec-cpu95-octane-fp", "license": "Copyright Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation.", "locator": "Result cpu95-980413-02594: CFP95 summary, tester, hardware and software sections", "publishedDate": "1998-04", "publisher": "Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation", "sourceType": "official-benchmark-result", "tier": "A", "title": "SPEC CPU95 published result: Silicon Graphics Octane (SPECfp95)", "url": "https://www.spec.org/cpu95/results/res98q2/cpu95-980413-02594.asc", "usageNote": "Quotation is subject to the SPEC Fair Use Rules, https://www.spec.org/products/fairuse/. SPEC and the benchmark names are trademarks of the Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation. This record reproduces the summary figures and the configuration they were obtained on, not the benchmark suite or its results database." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-07-29", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 3507, "contentType": "text/plain; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-07-29T07:18:18Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "1fc934d4539410571521e9a9852fdbc26435d71d9023552bc06e104308223492", "url": "https://www.spec.org/cpu95/results/res98q1/cpu95-980206-02410.asc" }, "id": "spec-cpu95-octane-int", "license": "Copyright Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation.", "locator": "Result cpu95-980206-02410: CINT95 summary, tester, hardware and software sections", "publishedDate": "1998-02", "publisher": "Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation", "sourceType": "official-benchmark-result", "tier": "A", "title": "SPEC CPU95 published result: Silicon Graphics Octane (SPECint95)", "url": "https://www.spec.org/cpu95/results/res98q1/cpu95-980206-02410.asc", "usageNote": "Quotation is subject to the SPEC Fair Use Rules, https://www.spec.org/products/fairuse/. SPEC and the benchmark names are trademarks of the Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation. This record reproduces the summary figures and the configuration they were obtained on, not the benchmark suite or its results database." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "For maths calculations, Motorola claims an average of 3.5 MFLOPS, peaking at 8 MFLOPS.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 234478, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T19:26:54Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "d9a760e940f51ff8b6f957472379fd3592c90534dc0b9b4a6ae5eec9c6abd851", "url": "https://www.techmonitor.ai/hardware/motorola_finally_ready_with_68040_samples_volume_in_july" }, "id": "techmonitor-motorola-68040-launch", "license": "Copyright Tech Monitor. Quoted under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited performance claim.", "locator": "Launch-performance paragraph", "publishedDate": "1990-04-04", "publisher": "Tech Monitor", "sourceType": "periodical", "tier": "B", "title": "Motorola finally ready with 68040 samples; volume in July", "url": "https://www.techmonitor.ai/hardware/motorola_finally_ready_with_68040_samples_volume_in_july", "usageNote": "The report is contemporaneous evidence for Motorola's 25 MHz 68040 peak claim, not a measured Amiga benchmark." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "fetch": { "byteLength": 83185, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T19:26:56Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "6219d6f977a70c0e97afe094993bff27d3b208ca2682fa6ef2b6da80e35d4d32", "url": "https://www.techpowerup.com/336766/final-nintendo-switch-2-specifications-surface-cpu-gpu-memory-and-system-reservation" }, "id": "techpowerup-switch-2-specs", "license": "Copyright TechPowerUp. Quoted under short-extract fair use for verification of the cited specifications.", "locator": "CPU, graphics, and memory specification sections", "publishedDate": "2025-05-14", "publisher": "TechPowerUp", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "Final Nintendo Switch 2 specifications surface: CPU, GPU, memory, and system reservation", "url": "https://www.techpowerup.com/336766/final-nintendo-switch-2-specifications-surface-cpu-gpu-memory-and-system-reservation", "usageNote": "Independent reporting of the Switch 2 processor, graphics, and memory figures that Nintendo's public technical table does not disclose." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Apple-designed 6-core GPU, 1338MHz Max. 8 GB LPDDR5-6400 (3200 MHz).", "id": "the-apple-wiki-a17-pro", "license": "Text available under CC BY-SA unless otherwise noted.", "locator": "Specifications, GPU and Memory", "publisher": "The Apple Wiki", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "A17 Pro", "url": "https://theapplewiki.com/wiki/A17_Pro", "usageNote": "The page attributes the GPU clock to a device-tree reading." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Apple-designed 6-core GPU, 1620 MHz Max.", "id": "the-apple-wiki-a19-pro", "license": "Quoted under short-extract fair use.", "locator": "Specifications, GPU", "publisher": "The Apple Wiki", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "A19 Pro", "url": "https://theapplewiki.com/wiki/A19_Pro", "usageNote": "The page gives no primary source for the clock. The catalog therefore labels the figure rumored even though other specification sites repeat it." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "3dfx Voodoo Graphics, 50 MHz.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 271317, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:04:50Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "979347e73022fae3a9657fc436be142c15d6936ae63e269b102e37397aeb2098", "url": "https://www.tomshardware.fr/3dfx-de-la-voodoo-au-rampage-en-images/" }, "id": "toms-hardware-fr-3dfx-voodoo", "locator": "Voodoo Graphics specification table, frequency row", "publishedDate": "2013-07-30", "publisher": "Tom's Hardware France", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "3dfx: de la Voodoo au Rampage en images", "url": "https://www.tomshardware.fr/3dfx-de-la-voodoo-au-rampage-en-images/", "usageNote": "Independent retrospective. It agrees with Hardware.fr on the 50 MHz graphics clock." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Chip clock frequency, 120 MHz.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 2164241, "contentType": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-25T06:05:41Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "fb72fa6657f11ef54e9b9954e49c81da1f74b77d4f865ea4c5d97fbaeab8d16d", "url": "https://www.tomshardware.com/picturestory/464-nvidia-graphics-cards.html" }, "id": "toms-hardware-geforce-256", "locator": "GeForce: The First GPU, GeForce 256 specification table, Chip clock frequency row", "publishedDate": "2012-10-01", "publisher": "Tom's Hardware", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "13 Years of Nvidia Graphics Cards", "url": "https://www.tomshardware.com/picturestory/464-nvidia-graphics-cards.html", "usageNote": "Independent graphics-card history. It agrees with ComputerBase on the 120 MHz core clock for both SDR and DDR GeForce 256 variants." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 32477, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T18:08:05Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "512e5216797c9edf4dd737a27e3798050f3b0aa5857bcd18d198435effe47aca", "url": "https://www.steamdeck.com/en/tech/deck" }, "id": "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs", "license": "Copyright Valve Corporation. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures cited.", "locator": "Tech specs: Compute (APU, GPU, RAM) and Power sections", "publisher": "Valve Corporation", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Steam Deck — Tech Specs", "url": "https://www.steamdeck.com/en/tech/deck", "usageNote": "The one modern handheld whose maker states a floating-point rate and its precision in the same breath. This page is the LCD model, which is the machine this catalog records; the OLED page at /en/tech carries a different memory transfer rate (6400 MT/s against 5500) and the two must not be merged." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "32MB of SDRAM at 166MHz clock speed.", "id": "visiontek-geforce-256-agp-product-brief", "locator": "Product overview and specifications list", "publisher": "VisionTek", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "4x AGP GeForce 256 Graphics Accelerator", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240107050758/http://vgamuseum.info/images/doc/nvidia/gf256/geforce256_graphics.pdf", "usageNote": "This brief describes VisionTek's SDR board. It does not state a board-power rating." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The first Archimedes models, featuring a 32-bit ARM2 RISC CPU running at 8 MHz, provided a significant upgrade from Acorn's previous machines", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1571959, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:31:32Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "b90d47eb9134a3164f784a13b4be8b1aa3a3fe94c18187c1d46cd6abffd93ffa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acorn_Archimedes" }, "id": "wikipedia-acorn-archimedes", "locator": "History section, first models paragraph", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Acorn Archimedes", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acorn_Archimedes", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional processor clock of the A310." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The A11 features an Apple-designed 64-bit ARMv8-A six-core CPU, with two high-performance cores at 2.39 GHz, called Monsoon", "fetch": { "byteLength": 257007, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:20:35Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "35b153cc9ec7b9b6f44fa10c2386f62d4a515b64b498b86048fc073c0490a387", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_A11" }, "id": "wikipedia-apple-a11", "locator": "Design section, first paragraph", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Apple A11", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_A11", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional performance-core clock of the iPhone X." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-25", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The A19 Pro features 12GB of LPDDR5X (9600 MT/s) memory with bandwidth up to 76.8 GB/s.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 236934, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:20:38Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "d44d87f311d31c240c6afaaca7eea1ca8dc4d0e457efa548acafcca7244e003c", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_A19" }, "id": "wikipedia-apple-a19", "license": "Text available under CC BY-SA 4.0.", "locator": "Memory section", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Apple A19", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_A19", "usageNote": "The cited reference is not stable enough to promote this claim. The catalog keeps the bandwidth as rumored until a technical source states the interface." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Apple uses the APL0698 variant of the A7 chip, running at 1.3 GHz, in the iPhone 5S, iPad Mini 2 [...]", "fetch": { "byteLength": 299854, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:20:34Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "460dd1a323e43d36c4a25c838a1152a34f610fa5e2bf56d550b3d70ecc76e3c8", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_A7" }, "id": "wikipedia-apple-a7", "locator": "Design section, first paragraph", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Apple A7", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_A7", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional processor clock of the iPhone 5s." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Max. CPU clock rate 1.85 GHz (iPhone 6s, iPhone 6s Plus, iPhone SE) [...] The A9 also features a custom PowerVR Series7XT @ 650 MHz GPU, featuring 6x custom shader cores", "fetch": { "byteLength": 266135, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:20:34Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "7b322e2b14ca37684c8b01feac59a643a5ad792cfb56fb76cabe5ba35e3121f0", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_A9" }, "id": "wikipedia-apple-a9", "locator": "Infobox and Design section", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Apple A9", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_A9", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional processor and graphics clocks of the iPhone 6s." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The CPU is the MOS Technology 6507, a version of the 6502, running at 1.19 MHz in the 2600.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 676552, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:31:35Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "8e195ad1590e5858d870a0c32f34f7fa7de97906028b86d97cb926f208042987", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_2600" }, "id": "wikipedia-atari-2600", "locator": "Hardware section, processor paragraph", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Atari 2600", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_2600", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional processor clock of the console." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Both use identical 6502 CPUs at 1.79 MHz (1.77 MHz for PAL versions) and coprocessors ANTIC [...]", "fetch": { "byteLength": 514704, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:31:36Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "2491e088707bcf540f5517bd916441ed8493d9d673b92b8ad98eae38b80302e6", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_8-bit_computers" }, "id": "wikipedia-atari-8-bit", "locator": "Models section, 400 and 800 paragraph", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Atari 8-bit computers", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_8-bit_computers", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional PAL processor clock of the Atari 800." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Memory 288 KB RAM, 98 KB Video RAM", "fetch": { "byteLength": 625647, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T09:41:49Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "8eb54154c3f12628c1cd67a980c10be32897d5bbb9e06d72a765eff84236e378", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_Boy_Advance" }, "id": "wikipedia-game-boy-advance-specifications", "locator": "Infobox, Memory row", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Game Boy Advance", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_Boy_Advance", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional internal-RAM capacity. The figure is the sum of the handheld's two work-RAM banks, as the infobox states it." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The specifications table states the SDR and DDR model clocks, fill rates, memory capacities, bandwidths, memory types, bus widths, FP32 rates, and TDPs.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 187132, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T08:51:15Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "ca0533494f67d5feb2f9431eec9e3466716cd241ad1e0b26ae1463988ffbe04e", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeForce_256" }, "id": "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications", "locator": "Specifications table, GeForce 256 SDR and GeForce 256 DDR rows", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "GeForce 256", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeForce_256", "usageNote": "Tier C community table used only for provisional GeForce 256 configuration figures. The 64 MiB partner-card option shown in the table is not a reference configuration." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "[...] still have lower rated TDP and higher power consumption, e.g. GTX 580 (243W TDP) is slightly less power hungry than GTX 480 (250W TDP).", "fetch": { "byteLength": 241590, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:25:47Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "cd101c52dce4c80691519eb2e30816ea822112d9f9e00b7d80aa0b872e7b8e43", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeForce_500_series" }, "id": "wikipedia-geforce-500-series", "locator": "GeForce 500 series section, GF110 paragraph", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "GeForce 500 series", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeForce_500_series", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional thermal design power of the GTX 580." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The higher end Conroe processors are the E6600 (2.4 GHz) and E6700 (2.67 GHz) Core 2 Duo models. The family has a 1066 MHz front-side bus, 4 MB shared L2 cache, and 65 watts TDP.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 158111, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:28:55Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "259b57570226327a80b42622f929c099412293a18963ad24f89f122a5f180add", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conroe_(microprocessor)" }, "id": "wikipedia-intel-conroe", "locator": "Conroe section, higher-end models paragraph", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Conroe (microprocessor)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conroe_(microprocessor)", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional clock and thermal rating of the Core 2 Duo E6600." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "CPU Zilog Z80A @ 3.58 MHz [...] Memory 8 KB RAM 16 KB VRAM", "fetch": { "byteLength": 589080, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T09:41:39Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "a621d81dda5fdfb68c128fcbe9135d8bbfcdca4a3bf10ac6e9283e2a9ba4810f", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_System" }, "id": "wikipedia-master-system-specifications", "locator": "Infobox, CPU and Memory rows", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Master System", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_System", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional processor clock and work-RAM capacity of the 1986 machine." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The console's graphics are handled by a Ricoh 2C02, [...] a processor known as the Picture Processing Unit (PPU) that is clocked at 5.37 MHz.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1089275, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T09:41:37Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "e8d59af7ef9431e617935d824e322c6117a512e69da7d39d27e3626465579f5d", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System" }, "id": "wikipedia-nes-specifications", "locator": "Technical specifications section, graphics paragraph", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Nintendo Entertainment System", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional picture-processor clock. Nintendo's own technical page states no graphics frequency." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "CPU 67 MHz ARM946E-S 33 MHz ARM7TDMI", "fetch": { "byteLength": 730833, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:14:03Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "3fa356b3bf23c7170ad3e362b2f62aefcfc1603d712b66dde30e457d35f1c8ac", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nintendo_DS" }, "id": "wikipedia-nintendo-ds-specifications", "locator": "Infobox, CPU row", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Nintendo DS", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nintendo_DS", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional clock of the console main processor." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Graphics 256 Maxwell-based CUDA cores Docked: 768 MHz, 393 GFLOPS Undocked: 384 MHz, 197 GFLOPS", "fetch": { "byteLength": 2354438, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:14:02Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "ecb36e6ebe35f69cfe8e6b1df582f4d1f2f4614c6914e7187a1ff8a7abc71886", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nintendo_Switch" }, "id": "wikipedia-nintendo-switch-specifications", "locator": "Infobox, Graphics row", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Nintendo Switch", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nintendo_Switch", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional graphics throughput of the docked console." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "It includes 8 KB of RAM, 64 KB of Video RAM, and the ability to [...]", "fetch": { "byteLength": 382248, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T09:41:47Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "a9e3a42b1483c39cbe52fda62242e1fcc36be0fd3c5ec827e440c770ba132c8a", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TurboGrafx-16" }, "id": "wikipedia-pc-engine-specifications", "locator": "Infobox, Memory row, and the hardware paragraph", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "TurboGrafx-16", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TurboGrafx-16", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional work-RAM capacity." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "VDP1 & VDP2 video display processors each running @ 28.63636 MHz", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1069291, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T09:41:51Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "b4ca71147b09bee5f53d37d044e121bc80f1cda7f428488fe5afb058ad6999ce", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_Saturn" }, "id": "wikipedia-sega-saturn-specifications", "locator": "Infobox, Graphics row", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Sega Saturn", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_Saturn", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional video-display-processor clock." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "The card consisted of a DAC, a frame buffer processor and a texture mapping unit, along with 4 MB of EDO DRAM. The RAM and graphics processors operated at 50 MHz.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 443815, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:25:45Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "79c11d91c8ff476579f192275644bf81811adfb2310e98bfb13d7ca725aead42", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voodoo_Graphics" }, "id": "wikipedia-voodoo-graphics", "locator": "Voodoo Graphics section, hardware paragraph", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Voodoo Graphics", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voodoo_Graphics", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional memory capacity of the card." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "CPU IBM Broadway @ 729 MHz [...] the GPU is an updated version of the GameCube's Flipper, running at 243 MHz", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1278581, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:14:01Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "8586301755bf3e0db147d56a195433c9b0e637660162c0f974fa6084bb70b5bb", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wii" }, "id": "wikipedia-wii-specifications", "locator": "Infobox CPU row and Technical specifications section", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Wii", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wii", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional processor and graphics clocks of the console." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "main memory consisting of four 512 MB DRAM chips with a maximum bandwidth of 12.8 GB/s", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1059038, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:14:01Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "a1e1d62c593ab29363b2f8eed9068808dd069bd84a0a80343b7220988e384517", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wii_U" }, "id": "wikipedia-wii-u-specifications", "locator": "Technical specifications section, memory paragraph", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Wii U", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wii_U", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional main-memory bandwidth of the console." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Graphics 500 MHz ATI/AMD Xenos, 240 GFLOPS", "fetch": { "byteLength": 994701, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:13:59Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "3442b1b375be60ff4d90b5d8a19bfcedd5b1f9bbed1e91bc8ab782009ff5e427", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbox_360" }, "id": "wikipedia-xbox-360-specifications", "locator": "Infobox, Graphics row", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Xbox 360", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbox_360", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional graphics throughput of the console." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-26", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "Xbox One [...] 12 compute units [...] running at 853 MHz providing an estimated peak theoretical power of 1.31 TFLOPS.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 1502024, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-26T10:14:00Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "b9e51981a7c71ed302e0ec226e8371356b91a15c2f3f00ff98c2577f9473de8d", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbox_One" }, "id": "wikipedia-xbox-one-specifications", "locator": "Hardware section, graphics paragraph", "publisher": "Wikipedia contributors", "sourceType": "wiki", "tier": "C", "title": "Xbox One", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbox_One", "usageNote": "Tier C community article used only for the provisional graphics throughput of the launch console." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 82087, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-16T17:45:36Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "f73be671bb460ac98d0b6721443ad946ba3a19ab89ac5cc6cde64dcd569fd7b2", "url": "https://www.netlib.org/performance/html/dhrystone.data.col1.html" }, "id": "x86-dhrystone-results", "license": "No license is stated by Netlib; cited under short-extract fair use for verification of the figures.", "locator": "Dhrystone results table and its CPU, clock, version 1.1 and version 2.1 columns", "publisher": "Netlib (University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory)", "sourceType": "independent-analysis", "tier": "B", "title": "PDS: The Performance Database Server — Dhrystone", "url": "https://www.netlib.org/performance/html/dhrystone.data.col1.html", "usageNote": "The table is used only where it names the Dhrystone version and the processor clock used by the run. Its historic result rows are retained as provisional rather than treated as an official certification." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 88677, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T18:08:05Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "95af29c232208bc5069bf4031ece7dfc55cadb5b8f62f62d66bc344f3e5aace4", "url": "https://news.xbox.com/en-us/2020/03/16/xbox-series-x-glossary/" }, "id": "xbox-wire-series-x-glossary-2020", "license": "Copyright Microsoft. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "Glossary entry for 'TFLOPS (Teraflops)'", "publishedDate": "2020-03-16", "publisher": "Microsoft (Xbox Wire)", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Xbox Series X Glossary", "url": "https://news.xbox.com/en-us/2020/03/16/xbox-series-x-glossary/", "usageNote": "Published the same day as the specification table and answering the question the table leaves open. The specification row reads only '12 TFLOPS', which names no precision and is therefore unusable as an FP32 rate; the glossary, defining the same term for the same console, says the precision outright. A vendor's silence in one document is worth re-testing against the rest of what it published that day." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-13", "editorialStatus": "approved", "fetch": { "byteLength": 109591, "contentType": "text/html; charset=UTF-8", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-13T18:08:05Z", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "9b099d85d27bb7d59b462e29ecbf6bb6887de0097dda7dd0b17483f84cfff21c", "url": "https://news.xbox.com/en-us/2020/03/16/xbox-series-x-tech/" }, "id": "xbox-wire-series-x-tech-2020", "license": "Copyright Microsoft. Quoted here under short-extract fair use for verification of the figure cited.", "locator": "Xbox Series X full system specifications table, 'Memory Bandwidth' row", "publishedDate": "2020-03-16", "publisher": "Microsoft (Xbox Wire)", "sourceType": "vendor-documentation", "tier": "A", "title": "Xbox Series X: A Closer Look at the Technology Powering the Next Generation", "url": "https://news.xbox.com/en-us/2020/03/16/xbox-series-x-tech/", "usageNote": "Microsoft states two bandwidths for one console because the 16 GB of GDDR6 is deliberately partitioned into a 10 GB region and a 6 GB region that run at different rates. The two are separate figures and averaging them would describe no part of the machine." }, { "accessedDate": "2026-08-22", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "extract": "16k or 48k bytes of dynamic RAM memory.", "fetch": { "byteLength": 654097, "contentType": "application/pdf", "fetchedAt": "2026-08-24T18:59:36Z", "finalUrl": "https://dn760102.eu.archive.org/0/items/en-sinclair-zx-spectrum-48-k-service-manual/EN%20-%20Sinclair%20Zx%20Spectrum%2048K%20Service%20Manual.pdf", "httpStatus": 200, "sha256": "10e7bcf240954b9c7364060fb7155f222ba4d2f613670bd69b405727287db33a", "url": "https://archive.org/download/en-sinclair-zx-spectrum-48-k-service-manual/EN%20-%20Sinclair%20Zx%20Spectrum%2048K%20Service%20Manual.pdf" }, "id": "zx-spectrum-48k-manual", "locator": "System Description, General Description, PDF p. 4", "publishedDate": "1984-05", "publisher": "THORN (EMI) DATATECH LTD", "sourceType": "technical-manual", "tier": "A", "title": "Sinclair ZX Spectrum 48 K Service Manual", "url": "https://archive.org/download/en-sinclair-zx-spectrum-48-k-service-manual/EN%20-%20Sinclair%20Zx%20Spectrum%2048K%20Service%20Manual.pdf" } ], "systems": [ { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "3dfx-voodoo-graphics:clock-frequency-base" ], "notes": "The dead citation does not establish a reference-card graphics clock.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "3dfx-voodoo-graphics-memory:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference-card", "label": "Reference card", "releaseDate": "1996-11" } ], "description": "Voodoo Graphics drew only 3D. It sat beside an ordinary 2D card and took the screen over when a game started, which is why a machine fitted with one needed both boards and a short pass-through cable between them.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics", "imageIds": [ "3dfx-voodoo-graphics-card" ], "manufacturer": "3dfx Interactive", "name": "3dfx Voodoo Graphics", "notes": "The dead citation does not establish the fitted frame buffer or other reference-card details.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1996-11", "slug": "3dfx-voodoo-graphics", "sourceIds": [ "3dfx-sst-1-data-book" ], "summary": "The card that made 3D acceleration ordinary on a home PC, running a fixed-function pipeline of its own and leaving 2D to whatever adapter was already fitted.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "acorn-archimedes-arm2", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-a310:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "acorn-archimedes-vidc", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-a310:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "acorn-archimedes-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "acorn-archimedes-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-rom:capacity" ], "notes": "Read-only RISC OS ROM.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "retail", "label": "A310 retail configuration", "region": "United Kingdom" } ], "description": "Acorn designed its own processor after concluding that nothing on the market was a fit successor to the BBC Micro. The ARM2 it produced was cheap and unusually quick for its transistor count, and the architecture outlived the company that commissioned it.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "acorn-archimedes-a310", "imageIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-a310-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Acorn Computers", "name": "Acorn Archimedes A310", "region": "United Kingdom", "releaseDate": "1987-06", "slug": "acorn-archimedes-a310", "sourceIds": [ "acorn-archimedes-technical-reference" ], "summary": "The first Archimedes, built around Acorn's own ARM2 and running RISC OS from ROM. It put a RISC processor in a home computer years before the idea reached the mainstream.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "amd-navi31", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amd-navi31:clock-frequency-base", "amd-navi31:clock-frequency-boost" ], "notes": "The lower declared clock; the separately named upper clock is recorded as a peak-clock measurement.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-memory:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference-card", "label": "Reference card", "releaseDate": "2022-12" } ], "description": "AMD calls 2300 MHz the game clock and 2500 MHz the boost clock. The 61.42 TFLOPS peak is tied to the boost clock; it must not be recalculated from the game clock and silently relabeled as the same rate.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "radeon", "id": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx", "imageIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-card" ], "manufacturer": "AMD", "name": "AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX", "notes": "This accelerator’s whole-system memory is its fitted frame buffer; host memory is excluded. Partner cards may differ from this reference configuration.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2022-12", "slug": "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx", "sourceIds": [ "amd-radeon-rx-7900-xtx-product-specifications" ], "summary": "AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX: 24 GiB of GDDR6, 960 GB/s peak bandwidth, and 61.42 TFLOP/s FP32.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "motorola-68ec020", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-1200:pal:clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Half the 28.37516 MHz PAL base crystal. The service manual's functional-specification section states 14.18 MHz instead; see the conflict ledger.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amiga-aga", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-1200:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amiga-1200-chip-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-1200-chip-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Shared with the AGA chipset. Shipped as 1 MB, later configured with 2 MiB as standard.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "amiga-1200-kickstart-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-1200-kickstart-rom:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "pal", "label": "PAL", "region": "Europe" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "motorola-68ec020", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-1200:ntsc:clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Half the 28.63636 MHz NTSC base crystal.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amiga-aga", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-1200:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amiga-1200-chip-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-1200-chip-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "amiga-1200-kickstart-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-1200-kickstart-rom:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "ntsc", "label": "NTSC", "region": "North America" } ], "description": "The Amiga 1200 is a useful counterpart to the Amiga 500 because the two differ in more than clock rate. The 68EC020 runs at roughly twice the 500's frequency. Both clocks derive from the same video crystals, halved rather than quartered. It also has a 32 bit data path where the 68000 had 16, an instruction cache, and single-access operations where the 68000 needed two. Comparing the machines on megahertz alone would miss most of what changed. Chip memory is 32 bit wide and organized as 256K by 32, and the AGA chipset reaching it replaced the Original Chip Set. Floating point remained absent by default; the socket for a 68881 or 68882 was factory-fit only.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "commodore-amiga", "id": "amiga-1200", "imageIds": [ "amiga-1200-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Commodore Business Machines", "name": "Commodore Amiga 1200", "notes": "The release date is editorial context; the cited service manual documents the hardware without dating the launch. The scanned text of that manual is unreliable in places. It confuses 3 with 8, so every figure taken from it was cross-checked against the base crystal frequencies in the Amiga Hardware Reference Manual.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1992-10", "slug": "amiga-1200", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-1200-service-manual" ], "summary": "A 68EC020 at around 14.19 MHz with the AGA chipset and 2 MiB of 32 bit Chip memory.", "type": "home-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "motorola-68040", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-4000:standard:cpu-clock-frequency", "amiga-4000:standard:peak-fp32-rate" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amiga-aga", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-4000:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amiga-4000-chip-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-4000-chip-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "standard", "label": "Standard 68040" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "motorola-68060", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-4000:cyberstorm-68060:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "The CYBERSTORM card replaces the original processor module in the A4000 CPU slot.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amiga-aga", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-4000:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amiga-4000-chip-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-4000-chip-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "cyberstorm-68060", "label": "CYBERSTORM 68060 accelerator" } ], "description": "The A4000 moved the Amiga architecture into an expandable desktop case. Its stock processor module is a 68040. The CyberStorm configuration records a later accelerator that replaces that module with a 68060, so it belongs beside the standard configuration but is not presented as a Commodore shipping variant. The manual describes changeable Chip and Fast RAM rather than one fixed memory loadout.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "commodore-amiga", "id": "amiga-4000", "imageIds": [ "amiga-4000-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Commodore Business Machines", "name": "Commodore Amiga 4000", "notes": "The manual calls the chipset AA, the name Commodore used for Advanced Graphics Architecture. It gives memory capacities as configurable options; the catalog keeps Chip RAM separate from Fast RAM so the shared graphics-memory limit does not disappear inside an invented total.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1992-10", "slug": "amiga-4000", "sourceIds": [ "commodore-amiga-4000-user-guide", "phase5-cyberstorm-mk1-manual", "techmonitor-motorola-68040-launch" ], "summary": "A modular AGA Amiga with a standard 68040 processor at 25 MHz, Chip memory shared with the custom chipset, and a CPU slot that later accepted 68060 accelerator cards.", "type": "home-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "motorola-68000", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-500:pal:clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Derived from the 28.37516 MHz PAL base crystal.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amiga-ocs", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-500:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amiga-500-chip-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-500-chip-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Shared between the 68000 and the custom chips. Expandable to 1 MiB with a later Agnus.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "pal", "label": "PAL", "region": "Europe" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "motorola-68000", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-500:ntsc:clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Derived from the 28.63636 MHz NTSC base crystal.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amiga-ocs", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-500:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amiga-500-chip-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amiga-500-chip-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "ntsc", "label": "NTSC", "region": "North America" } ], "description": "The Amiga 500 shows why a processor clock alone says little. Its 68000 runs at 7.09379 MHz on PAL machines and 7.15909 MHz on NTSC ones. Both derive, like the Commodore 64's, from the video crystal rather than from a frequency chosen for the CPU. The custom chips work directly on memory while the processor does something else: Agnus runs the blitter and copper, Denise drives the display and sprites, and Paula handles audio and I/O. That architecture is also why memory is recorded here as two separate figures. Chip memory is what the custom chips can reach; Fast memory is what only the CPU can see. A single \"RAM\" number for an Amiga hides the distinction that determines what the machine can display and play.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "commodore-amiga", "id": "amiga-500", "imageIds": [ "amiga-500-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Commodore-Amiga, Inc.", "name": "Commodore Amiga 500", "notes": "The release date is editorial context; the cited manual documents the hardware without dating the model's launch. The manual is the 1991 third edition, whose table of memory configurations describes a later base machine than the 512 KiB Amiga 500 of 1987. The figures recorded here identify the column they came from.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1987", "slug": "amiga-500", "sourceIds": [ "amiga-hardware-reference-manual" ], "summary": "A 68000 at around 7.09379 MHz with the Original Chip Set handling graphics, audio and I/O in parallel with the processor, and memory shared between them.", "type": "home-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "amstrad-cpc464-z80a", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amstrad-cpc-464:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amstrad-cpc464-gate-array", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amstrad-cpc-464:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "amstrad-cpc464-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "amstrad-cpc464-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-rom:capacity" ], "notes": "Read-only firmware and BASIC ROM.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "pal", "label": "PAL retail machine", "region": "Europe" } ], "description": "Amstrad sold the CPC as one box at a time when rivals expected the buyer to supply a television and a tape recorder. The monitor carried the power supply for the whole machine, so the two parts were not separable.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "amstrad-cpc-464", "imageIds": [ "amstrad-cpc-464-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Amstrad", "name": "Amstrad CPC 464", "region": "United Kingdom", "releaseDate": "1984-06", "slug": "amstrad-cpc-464", "sourceIds": [ "amstrad-cpc464-user-instructions" ], "summary": "A Z80A home computer sold as a complete set, with Locomotive BASIC in ROM, a cassette deck built into the keyboard and its own monitor.", "type": "home-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "agc-block-ii", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "agc-block-ii:clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Master oscillator; the 1.024 MHz spacecraft reference is derived from it by a single divide-by-two stage.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "agc-core-rope", "count": 6, "measurementIds": [ "agc-core-rope:capacity" ], "notes": "Six rope modules of 6144 words each. The capacity given is the total across all six.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "agc-erasable-core", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "agc-erasable-core:capacity" ], "notes": "The first eight locations are central and special registers rather than general storage.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "block-ii", "label": "Block II flight configuration", "notes": "The command module and lunar module carried the same computer hardware; they differed in the rope modules fitted, which held different mission programs.", "region": "United States", "releaseDate": "1966" } ], "description": "Block II is the flight configuration of the Apollo Guidance Computer, developed from Block I after the experience of the early program showed that both fixed and erasable memory had to grow. The rope memory went from 24 576 to 36 864 words and the erasable memory doubled to 2048; the order code grew from 11 normal instructions to 34. A change from high-power to low-power micrologic cut power consumption from 100 W to 70 W and weight from 39.4 kg to 31.7 kg while adding roughly a third more logic gates. The memory-cycle time stayed at 11.7 µs, but multiplication became 2.5 times faster. Both memories are addressable by any instruction: there is no hierarchical distinction between them beyond the inability of a program to change the fixed part.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apollo-guidance-computer-block-ii", "imageIds": [ "apollo-guidance-computer-unit" ], "manufacturer": "MIT Instrumentation Laboratory / Raytheon", "name": "Apollo Guidance Computer (Block II)", "notes": "Recorded as a system in its own right rather than as a component, because it is a complete computer with its own power, packaging and display keyboard, and because its published weight and power figures describe the whole unit. The release date is editorial context for when the Block II configuration entered the program; it is not a figure carried by the cited report, which traces the Block I to Block II change without dating it. Every measurement attached to this system comes from the report.", "region": "United States", "releaseDate": "1966", "slug": "apollo-guidance-computer-block-ii", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19760016247" ], "summary": "The computer that flew Apollo. A 31.7 kg, 70 W machine with 2048 words of erasable memory and 36 864 words of woven read-only rope, carried by both the command module and the lunar module.", "type": "guidance-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-ii-6502", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-ii:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-ii-video", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-ii:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-ii-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-ii-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "apple-ii-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-ii-rom:capacity" ], "notes": "Read-only monitor and Integer BASIC; not included in writable memory.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "ram-unspecified", "label": "Configuration with unspecified RAM", "region": "United States" } ], "description": "The January 1978 manual leaves the fitted RAM amount to the purchased configuration, so this record does not select a capacity. Its 8 KiB monitor and Integer BASIC ROM is named separately and is not writable memory.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "apple-ii", "imageIds": [ "apple-ii-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Apple Computer", "name": "Apple II", "region": "United States", "releaseDate": "1977-06", "slug": "apple-ii", "sourceIds": [ "apple-ii-reference-manual" ], "summary": "A 1.023 MHz 6502 home computer with configuration-dependent motherboard RAM and ROM-resident Integer BASIC.", "type": "home-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-12-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-12:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-12-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-12:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-12-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-12:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "The iPhone 12 carries the A14 Bionic and an Apple-designed GPU. Apple's published specification omits several of those details; the catalog records independently reported figures with their evidence level.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "apple-iphone", "id": "apple-iphone-12", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 12", "notes": "Storage capacities and charging-adapter limits are deliberately not substituted for working memory or whole-system power.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2020-10-23", "slug": "apple-iphone-12", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-12-tech-specs", "itmedia-iphone-12-a14-geekbench", "ifixit-iphone-12-teardown", "phonedb-apple-a14" ], "summary": "Apple A14 Bionic at 2.99 GHz, an Apple-designed 4-core GPU, and 4 GB of RAM.", "type": "smartphone" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-15-pro-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-15-pro:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-15-pro-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-15-pro:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-15-pro-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-15-pro:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "Apple names the A17 Pro and its Apple-designed GPU for the iPhone 15 Pro. The technical specification omits several of those details; the catalog labels independently reported and community-sourced figures by evidence level.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "apple-iphone", "id": "apple-iphone-15-pro", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 15 Pro", "notes": "Storage capacities and charging-adapter limits are deliberately not substituted for working memory or whole-system power.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2023-09-22", "slug": "apple-iphone-15-pro", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-15-pro-tech-specs", "geekbench-iphone-15-pro-result-111108", "macrumors-iphone-15-pro-geekbench-ram", "the-apple-wiki-a17-pro", "cpu-monkey-apple-a17-pro" ], "summary": "Apple A17 Pro at 3.78 GHz, a 6-core GPU, and 8 GB of RAM.", "type": "smartphone" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-17-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-17:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-17-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-17:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-17-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-17:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "The iPhone 17 uses Apple’s A19 rather than the A19 Pro in the iPhone 17 Pro. Apple publishes the chip and core counts. An independent technical analysis reports the clock and memory configuration; the catalog leaves unsupported throughput and power figures empty.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "apple-iphone", "id": "apple-iphone-17", "imageIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-phone" ], "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 17", "notes": "Storage capacities and charging-adapter limits are not substituted for working memory or whole-system power.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2025-09-19", "slug": "apple-iphone-17", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-tech-specs", "notebookcheck-apple-a19" ], "summary": "An A19 phone with a 4.26 GHz CPU, an Apple-designed 5-core GPU, and 8 GB of working memory.", "type": "smartphone" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-17-pro-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-pro:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-17-pro-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-pro:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-17-pro-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-pro:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "The A19 Pro combines its processor, six-core graphics and unified memory in one package. Teardown and benchmark records fill in the clock and memory that Apple's retail specification omits. Published memory-bandwidth and graphics clock figures remain labeled by their weaker evidence.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "apple-iphone", "id": "apple-iphone-17-pro", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 17 Pro", "notes": "Storage capacities and charging-adapter limits are deliberately not substituted for working memory or whole-system power.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2025-09-19", "slug": "apple-iphone-17-pro", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-17-pro-tech-specs", "geekbench-iphone-17-pro-result-69588", "ifixit-iphone-17-pro-chip-id", "notebookcheck-iphone-17-pro-review", "the-apple-wiki-a19-pro", "wikipedia-apple-a19" ], "summary": "An A19 Pro phone with a 4.26 GHz CPU, an Apple-designed 6-core GPU, and 12 GB of LPDDR5X memory.", "type": "smartphone" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "iphone-s5l8900", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-1st-generation:cpu-clock-frequency-independent" ], "notes": "One ARM1176JZF-S core. Apple states no frequency; this one is independently published.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "iphone-mbx-lite", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-1st-generation:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "On the same package as the processor. No frequency has been published for it by anyone.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "iphone-dram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "iphone-dram:capacity" ], "notes": "One pool on the package, shared by the processor and the graphics core.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "iphone-flash", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-1st-generation:storage-capacity-4gb" ], "notes": "Where programs are kept. Thirty-two times the memory the machine runs them in.", "role": "storage", "shared": false } ], "id": "4gb", "label": "4 GB model", "releaseDate": "2007-06-29" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "iphone-s5l8900", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-1st-generation:cpu-clock-frequency-independent" ], "notes": "One ARM1176JZF-S core. Apple states no frequency; this one is independently published.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "iphone-mbx-lite", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-1st-generation:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "On the same package as the processor. No frequency has been published for it by anyone.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "iphone-dram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "iphone-dram:capacity" ], "notes": "One pool on the package, shared by the processor and the graphics core.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "iphone-flash", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-1st-generation:storage-capacity-8gb" ], "notes": "Where programs are kept. Sixty-four times the memory the machine runs them in.", "role": "storage", "shared": false } ], "id": "8gb", "label": "8 GB model", "releaseDate": "2007-06-29" } ], "description": "The first telephone in this catalog is also the first record where the number on the box does not describe the machine's working memory. Apple sold the iPhone as a 4 GB model and an 8 GB model. Both figures are flash storage. The memory used to run programs is 128 MiB, which Apple never mentioned; it appears here because somebody took the phone apart and wrote it down.\n\nApple's two press releases give a price, a capacity, a screen size and a camera, but no processor, frequency or memory. The clock, the core, the graphics part and the memory all come from one independent analysis published two years later. Because it is one analysis rather than two, every figure it supports is provisional. The catalog's rule is a tier A source or two agreeing tier B ones; the vendor's silence does not lower the bar.\n\nThe analysis does not guess. It gives the processor as 412 MHz and says plainly that it does not know the graphics core's frequency. That sentence is the evidence for the graphics clock, and it is the reason there is no figure to give.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "apple-iphone", "id": "apple-iphone-1st-generation", "imageIds": [ "apple-iphone-1st-generation-phone" ], "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone (1st generation)", "notes": "The release date and the hour come from Apple's retail-availability release of 28 June 2007. The 16 GB model added in February 2008 is not recorded: it is a later configuration of the same machine and adds no quantity this record does not already carry. The battery figures Apple publishes, talk time and standby time, are durations under unstated conditions rather than a power draw, so no power figure is recorded for the machine.", "region": "United States", "releaseDate": "2007-06-29", "slug": "apple-iphone-1st-generation", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-retail-launch-2007", "apple-iphone-announcement-2007", "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "summary": "One ARM11 core at 412 MHz, a graphics core with no published frequency, and 128 MiB of memory in a phone sold by its four or eight gigabytes of storage.", "type": "smartphone" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-3gs-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-3gs-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-3gs-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "Apple's specification for the 3GS names the chip and lists what the phone was sold in, and gives no clock, no installed memory and no power rating. Apple has never published those for any iPhone; the figures this catalog holds for the first-generation phone came from a teardown.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "apple-iphone", "id": "apple-iphone-3gs", "imageIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs-phone" ], "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 3GS", "notes": "Flash capacity and charger ratings are recorded as the quantities they are, and never stand in for working memory or whole-system power.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2009-06-19", "slug": "apple-iphone-3gs", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-3gs-tech-specs", "anandtech-iphone-hardware-2009" ], "summary": "The S was for speed. Samsung's S5PC100 and PowerVR SGX535 graphics in the body of the 3G, plus a compass and the first iPhone that could record video.", "type": "smartphone" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-4-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-4:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-4-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-4:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-4-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-4:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "16gb", "label": "16 GB model" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-4-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-4:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-4-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-4:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-4-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-4:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "32gb", "label": "32 GB model" } ], "description": "The stainless frame doubled as the antenna, which is why holding the phone across its lower left corner could drop a call. Apple replaced the plastic back with glass on both faces, and spent the next decade dealing with the consequences.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "apple-iphone", "id": "apple-iphone-4", "imageIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-phone" ], "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 4", "notes": "Flash capacity and charger ratings are recorded as the quantities they are, and never stand in for working memory or whole-system power.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2010-06-24", "slug": "apple-iphone-4", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-4-tech-specs" ], "summary": "Apple's first in-house A4, PowerVR SGX535 graphics, a glass-and-steel body and the Retina display that made pixel density a selling point.", "type": "smartphone" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-5s-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-5s-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-5s-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "16gb", "label": "16 GB model" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-5s-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-5s-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-5s-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "32gb", "label": "32 GB model" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-5s-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-5s-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-5s-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "64gb", "label": "64 GB model" } ], "description": "Moving on word size ahead of the market caught competitors flat, and Qualcomm's answer did not ship until the following year. Touch ID mattered as much commercially: it made a passcode something people would actually set.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "apple-iphone", "id": "apple-iphone-5s", "imageIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-phone" ], "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 5s", "notes": "Flash capacity and charger ratings are recorded as the quantities they are, and never stand in for working memory or whole-system power.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2013-09-20", "slug": "apple-iphone-5s", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-5s-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The A7 doubled the processor's word size, taking phones there a year before the rest of the industry followed. Touch ID and a separate motion coprocessor arrived with it.", "type": "smartphone" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-6s-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-6s-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-6s-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "16gb", "label": "16 GB model" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-6s-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-6s-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-6s-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "32gb", "label": "32 GB model" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-6s-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-6s-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-6s-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "64gb", "label": "64 GB model" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-6s-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-6s-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-6s-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "128gb", "label": "128 GB model" } ], "description": "Pressure sensing was dropped from later phones and replaced with a timed long press, which makes the 6s a rare case of iPhone hardware being removed rather than improved.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "apple-iphone", "id": "apple-iphone-6s", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone 6s", "notes": "Flash capacity and charger ratings are recorded as the quantities they are, and never stand in for working memory or whole-system power.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2015-09-25", "slug": "apple-iphone-6s", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-6s-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The A9 with PowerVR Series7XT graphics, and a display that measured how hard it was pressed. 3D Touch was the headline feature of exactly one generation.", "type": "smartphone" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-x-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-x:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-x-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-x:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-x-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-x:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "64gb", "label": "64 GB model" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-iphone-x-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-x:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-x-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-x:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-iphone-x-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-iphone-x:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "256gb", "label": "256 GB model" } ], "description": "The notch housed the projector and infrared camera that made face recognition work, and set the shape of every iPhone for years afterward. It was also the first iPhone to reach a thousand dollars.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "apple-iphone", "id": "apple-iphone-x", "imageIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-phone" ], "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple iPhone X", "notes": "Flash capacity and charger ratings are recorded as the quantities they are, and never stand in for working memory or whole-system power.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2017-11-03", "slug": "apple-iphone-x", "sourceIds": [ "apple-iphone-x-tech-specs" ], "summary": "The iPhone that lost the home button: an edge-to-edge OLED display, face recognition in place of a fingerprint reader, and the A11 Bionic behind both.", "type": "smartphone" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-m1", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m1:cpu-clock-frequency-performance-cores", "apple-mac-mini-m1:cpu-clock-frequency-efficiency-cores", "apple-mac-mini-m1:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Four performance cores and four efficiency cores with separate clock records.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-m1-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m1:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-m1-unified-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m1:8gb:memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "8gb", "label": "8 GB unified memory" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-m1", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m1:cpu-clock-frequency-performance-cores", "apple-mac-mini-m1:cpu-clock-frequency-efficiency-cores", "apple-mac-mini-m1:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Four performance cores and four efficiency cores with separate clock records.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-m1-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m1:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-m1-unified-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m1:16gb:memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "16gb", "label": "16 GB unified memory" } ], "description": "This record continues a line the catalog has drawn since the Apollo Guidance Computer. The oldest machines here are described almost entirely by time: a memory cycle in microseconds, an addition in milliseconds. Home computers are described by frequency. Consoles add floating-point rates beside the frequency, then stop giving the frequency. The M1 has separate clocks for its performance and efficiency cores, rather than one CPU-wide rate.\n\nApple gives a transistor count, a process node, a core count split into two kinds of core, and a graphics throughput figure. Only the first two are properly comparable with anything else in the catalog. A process node can be displayed, but node names stopped being physical dimensions long before this one, so the metric forbids ratios between them.\n\nThe memory is unified, as the PlayStation 4's is, and fitted at manufacture. Two configurations were sold, 8 GiB and 16 GiB, and neither could be changed afterwards.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "apple-macintosh", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m1", "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple Mac mini (M1, 2020)", "notes": "The release date is the date of the cited announcement. The Neural Engine's 11 trillion operations per second is not recorded: the catalog has no metric for it, the operations are not floating-point, and inventing one for a single record would leave it comparable with nothing. Storage configurations are not recorded either. The catalog had no storage metric when this record was written, and it gained one with the iPhone. Filling this machine's in is a change for whoever next revisits it, not a side effect of another record. No derived claim compares this machine's graphics throughput with the PlayStation 4's because both figures are provisional and they were obtained by different methods. The ratio formula would refuse it twice over.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2020-11", "slug": "apple-mac-mini-m1", "sourceIds": [ "apple-m1-announcement-2020", "apple-mac-mini-m1-tech-specs", "notebookcheck-apple-m1-gpu" ], "summary": "16 000 000 000 transistors on 5 nm, with processor and graphics cores sharing 8 GiB or 16 GiB of unified memory. The computer is rated at 150 W. Its performance and efficiency cores retain separate clock records.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "apple-m4-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m4:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-m4-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m4:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "apple-m4-unified-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m4:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "m4-16gb", "label": "M4, 16 GB unified memory" } ], "description": "The baseline M4 Mac mini records an independently reported base CPU frequency alongside its installed unified memory, published bandwidth and maximum continuous power. The GPU clock and FP32 peak remain provisional third-party claims rather than Apple specifications.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "apple-macintosh", "id": "apple-mac-mini-m4", "imageIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m4-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Apple", "name": "Apple Mac mini (M4, 2024)", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2024-11", "slug": "apple-mac-mini-m4", "sourceIds": [ "apple-mac-mini-m4-tech-specs", "geekbench-mac-mini-m4-result-12154392", "psutil-apple-gpu-frequency-table", "flopper-apple-m4-gpu-spec-sheet" ], "summary": "A 10-core M4 CPU and 10-core GPU with 16 GiB of unified memory and 120 GB/s of published memory bandwidth.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "macintosh-128k-68000", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-macintosh-128k:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "macintosh-128k-video", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "apple-macintosh-128k:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "macintosh-128k-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "macintosh-128k-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Shared with the display subsystem.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "macintosh-128k-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "macintosh-128k-rom:capacity" ], "notes": "Read-only Toolbox ROM.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Original retail Macintosh", "region": "United States" } ], "description": "The compact Macintosh shares its small pool of memory with the monochrome display, so the picture on screen and the program drawing it compete for the same chips. Its Toolbox ROM holds the interface routines and cannot be written to, which is why it is counted apart from working memory.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "apple-macintosh", "id": "apple-macintosh-128k", "imageIds": [ "apple-macintosh-128k-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Apple Computer", "name": "Apple Macintosh 128K", "region": "United States", "releaseDate": "1984-01", "slug": "apple-macintosh-128k", "sourceIds": [ "macintosh-128k-technical-reference", "apple-guide-to-macintosh-family-hardware-1990" ], "summary": "The original Macintosh: a 68000, a built-in monochrome display, and a Toolbox ROM holding the routines that drew the interface.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "atari-2600-6507", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-2600:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "atari-2600-tia", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-2600:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "atari-2600-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-2600-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "atari-2600-cartridge", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-2600:cartridge-storage-capacity" ], "notes": "Removable launch cartridge; storage, not writable system memory.", "role": "storage", "shared": false } ], "id": "ntsc", "label": "NTSC launch configuration", "region": "North America" } ], "description": "Racing the beam is the only way the machine works. There is too little writable memory to hold a screen, so the running program must feed the video chip in step with the scan, which welds a game’s code to the display timing it was written against.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-2600", "imageIds": [ "atari-2600-console" ], "manufacturer": "Atari", "name": "Atari 2600", "region": "United States", "releaseDate": "1977-09", "slug": "atari-2600", "sourceIds": [ "atari-2600-stella-programming-guide" ], "summary": "A 6507 console with no frame buffer. The running program builds each scanline as the beam draws it, so the picture is composed in real time by the processor itself.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "atari-520st-68000", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-520st:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "atari-520st-shifter", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-520st:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "atari-520st-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-520st-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "atari-520st-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-520st-rom:capacity" ], "notes": "Read-only TOS ROM.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "retail", "label": "520ST retail configuration" } ], "description": "The 520ST has writable main RAM and read-only TOS firmware. Keeping each as a component makes the 512 KiB whole-system figure a transparent sum rather than an unexplained convention.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-520st", "imageIds": [ "atari-520st-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Atari", "name": "Atari 520ST", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1985-06", "slug": "atari-520st", "sourceIds": [ "atari-st-field-service-manual" ], "summary": "An 8 MHz 68000 personal computer with 512 KiB RAM, TOS ROM and the SHIFTER display subsystem.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "atari-800-6502", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-800:ntsc:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "atari-800-antic-gtia", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-800:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "atari-800-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-800-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "atari-800-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-800-rom:capacity" ], "notes": "Read-only operating-system ROM.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "ntsc-48k", "label": "NTSC, 48 KiB RAM", "region": "North America" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "atari-800-6502", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-800:pal:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "atari-800-antic-gtia", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-800:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "atari-800-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-800-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "atari-800-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "atari-800-rom:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "pal-48k", "label": "PAL, 48 KiB RAM", "region": "Europe" } ], "description": "PAL and NTSC are configurations of the same Atari 800, not different systems. The record retains their distinct CPU clocks while keeping RAM and ROM as separate memory roles; only writable RAM enters the whole-system total.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "atari-800", "imageIds": [ "atari-800-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Atari", "name": "Atari 800", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1979-11", "slug": "atari-800", "sourceIds": [ "atari-800-technical-reference-notes" ], "summary": "An Atari 8 bit computer whose 6502 clock follows PAL or NTSC video timing.", "type": "home-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "ati-r300", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "ati-r300:clock-frequency-base" ], "notes": "Reference-card graphics clock.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ati-radeon-9700-pro-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "ati-radeon-9700-pro-memory:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference-card", "label": "Reference card", "releaseDate": "2002-08" } ], "description": "The R300 arrived with a fully programmable shader pipeline and reached DirectX 9 months ahead of NVIDIA. It is the generation ATI spent in front.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "radeon", "id": "ati-radeon-9700-pro", "manufacturer": "ATI Technologies", "name": "ATI Radeon 9700 Pro", "notes": "This accelerator’s whole-system memory is its fitted frame buffer; host memory is excluded. Partner cards may differ from this reference configuration.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2002-08", "slug": "ati-radeon-9700-pro", "sourceIds": [ "ati-radeon-9700-pro-product-brief" ], "summary": "ATI Radeon 9700 Pro: 128 MiB of DDR SDRAM, 19.8 GB/s peak bandwidth, and no published FP32 peak.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "bbc-micro-6502", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "bbc-micro-model-b:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "bbc-micro-video-ula", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "bbc-micro-model-b:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "bbc-micro-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "bbc-micro-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "bbc-micro-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "bbc-micro-rom:capacity" ], "notes": "Read-only MOS and BASIC firmware.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail Model B", "region": "United Kingdom" } ], "description": "The Model B's writable RAM and its MOS/BASIC ROM are both addressable system stores, but only the former belongs in the whole-system memory sum.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "bbc-micro-model-b", "imageIds": [ "bbc-micro-model-b-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Acorn Computers", "name": "BBC Micro Model B", "region": "United Kingdom", "releaseDate": "1981-12", "slug": "bbc-micro-model-b", "sourceIds": [ "bbc-micro-service-manual", "bbc-micro-information-sheet" ], "summary": "A 2 MHz 6502 home computer with 32 KiB RAM and the BBC Micro MOS/BASIC in ROM.", "type": "home-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "mos-6510", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "commodore-64:pal:clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Derived from the PAL video timing, not from a processor speed grade.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "mos-vic-ii", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [], "notes": "6569 in PAL machines. Master of the system clock.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "c64-system-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "c64-system-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Shared with the video chip, which steals bus cycles during raster fetches.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "c64-system-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "c64-system-rom:capacity" ], "notes": "Banked over the RAM rather than added to it.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "pal", "label": "PAL", "region": "Europe" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "mos-6510", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "commodore-64:ntsc:clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Derived from the NTSC video timing.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "mos-vic-ii", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "commodore-64:ntsc:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "6567 in NTSC machines, with multiplexed addresses for dynamic RAM.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "c64-system-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "c64-system-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "c64-system-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "c64-system-rom:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "ntsc", "label": "NTSC", "region": "North America" } ], "description": "A clock rate alone does not describe the Commodore 64. Its 6510 runs at whatever the video standard leaves it: 0.98525 MHz on PAL machines and 1.02273 MHz on NTSC ones. The VIC-II derives the system clock from the television color subcarrier. The two variants are the same computer running at slightly different speeds, and neither figure is a round megahertz. Memory is more subtle still: there are 64 KiB of RAM, 20 KiB of ROM and a 4 KiB I/O window, all inside one sixteen-bit address space, banked over each other through a port on the processor itself. Adding those capacities together would describe a machine that does not exist. Sound comes from the 6581 SID, which is not recorded as a component here because the catalog models processors, graphics and memory only.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "commodore-64", "imageIds": [ "commodore-64-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Commodore Business Machines", "name": "Commodore 64", "notes": "The release date is editorial context; the cited manual documents the machine without dating its launch. Every measurement attached to this system comes from that manual.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1982-08", "slug": "commodore-64", "sourceIds": [ "c64-programmers-reference-guide" ], "summary": "The best-selling home computer ever made: a 6510 at roughly 0.98525 MHz with 64 KiB of RAM, a video chip that doubles as the system clock master, and the SID sound chip.", "type": "home-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "gba-arm7tdmi", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "game-boy-advance:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "gba-ppu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "game-boy-advance:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "gba-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "gba-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "gba-video-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "gba-video-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Sits inside the system on a chip alongside the picture processor, separate from the two work-RAM banks.", "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Original retail handheld" } ], "description": "The GBA carries a second, older processor alongside the ARM, so Game Boy cartridges run on the silicon they were written for. The compatibility is in the hardware, and a Game Boy game is not being emulated when it runs here.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "nintendo-handheld", "id": "game-boy-advance", "imageIds": [ "game-boy-advance-handheld" ], "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Game Boy Advance", "notes": "Game Pak ROM is removable storage and remains outside whole-system writable memory.", "region": "Japan", "releaseDate": "2001-03", "slug": "game-boy-advance", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-advance-technical-manual" ], "summary": "An ARM7TDMI handheld that kept the Game Boy's tile and sprite hardware and added bitmap modes, so it could run its predecessor's cartridges as well as its own.", "type": "handheld" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "ibm-pc-5150-8088", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "ibm-pc-5150:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ibm-pc-5150-video", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "ibm-pc-5150:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Representative display-adapter option; the system board has no fixed GPU.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ibm-pc-5150-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "ibm-pc-5150-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ibm-pc-5150-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "ibm-pc-5150-rom:capacity" ], "notes": "Read-only BIOS and Cassette BASIC ROM.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "base-16k", "label": "Original 16 KiB base configuration", "region": "United States" } ], "description": "The 5150's BIOS and Cassette BASIC live in ROM, so the record keeps the read-only capacity separate from base RAM and excludes it from whole-system writable memory.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "ibm-pc-5150", "imageIds": [ "ibm-pc-5150-computer" ], "manufacturer": "IBM", "name": "IBM Personal Computer 5150", "region": "United States", "releaseDate": "1981-08", "slug": "ibm-pc-5150", "sourceIds": [ "ibm-pc-technical-reference" ], "summary": "IBM's original PC: an 8088 at 4.77 MHz and a selected 16 KiB base-memory configuration.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "intel-80286", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-80286:clock-frequency", "intel-80286:peak-clock" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "pc-display-adapter", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "pc-display-adapter:clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "pc-early-dram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-80286-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference", "label": "12.5 MHz reference configuration" } ], "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "reference-pc", "id": "intel-80286-pc", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "name": "Intel 80286 PC", "notes": "This entry has no photograph, and that is a decision rather than a gap: it describes a processor in a typical machine of its era rather than a model anybody sold, so there is no object to photograph. A picture of some particular case would attach a claim about that computer to a record which deliberately makes none.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1982", "slug": "intel-80286-pc", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation", "intel-80286-datasheet", "intel-80286-80287-programmers-reference-manual" ], "summary": "A representative 12.5 MHz 80286 desktop configuration with 512 KiB of DRAM and a period display adapter.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "intel-80386dx", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-80386dx:clock-frequency", "intel-80386dx:peak-clock" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "vga-compatible-adapter", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "vga-compatible-adapter:clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "pc-32bit-dram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-80386dx-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference", "label": "25 MHz reference configuration" } ], "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "reference-pc", "id": "intel-80386dx-pc", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "name": "Intel 80386DX PC", "notes": "This entry has no photograph, and that is a decision rather than a gap: it describes a processor in a typical machine of its era rather than a model anybody sold, so there is no object to photograph. A picture of some particular case would attach a claim about that computer to a record which deliberately makes none.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1985", "slug": "intel-80386dx-pc", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "A representative 25 MHz 80386DX desktop configuration with 4 MiB of DRAM and VGA-compatible graphics.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "intel-80486dx", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-80486dx:clock-frequency", "intel-80486dx:peak-clock" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "vga-compatible-adapter", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "vga-compatible-adapter:clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "pc-32bit-dram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-80486dx-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference", "label": "33 MHz reference configuration" } ], "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "reference-pc", "id": "intel-80486dx-pc", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "name": "Intel 80486DX PC", "notes": "This entry has no photograph, and that is a decision rather than a gap: it describes a processor in a typical machine of its era rather than a model anybody sold, so there is no object to photograph. A picture of some particular case would attach a claim about that computer to a record which deliberately makes none.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1989", "slug": "intel-80486dx-pc", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "A representative 33 MHz 80486DX desktop configuration with 8 MiB of DRAM and VGA-compatible graphics.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "intel-8086", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-8086:clock-frequency", "intel-8086:peak-clock" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "pc-display-adapter", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "pc-display-adapter:clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "pc-early-dram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-8086-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference", "label": "5 MHz reference configuration" } ], "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "reference-pc", "id": "intel-8086-pc", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "name": "Intel 8086 PC", "notes": "This entry has no photograph, and that is a decision rather than a gap: it describes a processor in a typical machine of its era rather than a model anybody sold, so there is no object to photograph. A picture of some particular case would attach a claim about that computer to a record which deliberately makes none.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1978", "slug": "intel-8086-pc", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "A representative 5 MHz 8086 desktop configuration with 256 KiB of DRAM and a period display adapter.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-core-2-duo-e6600:clock-frequency", "intel-core-2-duo-e6600:peak-clock" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "intel-integrated-graphics", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-integrated-graphics:clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "pc-ddr-sdram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-core-2-duo-e6600-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "reference", "label": "Reference configuration with unresolved clock and RAM" } ], "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "reference-pc", "id": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600-pc", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "name": "Intel Core 2 Duo E6600 PC", "notes": "This entry has no photograph, and that is a decision rather than a gap: it describes a processor in a typical machine of its era rather than a model anybody sold, so there is no object to photograph. A picture of some particular case would attach a claim about that computer to a record which deliberately makes none.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2006-07", "slug": "intel-core-2-duo-e6600-pc", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "A representative Core 2 Duo E6600 desktop configuration with integrated graphics; Intel's surviving family table does not fix an E6600-specific clock or fitted RAM capacity.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "intel-core-i7-2600k", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k:clock-frequency", "intel-core-i7-2600k:peak-clock" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "intel-integrated-graphics", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-integrated-graphics:clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "pc-ddr-sdram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "reference", "label": "3.40 GHz base / 3.80 GHz turbo reference configuration" } ], "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "reference-pc", "id": "intel-core-i7-2600k-pc", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "name": "Intel Core i7-2600K PC", "notes": "This entry has no photograph, and that is a decision rather than a gap: it describes a processor in a typical machine of its era rather than a model anybody sold, so there is no object to photograph. A picture of some particular case would attach a claim about that computer to a record which deliberately makes none.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2011-01", "slug": "intel-core-i7-2600k-pc", "sourceIds": [ "intel-core-i7-2600k-specifications" ], "summary": "A representative Core i7-2600K desktop configuration with 8 GiB of DDR3 SDRAM and Intel HD Graphics 3000.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "intel-core-i9-14900k", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-core-i9-14900k:clock-frequency", "intel-core-i9-14900k:peak-clock" ], "notes": "P-core base frequency; the E-core base frequency is 2.4 GHz.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "intel-integrated-graphics", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-integrated-graphics:clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "pc-ddr5-sdram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-core-i9-14900k-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "reference", "label": "P-core 3.2 GHz base / 6.0 GHz turbo reference configuration" } ], "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "reference-pc", "id": "intel-core-i9-14900k-pc", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "name": "Intel Core i9-14900K PC", "notes": "This entry has no photograph, and that is a decision rather than a gap: it describes a processor in a typical machine of its era rather than a model anybody sold, so there is no object to photograph. A picture of some particular case would attach a claim about that computer to a record which deliberately makes none.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2023-10", "slug": "intel-core-i9-14900k-pc", "sourceIds": [ "intel-desktop-processor-reference" ], "summary": "A representative Core i9-14900K desktop configuration with 32 GiB of DDR5 SDRAM and integrated UHD Graphics 770.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "intel-pentium-4", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-pentium-4:clock-frequency", "intel-pentium-4:peak-clock" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "vga-compatible-adapter", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "vga-compatible-adapter:clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "pc-ddr-sdram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-pentium-4-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference", "label": "3.0 GHz reference configuration" } ], "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "reference-pc", "id": "intel-pentium-4-pc", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "name": "Intel Pentium 4 PC", "notes": "This entry has no photograph, and that is a decision rather than a gap: it describes a processor in a typical machine of its era rather than a model anybody sold, so there is no object to photograph. A picture of some particular case would attach a claim about that computer to a record which deliberately makes none.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2002", "slug": "intel-pentium-4-pc", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "A representative 3.0 GHz Pentium 4 desktop configuration with 512 MiB of DDR SDRAM and VGA-compatible graphics.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "intel-pentium-ii", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-pentium-ii:clock-frequency", "intel-pentium-ii:peak-clock" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "vga-compatible-adapter", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "vga-compatible-adapter:clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "pc-sdram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-pentium-ii-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference", "label": "300 MHz reference configuration" } ], "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "reference-pc", "id": "intel-pentium-ii-pc", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "name": "Intel Pentium II PC", "notes": "This entry has no photograph, and that is a decision rather than a gap: it describes a processor in a typical machine of its era rather than a model anybody sold, so there is no object to photograph. A picture of some particular case would attach a claim about that computer to a record which deliberately makes none.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1997", "slug": "intel-pentium-ii-pc", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "A representative 300 MHz Pentium II desktop configuration with 64 MiB of SDRAM and VGA-compatible graphics.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "intel-pentium", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-pentium:clock-frequency", "intel-pentium:peak-clock" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "vga-compatible-adapter", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "vga-compatible-adapter:clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "pc-sdram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "intel-pentium-pc:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference", "label": "100 MHz reference configuration" } ], "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "reference-pc", "id": "intel-pentium-pc", "manufacturer": "PC industry", "name": "Intel Pentium PC", "notes": "This entry has no photograph, and that is a decision rather than a gap: it describes a processor in a typical machine of its era rather than a model anybody sold, so there is no object to photograph. A picture of some particular case would attach a claim about that computer to a record which deliberately makes none.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1993", "slug": "intel-pentium-pc", "sourceIds": [ "intel-historical-x86-documentation" ], "summary": "A representative 100 MHz Pentium desktop configuration with 16 MiB of SDRAM and VGA-compatible graphics.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "microsoft-xbox-pentium-iii", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox:retail:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "microsoft-xbox-nv2a", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox:retail:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "microsoft-xbox-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-ram:capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "This record keeps processor, graphics and installed memory as distinct components so that their quantities retain their own meaning.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "microsoft-xbox", "id": "microsoft-xbox", "imageIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-console" ], "manufacturer": "Microsoft", "name": "Microsoft Xbox", "region": "North America", "releaseDate": "2001-11", "slug": "microsoft-xbox", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-hardware-specification" ], "summary": "Microsoft Xbox, represented with its retail processor, graphics and installed writable memory.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "microsoft-xbox-360-xenon", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360:retail:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "microsoft-xbox-360-xenos", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360:retail:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "microsoft-xbox-360-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360-ram:capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "The vendor’s headline “TFLOPS” combines processors that execute different operation types and precisions. It is intentionally not represented as a floating-point measurement.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "microsoft-xbox", "id": "microsoft-xbox-360", "imageIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360-console" ], "manufacturer": "Microsoft", "name": "Microsoft Xbox 360", "region": "North America", "releaseDate": "2005-11", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-360", "sourceIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-360-hardware-overview" ], "summary": "Microsoft Xbox 360, represented with its retail processor, graphics and installed writable memory.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "microsoft-xbox-one-jaguar", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-one:retail:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "microsoft-xbox-one-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-one:retail:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "microsoft-xbox-one-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-one-ram:capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "The Xbox One keeps its Jaguar processor, graphics hardware and installed memory as distinct components, so each measurement retains its own scope.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "microsoft-xbox", "id": "microsoft-xbox-one", "imageIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-one-console" ], "manufacturer": "Microsoft", "name": "Microsoft Xbox One", "region": "North America", "releaseDate": "2013-11", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-one", "sourceIds": [ "digitalfoundry-xbox-one-clocks-2013", "computerbase-xbox-one-test", "hot-chips-25-xbox-one-soc" ], "summary": "Microsoft Xbox One, represented with its retail processor, graphics and installed writable memory.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "microsoft-xbox-series-x-zen-2", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-series-x:retail:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "microsoft-xbox-series-x-rdna2", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-series-x:retail:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "microsoft-xbox-series-x-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-series-x-ram:capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "The Series X links its Zen 2 processor, RDNA 2 graphics, and installed memory separately, preserving the scope of each hardware measurement.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "microsoft-xbox", "id": "microsoft-xbox-series-x", "imageIds": [ "microsoft-xbox-series-x-console" ], "manufacturer": "Microsoft", "name": "Microsoft Xbox Series X", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2020-11", "slug": "microsoft-xbox-series-x", "sourceIds": [ "xbox-wire-series-x-tech-2020" ], "summary": "Microsoft Xbox Series X, represented with its retail processor, graphics and installed writable memory.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "msx-z80a", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "msx:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "msx-vdp", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "msx:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "msx-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "msx-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "msx-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "msx-rom:capacity" ], "notes": "Read-only BIOS and BASIC ROM.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "msx1-64k", "label": "MSX1, 64 KiB RAM" } ], "description": "MSX tried to do for home computers what a common cassette format had done for audio, so that software bought for one maker’s machine would run on another’s. It held that promise in Japan, where the line stayed in production for years, and made little impression in most of North America.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "msx", "imageIds": [ "msx-computer" ], "manufacturer": "MSX standard", "name": "MSX", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1983", "slug": "msx", "sourceIds": [ "msx-technical-data-book" ], "summary": "A standard rather than one maker’s machine: Microsoft and ASCII specified a Z80A, a TMS9918A-compatible video processor and ROM-resident BASIC, and manufacturers across Japan and Europe built to it.", "type": "home-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "pc-engine-huc6280", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nec-pc-engine:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "pc-engine-vdc", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nec-pc-engine:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "pc-engine-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "pc-engine-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "pc-engine-video-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "pc-engine-video-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Attached to the HuC6270; the processor reaches it through the display controller's address and data registers.", "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "japan", "label": "Japanese retail console", "region": "Japan" } ], "description": "NEC and Hudson Soft divided the work, Hudson designing the processor and video hardware and NEC building and selling the machine. It sits awkwardly between console generations, pairing a processor from the earlier one with graphics that outclassed everything sold beside it.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "nec-pc-engine", "imageIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-console" ], "manufacturer": "NEC Home Electronics", "name": "NEC PC Engine", "notes": "HuCards are removable program storage and excluded from the memory total.", "region": "Japan", "releaseDate": "1987-10", "slug": "nec-pc-engine", "sourceIds": [ "nec-pc-engine-technical-manual" ], "summary": "A HuC6280 console with a tile-and-sprite video chip, built small enough to sit in one hand and loading games from credit-card-sized HuCards.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "n64-r4300", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-64:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "The programming manual states a round 94 MHz.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "n64-rcp", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-64:rcp-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Provisional; see the measurement record for why this figure is not yet accepted.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "n64-rdram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "n64-rdram:capacity" ], "notes": "Used in parallel by the CPU, the RSP, the RDP and the I/O interfaces.", "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail console" } ], "description": "The Nintendo 64 differs from the PlayStation in two architectural respects. Its memory is unified: one RDRAM pool is used in parallel by the CPU, the RSP microcode engine, the RDP graphics pipeline and the I/O interfaces. The PlayStation keeps 2 MiB of main memory and 1 MiB of video memory in separate pools connected only by DMA. Its geometry stage is also programmable. The RSP runs microcode, so software rather than fixed silicon determines what the machine does with a triangle.\n\nThose choices make the capacity figures harder to compare than they look. Four megabytes shared between everything is not four megabytes of system memory, and the machine that has to hold textures in the same pool as game state makes a different trade from one with a dedicated frame buffer.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "nintendo-home-console", "id": "nintendo-64", "imageIds": [ "nintendo-64-console" ], "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Nintendo 64", "notes": "The release date is editorial context; the cited manual is an October 1996 draft and does not date the launch. The scan of that manual is badly degraded, so no RDRAM clock or bandwidth figure is recorded: the clock-speed list gives an RDRAM entry that can only be reconstructed from the letterforms, and a figure that has to be guessed at is not published. The Expansion Pak that doubles main memory to 8 MiB is not recorded either, for want of a citation in this document.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1996-06", "slug": "nintendo-64", "sourceIds": [ "n64-programming-manual" ], "summary": "A 94 MHz R4300 beside the Reality Coprocessor, with 4 MiB of RDRAM shared between processor, geometry engine and rasterizer rather than split into system and video memory.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nintendo-ds-arm9", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-ds:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "The ARM7 companion is a separate processor and is not represented by a summed frequency.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-ds-2d", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-ds:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-ds-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-ds-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Original retail handheld" } ], "description": "Nintendo introduced the DS as a third line beside the Game Boy rather than its replacement, and hedged by fitting a Game Boy Advance cartridge slot and the processor needed to use it. The hedge stopped being necessary quickly.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "nintendo-handheld", "id": "nintendo-ds", "imageIds": [ "nintendo-ds-handheld" ], "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Nintendo DS", "notes": "Nintendo DS Game Card ROM is removable storage, excluded from whole-system working memory.", "region": "North America", "releaseDate": "2004-11", "slug": "nintendo-ds", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-ds-technical-reference" ], "summary": "A handheld with two screens, the lower one a touch panel, plus a microphone and a wireless radio. Its display engines draw tiles and sprites in the manner of the Game Boy Advance.", "type": "handheld" }, { "aliases": [ "NES" ], "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nes-2a03", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-entertainment-system:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nes-ppu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-entertainment-system:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nes-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nes-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nes-video-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nes-video-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Attached to the picture processor; the CPU reaches it only through the PPU ports.", "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "ntsc", "label": "NTSC retail console", "region": "North America" } ], "description": "This is the North American retail NES configuration, built around Nintendo's 2A03 and its separate picture processor. It belongs here as the console that carried Nintendo's cartridge hardware into the North American home market.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "nintendo-home-console", "id": "nintendo-entertainment-system", "imageIds": [ "nintendo-entertainment-system-console" ], "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Nintendo Entertainment System", "notes": "Cartridge ROM is removable storage and is excluded from every whole-system memory total in this catalog.", "region": "North America", "releaseDate": "1985-10", "slug": "nintendo-entertainment-system", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-nes-tech-specs" ], "summary": "An NTSC 1.66 MHz 2A03 with 2 KiB work RAM and a tile-and-sprite PPU.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "game-boy-lr35902", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-game-boy:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "game-boy-ppu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-game-boy:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "game-boy-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "game-boy-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Original retail handheld" } ], "description": "This entry covers Nintendo's original Game Boy retail handheld. Its compact monochrome design made a useful baseline for the later portable systems in this catalog.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "nintendo-handheld", "id": "nintendo-game-boy", "imageIds": [ "nintendo-game-boy-handheld" ], "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Nintendo Game Boy", "notes": "Game Pak ROM is removable storage and is not included in writable memory.", "region": "Japan", "releaseDate": "1989-04", "slug": "nintendo-game-boy", "sourceIds": [ "game-boy-cpu-manual" ], "summary": "A 1.05 MHz handheld with 8192 B work RAM and a monochrome tile-and-sprite LCD controller.", "type": "handheld" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nintendo-gamecube-gekko", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube:retail:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-gamecube-flipper", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube:retail:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-gamecube-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-gamecube-sound-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-sound-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Dedicated to audio, and separate from the main 24 MiB.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "The GameCube record separates the Gekko processor, Flipper graphics, and installed memory, so a clock or capacity does not become a console-wide claim.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "nintendo-home-console", "id": "nintendo-gamecube", "imageIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-console" ], "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Nintendo GameCube", "region": "Japan", "releaseDate": "2001-09", "slug": "nintendo-gamecube", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-gamecube-tech-specs" ], "summary": "Nintendo GameCube, represented with its retail processor, graphics and installed writable memory.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nintendo-switch-tegra-x1-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-switch:docked:cpu-clock-frequency-independent" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-switch-tegra-x1-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-switch:docked:gpu-clock-frequency-independent" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-switch-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-switch-ram:capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "docked", "label": "Docked mode", "notes": "The dock permits the GPU’s 768 MHz operating point." }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nintendo-switch-tegra-x1-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-switch:handheld:cpu-clock-frequency-independent" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-switch-tegra-x1-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-switch:handheld:gpu-clock-frequency-independent" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-switch-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-switch-ram:capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "handheld", "label": "Handheld mode", "notes": "The handheld power envelope uses a lower 307.2 MHz GPU operating point." } ], "description": "Docked and handheld operation are separate configurations. Their different GPU rates are not silently collapsed into one nominal clock. Nintendo publishes neither rate, nor any frequency at all: the figures here are independent reporting, and the catalog records the vendor's silence beside them rather than instead of them.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "nintendo-home-console", "id": "nintendo-switch", "imageIds": [ "nintendo-switch-console" ], "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Nintendo Switch", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2017-03", "slug": "nintendo-switch", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-switch-tech-specs", "digitalfoundry-switch-clocks-2016", "computerbase-switch-test" ], "summary": "Nintendo Switch, represented with its retail processor, graphics and installed writable memory.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nvidia-t239-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-switch-2:docked:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nvidia-t239-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-switch-2:docked:gpu-clock-frequency", "nintendo-switch-2:docked:peak-fp32-rate" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-switch-2-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-switch-2:whole-system-memory-capacity", "nintendo-switch-2:docked:whole-system-memory-bandwidth" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "docked", "label": "Docked mode" } ], "description": "Nintendo identifies a custom NVIDIA processor but does not publish the chip's detailed clocks or memory interface. Independent hardware reporting supplies those values, labeled reported; the record does not confuse the dock's power supply rating with a console power rating.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "nintendo-home-console", "id": "nintendo-switch-2", "imageIds": [ "nintendo-switch-2-console" ], "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Nintendo Switch 2", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2025-06-05", "slug": "nintendo-switch-2", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-switch-2-tech-specs", "techpowerup-switch-2-specs" ], "summary": "Nintendo's 2025 hybrid console, represented in docked mode with a custom NVIDIA processor, 3.072 TFLOP/s of GPU peak FP32 throughput, and 12 GB of unified memory.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nintendo-wii-broadway", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-wii:retail:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-wii-hollywood", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-wii:retail:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-wii-mem1", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-wii-mem1:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-wii-mem2", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-wii-mem2:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "The Wii record links Broadway, Hollywood, and installed memory as separate components, preserving the scope of each published hardware figure.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "nintendo-home-console", "id": "nintendo-wii", "imageIds": [ "nintendo-wii-console" ], "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Nintendo Wii", "region": "North America", "releaseDate": "2006-11", "slug": "nintendo-wii", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-hardware-overview" ], "summary": "Nintendo Wii, represented with its retail processor, graphics and installed writable memory.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nintendo-wii-u-espresso", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u:retail:cpu-clock-frequency-independent" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-wii-u-latte", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u:retail:gpu-clock-frequency-independent" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nintendo-wii-u-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u-ram:capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "This record keeps processor, graphics and installed memory as distinct components so that their quantities retain their own meaning. Nintendo published no frequency and no memory capacity for this console; the figures here are independent reporting, recorded beside the vendor's silence rather than instead of it.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "nintendo-home-console", "id": "nintendo-wii-u", "imageIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u-console" ], "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Nintendo Wii U", "region": "North America", "releaseDate": "2012-11", "slug": "nintendo-wii-u", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-wii-u-tech-specs", "digitalfoundry-wii-u-clocks-2012", "digitalfoundry-wii-u-review" ], "summary": "Nintendo Wii U, represented with its retail processor, graphics and installed writable memory.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nvidia-nv10", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-nv10:clock-frequency-base", "nvidia-nv10:peak-fp32-rate", "nvidia-nv10:pixel-fill-rate", "nvidia-nv10:texel-fill-rate" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nvidia-geforce-256-sdr-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-256:sdr-32mb:memory-capacity", "nvidia-geforce-256:sdr-32mb:memory-bandwidth", "nvidia-geforce-256:sdr-32mb:whole-system-memory-bandwidth" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "sdr-32mb", "label": "SDR 32 MiB reference card", "releaseDate": "1999-10" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nvidia-nv10", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-nv10:clock-frequency-base", "nvidia-nv10:peak-fp32-rate", "nvidia-nv10:pixel-fill-rate", "nvidia-nv10:texel-fill-rate" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nvidia-geforce-256-ddr-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-256:ddr-32mb:memory-capacity", "nvidia-geforce-256:ddr-32mb:memory-bandwidth", "nvidia-geforce-256:ddr-32mb:whole-system-memory-bandwidth" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "ddr-32mb", "label": "DDR 32 MiB reference card", "releaseDate": "1999-12" } ], "description": "NVIDIA sold the GeForce 256 as the first GPU, on the strength of moving transform and lighting off the processor and onto the card. The marketing word outlasted the argument it was coined for, but the shift underneath it held: geometry work that had belonged to the CPU now ran beside rasterization.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "nvidia-geforce", "id": "nvidia-geforce-256", "imageIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-256-card" ], "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce 256", "notes": "NVIDIA released SDR and DDR reference configurations. Later partner cards with more frame-buffer memory are outside this record.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1999-10", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-256", "sourceIds": [ "visiontek-geforce-256-agp-product-brief", "wikipedia-geforce-256-specifications" ], "summary": "The card NVIDIA sold as the first GPU, moving transform and lighting off the processor and onto the board. It shipped first with SDR memory and later with DDR.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nvidia-nv40", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-nv40:clock-frequency-base" ], "notes": "NVIDIA GPU Gems 2 / 2005 configuration, not an April 2004 launch-reference clock.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-memory:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference-card", "label": "Reference card", "releaseDate": "2004-04" } ], "description": "NVIDIA's 2005 architecture chapter documents its clock and memory interface, not the April 2004 reference-card capacity or a board-power rating. The catalog does not turn its pipeline description into a FLOPS figure.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "nvidia-geforce", "id": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra", "imageIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-card" ], "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce 6800 Ultra", "notes": "The cited chapter documents a 2005 configuration. It does not establish the April 2004 reference-card memory capacity.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2004-04", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-6800-ultra-whitepaper" ], "summary": "A 2005 NVIDIA configuration with a 425 MHz graphics clock and about 35 GB/s peak memory bandwidth.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nvidia-g80", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-g80:clock-frequency-base" ], "notes": "Reference-card graphics clock.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-memory:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference-card", "label": "Reference card", "releaseDate": "2006-11" } ], "description": "The G80 replaced separate pixel and vertex units with a single pool of general-purpose shaders. That is what made the card programmable enough for general computation, and CUDA followed within a year.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "nvidia-geforce", "id": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce 8800 GTX", "notes": "This accelerator’s whole-system memory is its fitted frame buffer; host memory is excluded. Partner cards may differ from this reference configuration.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2006-11", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-8800-gtx-product-brief", "fau-geforce-8800-gtx-cuda-comparison" ], "summary": "NVIDIA GeForce 8800 GTX: 768 MiB of GDDR3, 86.4 GB/s peak bandwidth, and 518 GFLOP/s FP32.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nvidia-gp104", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-gp104:clock-frequency-base", "nvidia-gp104:clock-frequency-boost" ], "notes": "The base clock. The card also states a 1733 MHz boost clock, which is a separate figure.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nvidia-gtx-1080-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-memory:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "founders-edition", "label": "Reference card", "releaseDate": "2016-05" } ], "description": "The first card here sold for installation in a personal computer. The H100 is an accelerator with no operating system or input. This card does the same job for people playing games, so it is also recorded as an accelerator. The host it plugs into is not this record.\n\nNine years separate it from the GeForce RTX 5090. Both cards are NVIDIA's, and both state a single-precision peak, a memory bandwidth and a board power. The catalog can therefore calculate ratios for the first two quantities across the decade.\n\nNVIDIA states two clocks for this card, and they are two quantities: 1607 MHz is what it is specified to hold, while 1733 MHz is what it reaches when there is headroom. They belong to two comparability groups, so a boost clock cannot be compared with the Commodore 64's crystal-derived clock.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "nvidia-geforce", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-1080", "imageIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-1080-cards" ], "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080", "notes": "The release date is the date of the cited launch article. The configuration is labeled a reference card on editorial grounds: NVIDIA's table describes the card it built, and partner boards ship with clocks of their own that this record does not cover. The texel fill rate is not recorded because the catalog has no metric for it. The recommended system power is also excluded because it describes a computer this record does not contain.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2016-05", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-1080", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-gtx-1080-deep-dive-2016", "nvidia-gtx-1080-whitepaper" ], "summary": "2,560 single-precision cores at 1607 MHz, 8,873 GFLOPS at the 1733 MHz boost clock, 8 GiB of GDDR5X at 320 GB/s, and 180 W.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nvidia-gf110", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-gf110:clock-frequency-base" ], "notes": "Reference-card graphics clock.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-memory:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference-card", "label": "Reference card", "releaseDate": "2010-11" } ], "description": "NVIDIA's surviving launch table supplies clocks, memory and bandwidth. It does not state an explicitly labelled FP32 peak or a numeric board-power rating.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "nvidia-geforce", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580", "imageIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-card" ], "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 580", "notes": "This accelerator’s whole-system memory is its fitted frame buffer; host memory is excluded. Partner cards may differ from this reference configuration.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2010-11", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-580-product-brief" ], "summary": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 580: 1536 MiB of GDDR5 and 192.4 GB/s peak bandwidth.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nvidia-gk110b", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-gk110b:clock-frequency-base", "nvidia-gk110b:clock-frequency-boost" ], "notes": "The lower declared clock; the separately named upper clock is recorded as a peak-clock measurement.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-memory:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference-card", "label": "Reference card", "releaseDate": "2013-11" } ], "description": "NVIDIA's reference-card specification page supplies clocks, memory, bandwidth and board power. It does not state an explicitly labelled FP32 peak.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "nvidia-geforce", "id": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780 Ti", "notes": "This accelerator’s whole-system memory is its fitted frame buffer; host memory is excluded. Partner cards may differ from this reference configuration.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2013-11", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-gtx-780-ti-product-brief" ], "summary": "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780 Ti: 3 GiB of GDDR5, 336 GB/s peak bandwidth, and 250 W graphics card power.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nvidia-tu102", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-tu102:clock-frequency-base", "nvidia-tu102:clock-frequency-boost" ], "notes": "The lower declared clock; the separately named upper clock is recorded as a peak-clock measurement.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-memory:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference-card", "label": "Reference card", "releaseDate": "2018-09" } ], "description": "A reference graphics accelerator whose general-shader FP32 peak, memory bandwidth and power are kept as distinct measurements.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "nvidia-geforce", "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti", "notes": "This accelerator’s whole-system memory is its fitted frame buffer; host memory is excluded. Partner cards may differ from this reference configuration.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2018-09", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-product-specifications" ], "summary": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti: 11 GiB of GDDR6, 616 GB/s peak bandwidth, and 13.45 TFLOP/s FP32.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nvidia-ad102", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-ad102:clock-frequency-base", "nvidia-ad102:clock-frequency-boost" ], "notes": "The lower declared clock; the separately named upper clock is recorded as a peak-clock measurement.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-memory:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "reference-card", "label": "Reference card", "releaseDate": "2022-10" } ], "description": "The reference GeForce RTX 4090 keeps its AD102 FP32 peak, GDDR6X bandwidth, and card power in separate measurements rather than treating them as one score.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "nvidia-geforce", "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090", "notes": "This accelerator’s whole-system memory is its fitted frame buffer; host memory is excluded. Partner cards may differ from this reference configuration.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2022-10", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-4090-product-specifications" ], "summary": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090: 24 GiB of GDDR6X, 1008 GB/s peak bandwidth, and 82.58 TFLOP/s FP32.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nvidia-gb202", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-gb202:clock-frequency-base", "nvidia-gb202:clock-frequency-boost" ], "notes": "The base clock. The boost clock, 2407 MHz, is a separate figure in a separate group.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nvidia-rtx-5090-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-5090-memory:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "founders-edition", "label": "Reference card", "releaseDate": "2025-01" } ], "description": "This record can be compared with the GeForce GTX 1080, the oldest consumer card in the catalog. Both are NVIDIA cards, and both state a single-precision peak and memory bandwidth obtained by the same methods. Their multipliers are therefore legitimate: twelve times the floating-point rate, five and a half times the bandwidth, and four times the memory. Board power is a rating rather than a measurement, so the metric forbids a ratio for it.\n\nNVIDIA's page for this card states no floating-point rate or memory bandwidth. It gives \"3352 AI TOPS\" and \"318 TFLOPS\" instead. The first counts low-precision tensor operations; the second belongs to the ray-tracing engine. Neither is a single-precision rate. Dividing either by the GeForce GTX 1080's 8,873 GFLOPS would combine different units, arithmetic and precision, so neither is recorded.\n\nThe architecture whitepaper supplies the recorded figures. Its appendix writes \"Peak FP32 TFLOPS (non-Tensor)\" and prints the bandwidth. Like the H100 record, this one relies on a vendor document that names the claimed precision.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "nvidia-geforce", "id": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-5090", "imageIds": [ "nvidia-geforce-rtx-5090-card" ], "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090", "notes": "The release date is editorial context: neither cited document carries a publication date. The configuration is labeled a reference card for the same reason as the GeForce GTX 1080's. Partner boards carry clocks of their own. The tensor and ray-tracing rates, the fill rates and the required system power are not recorded because the catalog has no metric that would make them comparable with anything. The whitepaper's non-tensor FP16 and INT32 peaks are omitted for the same reason as the H100's BFLOAT16 and FP8 rates.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2025-01", "slug": "nvidia-geforce-rtx-5090", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-rtx-blackwell-whitepaper", "nvidia-rtx-5090-product-specifications" ], "summary": "104.8 TFLOP/s of single precision, 32 GiB of GDDR7 at 1792 GB/s and 575 W. These are the same three quantities recorded for the GeForce GTX 1080 nine years earlier.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "nvidia-h100-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-h100-sxm:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "NVIDIA states no clock frequency for it, as with every other modern record in this catalog.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "nvidia-h100-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "nvidia-h100-memory:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "sxm", "label": "SXM module" } ], "description": "NVIDIA's specification table names the precision of every rate it publishes: FP64 at 34 TFLOP/s, FP64 through the tensor cores at 67, FP32 at 67, and FP16 through the tensor cores at 1,979 with structural sparsity. Other floating-point figures in this dataset, from Sega, Sony and Apple, are bare numbers whose precision the reader must infer. Those figures are provisional; these are approved.\n\nA single \"teraflops\" figure would obscure the difference. The chip performs double-precision arithmetic at 34 or 67 TFLOP/s depending on which units run it, and half-precision arithmetic at 1,979 when the workload has the required sparsity pattern. The catalog keeps these capabilities in separate comparability groups, so no ratio crosses between them.\n\nThis is an accelerator rather than a computer. It has no operating system or input, and a host gives it work. Its memory figure therefore means something different from a console's.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "nvidia-h100-sxm", "manufacturer": "NVIDIA", "name": "NVIDIA H100 Tensor Core GPU (SXM)", "notes": "The release date is editorial context: the cited page carries no publication date and states none for the product. The same table's H100 NVL column is not recorded because it describes a different card. Transcribing a second column would double the record without adding a comparison the catalog can make. The BFLOAT16, FP8 and INT8 rates are omitted because the catalog has no metric for those formats. NVLink's 900 GB/s is excluded because the catalog has no metric for interconnect bandwidth.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2022", "slug": "nvidia-h100-sxm", "sourceIds": [ "nvidia-h100-product-specifications" ], "summary": "34 TFLOP/s of FP64 and 67 of FP32, 80 GiB of memory at 3.35 TB/s, and a 700 W ceiling. Its floating-point figures state their precision.", "type": "accelerator" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "raspberry-pi-5-bcm2712", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "raspberry-pi-5-videocore-vii", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "raspberry-pi-5-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5:whole-system-memory-capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "8gb", "label": "8 GB model" } ], "description": "The 8 GB board configuration records the Pi’s published processor and graphics clocks without turning its display engine into a floating-point rate.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "raspberry-pi-5", "imageIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Raspberry Pi Ltd", "name": "Raspberry Pi 5", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2023-10-23", "slug": "raspberry-pi-5", "sourceIds": [ "raspberry-pi-5-product-brief" ], "summary": "A 2.4 GHz quad-core Cortex-A76 board with an 800 MHz VideoCore VII GPU and 8 GiB of LPDDR4X memory.", "type": "personal-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "lvdc", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "lvdc:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "lvdc-core-memory", "count": 4, "measurementIds": [ "lvdc-core-memory:module-capacity" ], "notes": "Capacity is per module.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "four-module", "label": "Four memory modules", "notes": "The configuration the report's weight and power figures describe: 35 kg and 137.0 W.", "region": "United States" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "lvdc", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "lvdc:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "lvdc-core-memory", "count": 8, "measurementIds": [ "saturn-lvdc:max-memory-capacity" ], "notes": "Capacity is per module. Eight in simplex give the stated 32 768 words maximum.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "eight-module", "label": "Eight memory modules, simplex (maximum capacity)", "notes": "The report gives no weight or power figure for this configuration, so neither is recorded against it.", "region": "United States" } ], "description": "Where the Apollo Guidance Computer flew the spacecraft, the LVDC flew the rocket. It is a serial fixed-point machine clocked at 2.048 MHz, taking four clocks per bit for a 512 kilobit per second rate, with ultrasonic glass delay lines used as serial arithmetic registers and as dynamic storage for the instruction counter. Reliability came from redundancy rather than from margin: triple modular redundancy runs three identical logic channels divided into seven voted modules each, at the cost of roughly 3.4 times as many components as a simplex system, and memory modules could be run in duplex. Magnesium-lithium frames are liquid-cooled to keep the electronics at a low operating temperature. Each toroidal-core module stores 4096 words; each word is 28 bit wide.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "saturn-lvdc", "manufacturer": "IBM Federal Systems Division", "name": "Saturn Launch Vehicle Digital Computer", "notes": "The release date is editorial context. The LVDC first flew on a Saturn IB in 1966, but the cited report does not carry that figure; it documents the computer as flown for Apollo. Every measurement attached to this system comes from the report.", "region": "United States", "releaseDate": "1966", "slug": "saturn-lvdc", "sourceIds": [ "ntrs-19700023342" ], "summary": "The computer in the Saturn instrument unit: a liquid-cooled, triple-redundant serial machine that navigated, guided and controlled the launch vehicle from lift-off through orbital insertion and translunar injection.", "type": "guidance-computer" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "hitachi-sh4", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sega-dreamcast:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Internal clock. The external bus runs at 100 MHz and peripherals at 50 MHz.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "dreamcast-holly", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sega-dreamcast:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "dreamcast-main-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "dreamcast-main-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "64 bit bus at 100 MHz, directly connected to the SH-4.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "dreamcast-texture-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "dreamcast-texture-ram:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "dreamcast-audio-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "dreamcast-audio-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Belongs to the AICA audio chip.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail console" } ], "description": "The Dreamcast is the first console here with a published floating-point rate and instruction rate for its processor. Sega's outline gives both for the SH-4. The PlayStation reference gives neither, and the Nintendo 64's is too damaged to read either figure. It is also the first console here whose processor has an IEEE 754 floating-point unit.\n\nIts memory is the opposite of the Nintendo 64's. Where that machine shares one 4 MiB pool between processor, geometry and rasterizer, the Dreamcast keeps 16 MiB of main memory, 8 MiB of texture memory and 2 MiB of audio memory apart. The specification states explicitly that the SH-4 does not share texture or audio data with main memory. These are separate budgets; none can be spent on another's work.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "sega-console", "id": "sega-dreamcast", "imageIds": [ "sega-dreamcast-console" ], "manufacturer": "SEGA Enterprises", "name": "Sega Dreamcast", "notes": "The release date is editorial context; the cited outline is dated September 1999 and does not date the launch. Sega's polygon-performance figures (3 million per second at peak, 1.5 million visible) are not recorded as measurements: the catalog has no polygon-rate metric, and adding one for a single console would produce a figure nothing else could be compared against. The expansion maxima quoted in the specification describe development hardware, not retail machines.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1998-11", "slug": "sega-dreamcast", "sourceIds": [ "dreamcast-hardware-spec" ], "summary": "A 200 MHz SH-4 with a floating-point unit and a published FLOPS figure, plus a 100 MHz PowerVR2 graphics chip. Its separate memory pools provide 16 MiB of main RAM, 8 MiB of texture RAM and 2 MiB of audio RAM.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "master-system-z80", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sega-master-system:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "master-system-vdp", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sega-master-system:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "master-system-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "master-system-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "master-system-video-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "master-system-video-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Attached to the video display processor; the Z80 reaches it only through the VDP data port.", "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "ntsc", "label": "NTSC retail console", "region": "North America" } ], "description": "Sega built the Master System on the processor and video lineage it already used in the arcades, which made conversions straightforward. Its long afterlife came from licensing: Tec Toy kept manufacturing and selling the console in Brazil long after Sega had moved on.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "sega-console", "id": "sega-master-system", "imageIds": [ "sega-master-system-console" ], "manufacturer": "Sega", "name": "Sega Master System", "notes": "Removable cartridge ROM is storage, not whole-system working memory.", "region": "North America", "releaseDate": "1986-06", "slug": "sega-master-system", "sourceIds": [ "sega-8bit-service-manual" ], "summary": "A Z80 console with a tile-and-sprite VDP descended from the TMS9918. It lost to Nintendo in Japan and North America, then outsold it in Brazil and parts of Europe for years afterward.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "mega-drive-68000", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sega-mega-drive:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "The 3.58 MHz Z80 is an audio coprocessor; its clock is not added to this one.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "mega-drive-vdp", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sega-mega-drive:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "mega-drive-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "mega-drive-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "ntsc", "label": "NTSC retail console", "region": "Japan" } ], "description": "This is the original Japanese Mega Drive, not the later Mega Drive II. Its 68000-led design makes it Sega's direct counterpart to the contemporary cartridge consoles in this catalog.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "family": "sega-console", "id": "sega-mega-drive", "imageIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-console" ], "manufacturer": "Sega", "name": "Sega Mega Drive", "notes": "Cartridge ROM remains removable storage and does not enter the RAM total.", "region": "Japan", "releaseDate": "1988-10", "slug": "sega-mega-drive", "sourceIds": [ "sega-mega-drive-service-manual" ], "summary": "A 7.67 MHz 68000 console with 64 KiB main RAM, a Z80 audio processor and a tile-and-sprite VDP.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "sega-saturn-sh2", "count": 2, "measurementIds": [ "sega-saturn:retail:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Two SH2 processors at one frequency, not one at twice it. The rate is the PAL console's; Sega published no equivalent document for the Japanese machine that this catalog has found.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "sega-saturn-vdp", "count": 2, "measurementIds": [ "sega-saturn:retail:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "sega-saturn-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sega-saturn-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "sega-saturn-video-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sega-saturn-video-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Attached to the two video display processors.", "role": "video-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "sega-saturn-sound-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sega-saturn-sound-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Belongs to the sound processor.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "sega-saturn-cd-buffer-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sega-saturn-cd-buffer-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Buffers the compact-disc drive. The buffer is memory; the disc it fills is not.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "sega-saturn-backup-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sega-saturn-backup-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Battery-backed, and the only memory here that survives power off.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "sega-saturn-ipl-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sega-saturn-ipl-rom:capacity" ], "notes": "Boot firmware. Fitted to the machine, but left out of its memory total.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "retail", "label": "PAL retail console (MK-80200-50)" } ], "description": "Two SH-2 processors run at the same nominal frequency. Their count is recorded in the retail configuration; the catalog does not turn two clocks into a fictional 57.2 MHz processor. The figures come from Sega's service manual for the PAL console, model MK-80200-50, which is the only Sega specification for this machine the project has retrieved.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "sega-console", "id": "sega-saturn", "imageIds": [ "sega-saturn-console" ], "manufacturer": "SEGA Enterprises", "name": "Sega Saturn", "region": "Japan", "releaseDate": "1994-11", "slug": "sega-saturn", "sourceIds": [ "sega-saturn-service-manual" ], "summary": "Sega Saturn, represented with its retail processor, graphics and installed writable memory.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "mips-r10000", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sgi-octane:1x:clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Processor chip revision 3.1, with the R10010 floating-point chip at revision 0.0.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "sgi-octane-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sgi-octane:1x:memory-capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "1x-250mhz", "label": "Octane 1X 250MHz R10k", "notes": "The configuration SGI published the CINT95 result on: 128 MiB of memory, IRIX64 6.4, MIPSpro C 7.2.", "releaseDate": "1998-03" }, { "entries": [ { "componentId": "mips-r10000", "count": 2, "measurementIds": [ "sgi-octane:2x:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "sgi-octane-memory", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sgi-octane:2x:memory-capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "2x-250mhz", "label": "Octane 2X 250MHz R10k", "notes": "The configuration SGI published the CFP95 result on: 256 MiB of memory, IRIX64 6.4, MIPSpro Fortran 77 and 90 7.2 with the Auto Parallelizing Option.", "releaseDate": "1998-03" } ], "description": "The Octane is the first machine here with quoted benchmark results. Earlier records use design specifications, such as clock rates, memory sizes and instruction timings, because comparable benchmark results do not exist for those machines. SGI published SPEC CPU95 results for the Octane. They measure what the processor, the memory subsystem and the compiler achieve together on a named workload, so they are a different kind of number. The two SPEC results are not from the same machine. The CINT95 result used a single-processor Octane with 128 MB of memory; the CFP95 result used a two-processor Octane with 256 MB and an auto-parallelizing compiler. They are recorded against separate configurations.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "sgi-octane", "imageIds": [ "sgi-octane-workstation" ], "manufacturer": "Silicon Graphics, Inc.", "name": "Silicon Graphics Octane", "notes": "Graphics are not modeled here. The Octane shipped with several different graphics subsystems, and the cited SPEC results do not identify which one was fitted; recording a guess would be worse than recording nothing. The release date is editorial context, not a figure the cited results carry. They state hardware availability of March 1998 for these two configurations.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1997", "slug": "sgi-octane", "sourceIds": [ "spec-cpu95-octane-int", "spec-cpu95-octane-fp" ], "summary": "SGI's mid-range workstation: one or two 250 MHz MIPS R10000 processors under IRIX, and the first machine in this catalog with published SPEC results and a floating-point unit worth measuring.", "type": "workstation" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "neo-geo-68000", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "snk-neo-geo-aes:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "neo-geo-lspc2", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "snk-neo-geo-aes:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "neo-geo-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "neo-geo-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "retail", "label": "AES retail console" } ], "description": "This is SNK's AES home console configuration. It brings the Neo Geo's sprite-oriented hardware into the catalog beside other cartridge consoles of its era.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "snk-neo-geo-aes", "imageIds": [ "snk-neo-geo-aes-console" ], "manufacturer": "SNK", "name": "SNK Neo Geo AES", "notes": "AES cartridges are removable storage, excluded from whole-system writable memory.", "region": "Japan", "releaseDate": "1990-04", "slug": "snk-neo-geo-aes", "sourceIds": [ "neo-geo-developers-manual" ], "summary": "A 12 MHz 68000 console with 64 KiB work RAM and a sprite-focused video controller.", "type": "console" }, { "aliases": [ "PS1", "PSX" ], "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "psx-r3000a", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sony-playstation:clock-frequency" ], "notes": "The same rate in every region; the console's clock is not derived from the television standard.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "psx-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sony-playstation:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "psx-main-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "psx-main-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "psx-vram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "psx-vram:capacity" ], "notes": "Reachable by the GPU, not shared with the CPU. Transfers go by DMA.", "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail console" } ], "description": "The PlayStation divides its 3D work among components rather than leaving it with the processor. Its CPU is a customized R3000A at 33.8688 MHz. The GTE, a coprocessor beside the integer core, handles coordinate transformation and lighting; a separate GPU with its own memory handles drawing. No single component's specification describes the console, so the record models four of them and shows how the work is divided.\n\nIt is also the first console here. Consoles differ from the home computers that precede them. The Commodore 64 and the Amigas take their clock from the television standard, so PAL and NTSC machines run at different speeds. The PlayStation's clock is the same everywhere, so it has one configuration rather than two.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "sony-playstation", "id": "sony-playstation", "imageIds": [ "sony-playstation-scph-1000" ], "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment", "name": "Sony PlayStation", "notes": "The release date is editorial context; the cited developer reference documents the hardware without dating the launch. That reference is the August 1998 revision, four years after release, but it describes the same retail hardware. No floating-point figure is recorded: the reference does not describe floating-point hardware on this processor, and inferring its absence would be a claim without a citation.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "1994-12", "slug": "sony-playstation", "sourceIds": [ "psx-hardware-reference" ], "summary": "A 33.8688 MHz customized R3000A with 2 MiB of main memory, 1 MiB of video memory, and the 3D work split between a geometry coprocessor and a drawing processor.", "type": "console" }, { "aliases": [ "PS2" ], "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "ps2-emotion-engine", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sony-playstation-2:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "16 kB instruction cache, 8 kB data cache and 16 kB of scratchpad, per the 1999 specification.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ps2-graphics-synthesizer", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sony-playstation-2:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ps2-main-rdram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "ps2-main-rdram:capacity" ], "notes": "Direct Rambus DRAM, reachable by the Emotion Engine.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ps2-gs-edram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "ps2-gs-edram:capacity" ], "notes": "On the Graphics Synthesizer die. Not addressable as main memory.", "role": "video-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ps2-iop", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sony-playstation-2:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Drives the console's inputs and outputs, and becomes the whole machine when a PlayStation disc is playing.", "role": "co-processor", "shared": false } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail console" } ], "description": "The PlayStation 2 is the first record in this catalog where the graphics chip's memory is fifteen times faster than the console's main memory, on Sony's own figures. The machine's design follows from that asymmetry. Geometry runs on the Emotion Engine's two vector units, which is where its 6.2 GFLOPS mostly comes from; the Graphics Synthesizer only rasterizes, but does so against a frame buffer it never has to leave the die to reach. It has little room: 4 MiB holds the frame buffer, the Z buffer and whatever textures fit alongside them, so texture data streams in from main memory while drawing proceeds.\n\nIts numbers come from Sony press releases rather than the developer manuals. The EE Overview, EE User's and GS User's manuals describe the caches, bus widths, vector units and memory map, but state neither the processor clock, the installed memory size nor a floating-point rate. SCEI published those three figures in a specification table a year before launch, then corrected the clock in a later release.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "sony-playstation", "id": "sony-playstation-2", "imageIds": [ "sony-playstation-2-console" ], "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment", "name": "Sony PlayStation 2", "notes": "The release date is editorial context: the cited specification release is dated March 1999 and states only an intention to launch during the following fiscal year. Sony's polygon figures, 66 million per second of geometry on the Emotion Engine and 75 million per second of drawing on the Graphics Synthesizer, are not recorded because the catalog has no polygon-rate metric. The rated power consumption is the SCPH-39001 revision's; later revisions drew considerably less, and the 2003 single-chip release puts the launch pair of chips at 37 W between them.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2000-03", "slug": "sony-playstation-2", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps2-specifications-1999", "scei-ee-gs-single-chip-2003", "scea-ps2-scph-39001-manual" ], "summary": "A 294.912 MHz Emotion Engine rated at 6.2 GFLOPS, 32 MiB of Rambus main memory at 3.2 GB/s, and a rasterizer whose 4 MiB frame buffer sits on the die behind a 2560 bit bus.", "type": "console" }, { "aliases": [ "PS3" ], "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "ps3-cell", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sony-playstation-3:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "One PowerPC core with 512 kB of L2 cache, plus seven usable SPEs each with 256 kB of local store. Clock from the 2005 announcement.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ps3-rsx", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sony-playstation-3:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Clock from the 2005 announcement; the launch specification gives none.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ps3-xdr", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "ps3-xdr:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ps3-gddr3", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "ps3-gddr3:capacity" ], "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "launch", "label": "Launch console", "releaseDate": "2006-11" } ], "description": "Every figure on this record comes from one of two Sony specifications, and which of the two decides how far the figure can be trusted.\n\nThe announcement of May 2005 is a full table: a 3.2 GHz PowerPC core, seven SPEs at the same clock, 218 GFLOPS between them, an RSX at 550 MHz claimed at 1.8 TFLOPS, and 2 TFLOPS for the system. The launch specification of May 2006 describes the console that shipped, and states none of it. It names the Cell processor and the RSX without a clock for either, gives no floating-point figure at all, and repeats only the memory: 256 MB of XDR and 256 MB of GDDR3.\n\nSo the two memory capacities are approved and everything else is provisional. Not because any particular number is doubted, but because a company that has finished the hardware declined to restate what it said before it had. Those figures are recorded as pre-launch evidence. That does not move them into a comparability group of their own: an announced clock is still a nominal clock, and it stands in the same row as the clock of a machine that shipped, where a reader can see both. What it does is keep them provisional, and a provisional record never feeds an automatic multiplier.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "sony-playstation", "id": "sony-playstation-3", "imageIds": [ "sony-playstation-3-console" ], "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment", "name": "Sony PlayStation 3", "notes": "The release date is editorial context as the catalog defines it, but it is unusually well attested here: the launch specification is titled with the date. The 2005 announcement's \"System Floating Point Performance: 2 TFLOPS\" is not recorded because it sums a CPU figure and a GPU figure into one number. The catalog has no metric that spans both scopes. No derived claim compares the two memory bandwidths, although both are stated, because the ratio formula declines provisional inputs.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2006-11", "slug": "sony-playstation-3", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps3-specifications-2005", "scei-ps3-launch-2006" ], "summary": "A Cell processor with seven vector co-processors and an NVIDIA-derived RSX, each with 256 MiB of memory. Sony never restated its clocks or floating-point figures for shipping hardware.", "type": "console" }, { "aliases": [ "PS4" ], "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "ps4-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sony-playstation-4:cpu-clock-frequency-independent" ], "notes": "Eight x86-64 cores. Sony states no clock.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ps4-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sony-playstation-4:gpu-clock-frequency-independent" ], "notes": "18 compute units on the same die as the cores. Sony states no clock.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ps4-gddr5", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "ps4-gddr5:capacity" ], "notes": "Shared by the processor and the graphics units. Sony's own word for it is \"unified\".", "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "launch", "label": "Launch console (CUH-1000 series)", "releaseDate": "2013-11" } ], "description": "This record differs from the three earlier PlayStations in two ways.\n\nThe memory is one pool. The PlayStation kept 2 MiB for the processor and 1 MiB for the drawing chip; the PlayStation 2 kept 32 MiB and 4 MiB; the PlayStation 3 kept 256 MiB and 256 MiB. Each pair has to remain two numbers because neither half can be spent on the other's work. The PlayStation 4's 8 GiB is unified, so its memory capacity is one figure.\n\nSony never published either clock. The introduction gives a core count, a compute-unit count, a teraflops figure and bandwidth, but no frequency; the launch-day release repeats only the memory. Everything except the memory capacity is provisional pre-launch evidence, as with the PlayStation 3's announced figures.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "sony-playstation", "id": "sony-playstation-4", "imageIds": [ "sony-playstation-4-console" ], "manufacturer": "Sony Computer Entertainment", "name": "Sony PlayStation 4", "notes": "The release date is well attested here: the cited launch release is dated the day the console went on sale in North America. The configuration is labeled for the CUH-1000 series on editorial grounds. Neither cited release names a model number.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2013-11", "slug": "sony-playstation-4", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps4-introduction-2013", "scea-ps4-launch-2013" ], "summary": "Eight x86-64 cores and 18 compute units on one die, rated at 1.84 TFLOP/s and sharing 8 GiB of GDDR5 in one memory pool.", "type": "console" }, { "aliases": [ "PS5" ], "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "ps5-cpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sony-playstation-5:cpu-clock-frequency", "sony-playstation-5:cpu-peak-clock" ], "notes": "8 cores, 16 threads. The frequency is a ceiling: Sony specifies it as variable.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ps5-gpu", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sony-playstation-5:gpu-clock-frequency", "sony-playstation-5:gpu-peak-clock" ], "notes": "Also a ceiling, and also variable. Sony states no compute-unit count.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "ps5-gddr6", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "ps5-gddr6:capacity" ], "notes": "Sony's own heading is \"System Memory\": one pool for the processor and the graphics engine.", "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "ps5-ssd", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "sony-playstation-5:storage-capacity" ], "notes": "Read decimally. 825 is not a power of two and was never meant to be read as one.", "role": "storage", "shared": false } ], "id": "launch", "label": "Launch console", "releaseDate": "2020-11" } ], "description": "This record completes a line of five consoles from the same maker, released from 1994 to 2020 and described in five different vocabularies.\n\nThe PlayStation and PlayStation 2 are described by frequency. The PlayStation 3 adds a floating-point rate. The PlayStation 4 drops frequency entirely and gives core counts and teraflops. The PlayStation 5 states frequencies but also says they are not constants. \"Variable frequency, up to 3.5 GHz\" is a different quantity from a nominal clock: it is a ceiling reached when power and heat allow. It cannot share a row with the PlayStation 2's 294.912 MHz, because the two figures answer different questions. This machine's nominal clock is therefore recorded as not-applicable, and its ceiling is recorded under a method shared with GeForce boost clocks.\n\nEverything here is provisional because Sony's only specification table for this console went up eight months before it shipped and has been edited since. The graphics rate now reads 10.3 TFLOP/s where it once read 10.28, and the compute-unit count it once carried is gone. A figure from a document that is still changing remains provisional.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "sony-playstation", "id": "sony-playstation-5", "imageIds": [ "sony-playstation-5-console" ], "manufacturer": "Sony Interactive Entertainment", "name": "Sony PlayStation 5", "notes": "The release date is editorial context: the cited table predates the console by eight months and states no date. The digital edition, which differs only in the optical drive, is not recorded as a second configuration because it carries no different figure. Three things in Sony's table are deliberately not recorded: the SSD's 5.5 GB/s read bandwidth, which is a storage rate rather than the memory-bandwidth metric; the disc capacity, which describes a medium rather than the machine; and the audio engine, which the catalog has no metric for. No power figure is recorded because Sony publishes none.", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2020-11", "slug": "sony-playstation-5", "sourceIds": [ "scei-ps5-hardware-specs-2020" ], "summary": "Eight Zen 2 cores to 3.5 GHz, an RDNA 2 graphics engine to 2.23 GHz and 10.3 TFLOP/s, and 16 GiB shared at 448 GB/s. The specification gives no fixed frequency.", "type": "console" }, { "aliases": [ "SNES" ], "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "snes-5a22", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "super-nintendo:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Nintendo publishes this rate without naming a memory region; the processor also runs a cycle at about 3.58 MHz on fast regions and about 1.79 MHz on the slowest.", "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "snes-ppu", "count": 2, "measurementIds": [ "super-nintendo:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "notes": "Two PPUs work together; their count is not a combined clock.", "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "snes-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "snes-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "snes-video-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "snes-video-ram:capacity" ], "notes": "Attached to the picture processors.", "role": "video-memory", "shared": false } ], "id": "ntsc", "label": "NTSC retail console", "region": "North America" } ], "description": "This entry is the North American Super Nintendo retail configuration. Its paired picture processors and region-specific timing make it a useful point of comparison within Nintendo's home-console line.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "family": "nintendo-home-console", "id": "super-nintendo", "imageIds": [ "super-nintendo-console" ], "manufacturer": "Nintendo", "name": "Super Nintendo Entertainment System", "notes": "Game Pak ROM is removable storage and excluded from whole-system working memory.", "region": "North America", "releaseDate": "1991-08", "slug": "super-nintendo", "sourceIds": [ "nintendo-snes-tech-specs" ], "summary": "A 65C816-derived console with 128 KiB work RAM and paired tile-and-sprite PPUs.", "type": "console" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "valve-steam-deck-zen-2", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "valve-steam-deck:retail:cpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "valve-steam-deck-rdna2", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "valve-steam-deck:retail:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "valve-steam-deck-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-ram:capacity" ], "role": "unified-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "retail", "label": "Retail hardware" } ], "description": "The quoted processor and graphics frequencies are published ceilings of variable ranges, so they use peak-clock rather than pretending that either is a fixed nominal rate.", "editorialStatus": "approved", "id": "valve-steam-deck", "imageIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-handheld" ], "manufacturer": "Valve", "name": "Valve Steam Deck", "region": "Worldwide", "releaseDate": "2022-02", "slug": "valve-steam-deck", "sourceIds": [ "valve-steam-deck-tech-specs" ], "summary": "Valve Steam Deck, represented with its retail processor, graphics and installed writable memory.", "type": "handheld" }, { "configurations": [ { "entries": [ { "componentId": "zx-spectrum-z80a", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k:clock-frequency" ], "role": "main-cpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "zx-spectrum-ula", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k:gpu-clock-frequency" ], "role": "gpu", "shared": false }, { "componentId": "zx-spectrum-ram", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "zx-spectrum-ram:capacity" ], "role": "system-memory", "shared": true }, { "componentId": "zx-spectrum-rom", "count": 1, "measurementIds": [ "zx-spectrum-rom:capacity" ], "notes": "Read-only Sinclair BASIC ROM.", "role": "system-memory", "shared": true } ], "id": "pal", "label": "PAL 48K", "region": "Europe" } ], "description": "Sinclair pushed almost everything outside the processor into a single custom chip, which is how the machine reached a price no rival matched. That chip also pauses the processor while it reads video memory, and the resulting contention is why one part of memory runs slower than the rest.", "editorialStatus": "provisional", "id": "zx-spectrum-48k", "imageIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-computer" ], "manufacturer": "Sinclair Research", "name": "ZX Spectrum 48K", "region": "United Kingdom", "releaseDate": "1982-04", "slug": "zx-spectrum-48k", "sourceIds": [ "zx-spectrum-48k-manual", "sinclair-zx-spectrum-technical-data" ], "summary": "A Z80A home computer with Sinclair BASIC in ROM and a ULA that drives the display. Each key carries a whole BASIC keyword, so a program is typed in rather than spelled out.", "type": "home-computer" } ] }